Normalcy in Post-operative Period After Bilateral IJV Ligation: A Rare Case Report.

Ligation of bilateral IJV causes interruption of major part of venous drainage from Dural venous sinuses that causes complications such as gross facial edema, increased intracranial pressure, brain compression, coma and even death increasing the morbidity and mortality post-operatively. This case report illustrates a case of normalcy noted in post-operative period in a patient after ligation of bilateral IJV in left lower alveolus cancer.

Sinonasal and Infratemporal Schwannoma: Rare Case Report with Literature Review.

Schwann cells are responsible for the production of the myelin sheath around the axons of the peripheral nervous system. Benign neoplasms which originate from Schwann cells are hence termed Schwannomas or Neurilemmomas. They present as slow-growing, solitary, encapsulated, benign masses usually in association with nerve trunks. Schwannomas are relatively rare tumors with 25-45% occurring in the head and neck region. These case reports aim to describe the presentations, work-up, and treatment of two patients with head and neck schwannoma in atypical locations. Both patients had a history of gradually increasing swelling, the first originating from the sino-nasal region and the second from the temporal/ infratemporal region. Complete surgical excision of the tumor was done in both cases with no reported recurrence at 18 months follow-up. The final diagnosis was made based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry findings. Schwannomas often present a diagnostic dilemma and should be considered a possibility in all head and neck tumors. Recurrence is rare.

Ameloblastoma: A retrospective analysis of 31 cases.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the surgical treatment given and do a regular follow up to study the recurrence rate and complications of ameloblastoma in our institution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 31 cases of various subtypes of ameloblastoma, treated with different modalities, in the Department of OMFS, were recalled for a follow up & radiographs were taken along with the clinical examination for any recurrence or complications such as fracture/exposure of the reconstruction plate, loosening of the screw, infection of the graft, any draining sinus/signs of infection. RESULTS: Two of our patients had fractured reconstruction plate, one patient developed infection, one patient complained of screw exposure and two other patients had infection of the iliac graft. CONCLUSION: We conclude that an adequate resection with a safe margin could be a treatment option and can be undertaken depending on the extent, location of the lesion and histopathologic variant.

Healing of extraction socket following local application of simvastatin: A split mouth prospective study.

BACKGROUND: The role of simvastatin in lowering serum cholesterol level is well described. However, recent findings suggest they have a role in bone formation as well. AIM AND OBJECTIVES: The present prospective study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of simvastatin on bone formation in extraction sockets. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 15 patients undergoing all four first premolar extraction were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Extraction sockets of left premolars (24 and 34) were considered as cases and right premolars (14 and 44) as controls. Overall 30 extraction sites were assigned to each group. Atraumatic extraction was done in all cases following which simvastatin mixed with gelatin sponge was placed in extraction socket of 24 and 34 while only gelatin sponge was placed in 14 and 44. All sockets were then closed with 3-0 vicryl. The patients were kept on follow-up and complications such as dry socket, pain, and swelling were recorded. Intra oral peri apical radiographs were taken immediately after extraction and at 2nd month and 4th month to record changes in the density of alveolar bone. The radiographic measurements were compared and the differences were statistically analyzed. RESULT: Percent increase in bone density at the end of 8th week and 16th week was significantly high in case as compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: Local application of simvastatin induces bone formation in extraction sockets. Application is very simple and provides a very cost effective way of faster bone regeneration following tooth extraction.

Bone Ring Augmentation Around Immediate Implants: A Clinical and Radiographic Study.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of bone ring augmentation technique for three-dimensional augmentation of severely defective sockets along with placement of immediate dental implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A clinical study was conducted on 14 patients with 15 defective sockets requiring extractions and immediate implant placement. Following extraction, bone ring with an implant osteotomy, harvested from chin, was sculptured and fitted into the extraction socket. The bone apical to the socket was prepared for implant through the central osteotomy of the ring. Implant was then placed through the ring into the apical bone. After 6 months, prosthesis was placed. Clinical and radiographic examination was done to evaluate the soft tissue and crestal bone level around implants immediate postoperatively and at 1st, 3rd, 6th, and 9th month postoperatively. RESULTS: Out of 15 grafted sockets, 14 showed an evidence of bone healing with no significant crestal bone resorption. One ring showed soft tissue dehiscence which underwent severe resorption at 6th month postoperative visit. CONCLUSION: The bone ring augmentation technique is an effective method for three-dimensional augmentation of severely defective sockets. This technique helps in reducing the overall treatment time by allowing grafting and placement of implant simultaneously in a single visit. However, longer observation periods are needed to draw more definite conclusions on the success of bone ring augmentation technique.

Clinical use of the resorbable bioscaffold poly lactic co-glycolic acid (PLGA) in post-extraction socket for maintaining the alveolar height: A prospective study.

BACKGROUND: A common sequel of tooth extraction is alveolar bone resorption. It makes the placement of dental implants difficult and creates an esthetic problem for the fabrication of conventional prostheses. Therefore, alveolar bone following tooth extraction should be preserved. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The present prospective study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the resorbable bioscaffold poly lactic co-glycolic acid (PLGA) in maintaining the alveolar height in post-extraction socket. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 20 patients were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and were randomly divided into two groups: cases and control comprising of 10 patients each. Atraumatic tooth extraction was done in all patients. PLGA bioscaffold was placed in cases and socket was closed with 3-0 vicryl. In control group, socket was directly closed with 3-0 vicryl. The patients were kept on follow-up and complications such as dry socket, pain, and swelling were recorded. IOPA were taken at 1st, 4th, 12th, and 24th week to record changes in the height of alveolar bone. The radiographic measurements were compared and the differences were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Reduction in alveolar bone height after placement of PLGA bioscaffold was significantly less in cases as compared to controls at 4th, 12th, and 24th week following extraction. No complications were observed throughout the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: PLGA scaffold significantly reduces bone resorption. Application is very simple and can be easily performed in a dental setup. However, PLGA scaffold adds significantly to the cost of treatment.

Micro-marsupialization versus surgical excision for the treatment of mucoceles.

BACKGROUND: Mucocele is a common disorder of minor salivary glands which arises due to mucous accumulation resulting from their alteration. Several techniques have been described for the treatment. However, most of them are invasive or require costly armamentarium. PURPOSE: The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of micro-marsupialization technique as an alternative to surgical excision for the treatment of mucoceles. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective study was conducted. A total of twenty patients were selected based on clinical diagnosis of mucoceles and were randomly divided into two groups comprising ten patients each. Micro-marsupialization was done in Group 1 patients and surgical excision in Group 2. Patient's gender, age, size, location, duration, complications, and recurrences were evaluated during various visits. Data between the two groups were analyzed by descriptive and analytical (Chi-square tests) statistics. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients in Group 1 was 19.6 ± 9.6 years while in Group 2 was 21.9 ± 11 years. The most common location for mucocele in Group 1 as well as Group 2 patients was lower lip (60% and 80%, respectively). In Group 1, two patients had recurrence while in Group 2, one patient had a recurrence. All recurrent cases were subsequently treated by surgical excision. No statistically significant difference was found between the two methods. CONCLUSION: Micro-marsupialization technique is as efficacious as surgical excision for the treatment of mucocele. It is advantageous over surgical excision as it is simple to perform, is less invasive therefore not associated with complications associated with invasive procedure, and is well tolerated by patients.