Indicaciones pediátricas actuales de la cisaprida: toma de posesión de la European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepathology and Nutrition / Current pediatric indications for cisapride: a position paper by a panel convened by the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition

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[Experience of the National Autonomous Board for Certification of Medical Specialties]. / La experiencia de la Corporación Nacional Autónoma de Certificación de Especialidades Médicas.

After 6 years of operation of a National (autonomous) Board for Certification of Medical Specialists, the number, distribution and training of medical specialists is analyzed. Problems regarding significant differences in the quality of training and imbalance among different specialties are identified. The medical profession has expressed its confidence and feels supported by the activities of the Board. However, health care deliverers and users in general are expected to increase their support and consideration for the information provided by the Board, in order to fulfill the purpose for which it was established.

[One hour xylose test blood in the diagnosis of celiac disease]. / Prueba de xilosa sanguinea en una hora en el diagnóstico de enfermedad celiaca.

Plasma levels of d-xylose one hr after a standard 5 g oral dose were measured in 82 children suspected of having celiac disease. Duodenal mucosa was obtained by intestinal biopsy in all. Among patients with normal mucosa, 95% had xylose levels above 20 mg/dl; 100% of patients with a flat mucosa had levels under 20 mg/dl. Results were independent of patients age. We conclude that this is a reliable test to screen patients suspected of having celiac disease, prior to intestinal biopsy.

[Bacterial isolation in infants hospitalized for acute diarrhea]. / Aislamiento bacteriano en lactantes hospitalizados por diarrea aguda.

Bacteria were investigated in stools of 156 children under two years of age admitted to the pediatric wards of a general hospital at the western metropolitan area of Santiago, Chile, because of acute diarrhea with only one stool sample. A known pathogenic agent was isolated from 115 cases (73.7%), this being a bacteria in 87/115 (75.6%). Most prevalent microorganisms were Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC). (65.5%), specially serogroups 0111, 0119 and 055, Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) (18.4%), Campylobacter yeyuni (13.8%), Salmonellae (9.2%) and Shigellae (6.9%). Invasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) and Aeromonas hydrophila were observed in only one case. Yersinia enterocolitica was not isolated. Age was under one year in 92% of patients and 83% were normally or slightly under nourished. Fecal leucocytes were abnormally increased (greater than 5 per high power field) in 41.4% of positive bacterial isolates, in 83% of children with Shigellae, in 50% of those with EPEC and Salmonellae and in 25% of the Campylobacter yeyuni group.