RESUMEN
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the minimum torque required to attach the transducer to the implant to measure the implant stability quotient (ISQ) with two different devices and to estimate if finger-generated torque would be reliable for this purpose. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred implants were inserted into a uniform polyurethane block. The implants were distributed into 10 groups, with 10 implants each. The transducers were manually attached by a female operator (G female) and by a male operator (G male) using the standard connector provided by the manufacturers. For the remaining groups, the transducers were placed using a connector adapted to a digital torque wrench with different torque settings: 3 Ncm (G 3Ncm), 4 Ncm (G 4Ncm), 5 Ncm (G 5Ncm), 6 Ncm (G 6Ncm), 10 Ncm (G 10Ncm), 13 Ncm (G 13Ncm), 17 Ncm (G 17Ncm), and 20 Ncm (G 20Ncm). The stability was measured for all groups using both the Osstell and the Penguin resonance frequency analyzers. The minimum, medium, and maximum finger grip torque were accessed on 100 volunteers. RESULTS: For Osstell, the conjugated confidence intervals were homogenous for four groups (G 10Ncm, G 13Ncm, G 17Ncm, and G 20Ncm), and for Penguin, they were homogenous for six groups (G 5Ncm, G 6Ncm, G 10Ncm, G 13Ncm, G 17Ncm, and G 20Ncm). The minimum finger-generated force was 2.18 ± 1.05 Ncm, the medium force was 4.25 ± 1.57 Ncm, and the maximum force was 7.51 ± 2.52 Ncm, measuring with a digital torque meter. CONCLUSION: For an accurate measurement of ISQ, the minimum torque necessary to insert the transducer into the implant for Osstell was 10 Ncm, while for Penguin, it was 5 Ncm. Therefore, when using Osstell to assess implant stability, the authors suggest the use of a torque wrench to ensure 10 Ncm of force is applied when tightening the transducer into the implant to obtain accurate stability measurements. When using Penguin, the maximum finger-generated tightening force is enough.
Asunto(s)
Implantes Dentales , Análisis de Frecuencia de Resonancia , Implantación Dental Endoósea , Femenino , Dedos , Humanos , Masculino , Torque , TransductoresRESUMEN
PURPOSE: The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine the minimum installation torque required to attach the transducer (measuring peg) to the implant to provide an accurate assessment of implant stability using resonance frequency analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred 4 ×11-mm screw-shaped titanium implants were inserted into a uniform polyurethane block with similar density to bone in a standardized surgical protocol. The implants were distributed into 10 groups, with 10 implants each (G1 to G10). In G1, the transducer was manually attached by a female operator and in G2 by a male operator using the manual connector provided by the manufacturer. For the remaining groups (G3 to G10), the transducers were installed using a connector adapted to a digital torque wrench with different torque settings: 3 Ncm (G3), 4 Ncm (G4), 5 Ncm (G5), 6 Ncm (G6), 10 Ncm (G7), 13 Ncm (G8), 17 Ncm (G9), and 20 Ncm (G10). Stability was measured for all groups using the Osstell equipment (Diagnosis of Integration) and the implant stability quotient (ISQ) annotated for statistical comparison between the groups. RESULTS: The mean ± standard deviation ISQ values for groups G1 to G10 were 9.50 ± 5.54, 19.05 ± 2.67, 29.25 ± 4.22, 26.55 ± 5.37, 40.90 ± 0.99, 69.60 ± 2.41, 71.30 ± 0.82, 71.20 ± 1.32, 72.40 ± 0.97, and 70.90 ± 0.88, respectively. Statistical comparisons determined that the amplitudes of the confidence intervals, relative to the standard deviations, were lowest for groups G5, G7, G8, G9, and G10. For the means, the lowest amplitudes of the confidence intervals were observed in G6, G7, G8, G9, and G10. When checking the conjugated confidence intervals (mean and standard deviation), the results were homogenous for G7, G8, G9, and G10. When the torque of 20 Ncm was reached, the connection between the transducer and the implant failed. CONCLUSION: In this in vitro model experiment, transducer torques between 10 and 17 Ncm appear to be adequate for accurate measurement of implant stability, allowing more precise comparisons without damaging the prosthetic connection in the implant.
