Concordância da avaliação da via alimentar entre fonoaudiólogo e médico baseado na escala FOIS: coorte retrospectiva / Agreement in the assessment of the food pathway between speech therapists and physicians based on the FOIS scale: a retrospective cohort study / Concordancia en la evaluación de la vía alimentaria entre fonoaudiólogos y médicos basada en la escala FOIS: un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo

Introdução: A avaliação fonoaudiológica hospitalar tem um importante papel na prevenção e manejo de pacientes com risco de broncoaspiração. No entanto, nem sempre cabe ao fonoaudiólogo a primeira avaliação e definição da via alimentar nos pacientes hospitalares. Objetivo: Comparar as decisões fonoaudiológicas e médicas quanto à viabilidade da via alimentar em um hospital geral e identificar fatores associados com a melhora da deglutição. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo de pacientes internados em hospital em Joinville durante março a agosto de 2018. A via alimentar foi considerada com base na Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) sendo a primeira decisão comparada entre o fonoaudiólogo e o médico para o mesmo paciente. Resultados: Dos 171 pacientes, houve maior concordância entre as condutas médica e fonoaudiológica para alimentação por sonda nasoenteral (SNE) (88,7%) e alimentação oral livre (81,9%). No entanto, houve apenas 35% de concordância na definição de dieta adaptada, sendo a concordância geral moderada (Kappa 0,486). Houve evolução na alimentação por via oral em 62 pacientes (36%). Maior limitação da via alimentar, verificado pela necessidade de SNE (OR = 3,17; p = 0,025) e o maior número de atendimentos fonoaudiológicos intra-hospitalares (OR = 1,09; p = 0,020) foram associados com a melhora da disfagia. Conclusão: Encontrou-se concordância entre a avaliação dietética de casos para uso de SNE ou dieta livre entre o fonoaudiólogo e médico. Uso de SNE, como indicador de gravidade do paciente, e o maior número de sessões de fonoterapia foram associados com a melhora da disfagia durante a internação. (AU)

Introduction: Hospital-based speech-language pathology plays a crucial role in preventing and managing patients at risk of bronchoaspiration. However, the initial evaluation and determination of the feeding route in hospitalized patients may not always fall under the responsibility of the speech-language pathologist. Objective: To compare the decisions of speech-language pathologists and medical professionals regarding the feasibility of the feeding route in a general hospital and identify factors associated with swallowing improvement. Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients admitted to a hospital in Joinville from March to August 2018. The feeding route was assessed based on the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS), with the initial decision compared between the speech-language pathologist and the physician for the same patient. Results: Among 171 patients, there was higher agreement between medical and speech-language pathology decisions for nasoenteral tube feeding (88.7%) and oral unrestricted intake (81.9%). However, there was only 35% agreement in defining an adapted diet, with overall moderate agreement (Kappa 0.486). Oral feeding improved in 62 patients (36%). The presence of nasoenteral tube feeding (OR = 3.17; p = 0.025) and a higher number of in-hospital speech-language pathology appointments (OR = 1.09; p = 0.020) were identified as independent predictors for dysphagia improvement. Conclusion: Concordance was found in the dietary assessment for the use of nasoenteral tube feeding or oral unrestricted intake between speech-language pathologists and physicians. The use of nasoenteral tube feeding as an indicator of patient severity and a higher number of speech-language pathology sessions were associated with dysphagia improvement during hospitalization. (AU)

Introducción: La evaluación fonoaudiológica hospitalaria desempeña un papel crucial en la prevención y el manejo de pacientes con riesgo de broncoaspiración. Sin embargo, no siempre corresponde al fonoaudiólogo la primera evaluación y definición de la vía alimentaria en los pacientes hospitalizados.Objetivo: Comparar las decisiones fonoaudiológicas y médicas sobre la viabilidad de la vía alimentaria en un hospital general e identificar factores asociados con la mejora de la deglución. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio retrospectivo de pacientes hospitalizados en un hospital de Joinville durante marzo a agosto de 2018. La vía alimentaria se evaluó según la Escala Funcional de Ingesta Oral (FOIS), siendo la primera decisión comparada entre el fonoaudiólogo y el médico para el mismo paciente. Resultados: De 171 pacientes, hubo una mayor concordancia entre las decisiones médicas y fonoaudiológicas para la alimentación por sonda nasoenteral (SNE) (88,7%) y la alimentación oral libre (81,9%). Sin embargo, solo hubo un 35% de concordancia en la definición de una dieta adaptada, siendo la concordancia general moderada (Kappa 0,486). La alimentación oral mejoró en 62 pacientes (36%). Una mayor limitación de la vía alimentaria, indicada por la necesidad de SNE (OR = 3,17; p = 0,025), y un mayor número de sesiones fonoaudiológicas intrahospitalarias (OR = 1,09; p = 0,020) se asociaron con la mejora de la disfagia.Conclusión: Se encontró concordancia en la evaluación dietética para el uso de SNE o dieta libre entre el fonoaudiólogo y el médico. El uso de SNE, como indicador de la gravedad del paciente, y un mayornúmero de sesiones de fonoterapia se asociaron con la mejora de la disfagia durante la hospitalización. (AU)

Temporomandibular dysfunction and tinnitus the knowledge of the dental surgeon in primary health care.

