Effects of Teasing in Physical Education Classes, Self-efficacy, and Physical Activity on Adolescents’ Self-esteem / [El efecto del hostigamiento en las clases de educación física, la autoeficacia y la actividad física en la autoestima de los adolescentes]

Objective: To investigate the differences between boys and girls in the present variables, and assess the possible associations between self-esteem and teasing in school physical education classes, self-efficacy, and physical activity among adolescents. Method: The sample included 944 adolescents aged 14 to 19 years (mean =16.52, SD = 1.12, 53.6% male), enrolled in public high schools in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Information was collected on age, body mass index, physical activity level, self-efficacy, teasing experiences in physical education classes, and self-esteem (dependent variable). Self-esteem was assessed using the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale. Results: Adolescents had a mean self-esteem score of 28.71 (out of 40), with boys having higher scores than girls (29.66 vs. 27.61, p < .001). In both sexes, adolescents who reported lower levels of teasing in physical education classes had higher self-esteem. Boys with high self-efficacy and higher levels of physical activity had higher self-esteem scores. Conclusion: Experiencing teasing in school physical education classes was a predictor of self-esteem in adolescents of both sexes, and self-efficacy and physical activity were predictors of self-esteem in boys.(AU)

Objetivo: Investigar las diferencias entre chicos y chicas en las variables de estudio, así como averiguar la posible asociación entre autoestima y el hostigamiento en las clases de educación física, autoeficacia y actividad física en adolescentes. Método: Se contó con una muestra de 944 de entre 14 y 19 años (media = 16.52, DT = 1.12, el 53.6% hombres) que estudiaban en centros escolares de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Se recogió información sobre edad, índice de masa corporal, nivel de actividad física, autoeficacia, hostigamiento en las clases de educación física y autoestima (variable dependiente). La autoestima se midió mediante la Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg. Resultados: La autoestima media de los adolescentes era 28.71 (de un máximo de 40), siendo más elevada la de los chicos que la de las chicas (29.66 vs. 27.61, p < .001). En ambos sexos la autoestima de los adolescentes que declaraban menos hostigamiento en educación física era superior. Los chicos que tenían una mayor autoeficacia y mayor actividad física tenían puntuaciones más elevadas en autoestima. Conclusión: Experimentar hostigamiento en las clases de educación física predecía la autoestima de los adolescentes de ambos sexos; la autoeficacia y la actividad física predecían la autoestima en los chicos.(AU)

Prevalência de pressão arterial elevada em adolescentes e associação com indicadores antropométricos / Prevalence of high blood pressure among adolescents and association with anthropometric indicators

Introdução: comportamentos como a inatividade física, sedentarismo e os maus hábitos alimentares adotados atualmente pelos adolescentes têm facilitado o desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares destacando-se a hipertensão arterial. Modelo do estudo: estudo epidemiológico transversal de base escolar. Objetivo: analisar a prevalência de pressão arterial elevada (PAE) e sua associação com indicadores antropométricos. Métodos: participaram do estudo 202 adolescentes de São José-SC. Foram mensurados a massa corporal, estatura e perímetro da cintura (PerC), para cálculo dos indicadores antropométricos de Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), Índice de Conicidade (ÍndiceC) e Razão Cintura/ Estatura (RCE). A pressão arterial foi mensurada por meio do aparelho digital Omron HEM 742. Resultados: a prevalência de PAE nos adolescentes foi de 10,9%. Aqueles com excesso de peso (OR= 5,68; IC95%= 1,99-16,24), e com PerC (OR=7,67; IC95%= 2,54-23,19) e RCE (OR= 5,88; IC95%= 1,71- 20,25) elevados tiveram maior chance de apresentar PAE quando comparados com seus respectivos pares com peso normal, PerC e RCE saudáveis. Conclusão: os resultados do presente estudo mostraram que um em cada dez adolescentes apresentou PAE, sendo que o IMC (excesso de peso), PerC e RCE (fora das recomendações de saúde) foram os indicadores que se associaram com o desfecho.(AU)

Introduction: Physical inactivity, sedentary behavior and poor nutrition are behaviors currently adopted by adolescents, which have facilitated the development of cardiovascular diseases such as high blood pressure. Study design: This is a school-based epidemiological study with a cross-sectional design. Objective: A analyze the high blood pressure (HBP) prevalence and its association with anthropometric indicators. Methods: Participants were 202 adolescents from Sao José-SC. Measures of body weight, height and waist circumference (WC) were used to calculate the anthropometric indicators of Body Mass Index (BMI), Conicity Index (C index) and Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHR). Blood pressure was measured by a digital Omrom HEM 742. Results: The prevalence of HBP among the adolescents was 10.9%. Overweight adolescents (OR= 5.68; 95%CI= 1.99-16.24) and those with high WC (OR= 7.67; 95%CI= 2.54-23.19) and high WHR (OR= 5.88; 95%CI= 1.71-20.25) were more likely to present HBP than their normal weight and with healthy WC and WHR peers. Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrated that one in ten adolescents presented HBP. Body Mass Index (overweight), WC and WHR (unhealthy conditions) were associated to the outcome.(AU)