A longitudinal study of quantitative nature applied through a structured and self-administered questionnaire. The purpose of the questionnaire was to verify the knowledge of the Primary Health Care Dentist (PHC) on the interrelationship between temporomandibular dysfunction and tinnitus after continuing education. The collected data (n=37) indicated insufficient knowledge with no significant statistical difference in knowledge or professional conduct. It is important to emphasize the importance of instructing and strengthening the knowledge of the PHC professional on the interrelationship between temporomandibular dysfunction and tinnitus. This may help minimize problems such as the professionals' lack of attention in the routine of care in changes that affect the patients' quality of life. Moreover, there is a need to sensitize managers to institute tools that subsidize the professional in this care with resoluteness.

Tinnitus and temporomandibular disorders: the knowledge of professionals for primary health care in the city of Curitiba.

INTRODUCTION: The high prevalence of temporomandibular disorders and tinnitus along with the negative effects on the quality of life of affected individuals makes this association a matter of public health. OBJECTIVE: To assess the knowledge of primary health care professionals about the interrelationship between temporomandibular disorders and tinnitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a quantitative cross-sectional study, using a structured, self-administered questionnaire for a group of 54 dental surgeons. The statistical analysis used involved descriptive analyses through absolute and relative frequency distributions. RESULTS: The results showed that the professionals do not, as a routine, examine the temporomandibular joints and masticatory muscles during physical examination. In addition, there was a low percentage of correct answers on questions that assess knowledge. CONCLUSIONS: There is a need to inform dentists about the interrelationship between temporomandibular disorders and tinnitus. Furthermore, there is a need to encourage managers to establish teaching and learning tools that support and strengthen the role of dentists in primary health care. In this way, routine visits might minimize these disorders, and thus contribute to the quality of life of the population.

Electronystagmography findings in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) and type 2 (SCA2).

OBJECTIVE: To describe the alterations observed in electronystagmography (ENG) of patients with spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) types 2 and 3. METHOD: Sixteen patients were studied and the following procedures were carried out: anamnesis, otorhinolaryngological and vestibular evaluations. RESULTS: The clinical findings in the entire group of patients were: gait disturbances (93.75%), dysarthria (43.75%), headache (43.75%), dizziness (37.50%) and dysphagia (37.50%). In the vestibular exam, the rotatory (62.50%) and caloric (75%) tests were among those which presented the largest indexes of abnormalities; the presence of alterations in the exams was 87.50%, with a predominance of central vestibular disorders in 68.75% of the exams. CONCLUSION: Vestibular exams could be an auxiliary tool to investigate SCAs, besides a precise clinical approach and, particularly, molecular genetic tests.

Electronystagmography findings in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) and type 2 (SCA2) / Eletronistagmografia em ataxia espinocerebelar do tipo 3 (SCA3) e do tipo 2 (SCA2)

OBJECTIVE: To describe the alterations observed in electronystagmography (ENG) of patients with spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) types 2 and 3. METHOD: Sixteen patients were studied and the following procedures were carried out: anamnesis, otorhinolaryngological and vestibular evaluations. RESULTS: The clinical findings in the entire group of patients were: gait disturbances (93.75 percent), dysarthria (43.75 percent), headache (43.75 percent), dizziness (37.50 percent) and dysphagia (37.50 percent). In the vestibular exam, the rotatory (62.50 percent) and caloric (75 percent) tests were among those which presented the largest indexes of abnormalities; the presence of alterations in the exams was 87.50 percent, with a predominance of central vestibular disorders in 68.75 percent of the exams. CONCLUSION: Vestibular exams could be an auxiliary tool to investigate SCAs, besides a precise clinical approach and, particularly, molecular genetic tests.

OBJETIVO: Verificar as alterações do exame de eletronistagmografia (ENG) em pacientes com ataxia espinocerebelar (AEC) tipos 2 e 3. MÉTODO: 16 pacientes foram estudados, com a utilização dos seguintes procedimentos: anamnese, avaliação otorrinolaringológica e avaliação vestibular. RESULTADOS: As principais queixas encontradas na anamnese foram, desequilíbrio na marcha (93,75 por cento), dificuldades da fala (43,75 por cento), cefaleia (43,75 por cento), tontura (37,50 por cento) e disfagia (37,50 por cento). No exame vestibular, o teste rotatório e o teste calórico apresentaram os maiores índices de anormalidades, respectivamente, 62,50 por cento e 75 por cento, com a predominância de distúrbio vestibular do tipo central em 68,75 por cento dos casos. CONCLUSÃO: O exame vestibular pode ser um exame auxiliar na investigação das AECs, junto com a avaliação clínica precisa e, particularmente, com os testes de genética molecular.

Otoneurological findings in spinocerebellar ataxia.

OBJECTIVE: Describe findings observed in ENG of patients with spinocerebellar ataxias. METHOD: Forty-three patients were studied, and the following procedures were carried out: anamnesis, otorhinolaryngological and vestibular evaluation (ENG). RESULTS: The clinical findings in the entire group of patients were: gait disturbances (83.72%), speech difficulties (48.83%), dizziness (41.86%) and dysphagia (39.53%). Vestibular examination disclosed abnormal caloric exam (83.71%) and saccadic movements (69.76%) with the highest rates of abnormality. The overall presence of alterations in vestibular tests was (90.70%), and the most frequent finding was central vestibular disorder in (74.42%) of patients. CONCLUSION: The study showed that alterations in ENG are related to the severity of SCAs or clinical stage of the disease. We emphasize the importance of studying the vestibular system concomitantly to clinical and genetic follow up.