Genitourinary manifestations of sickle cell disease.

OBJECTIVES: Sickle cell disease is one of the most common hereditary diseases, and migration trends and cross breeding have increased its incidence in Europe. While much has been published about the disease, there are few reviews in the literature dealing with its manifestations in the genitourinary system. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive review, using as our main instrument the PubMed online database, on recent advances in knowledge of the pathophysiology and urological, nephrological, and andrological manifestations of the disease. RESULTS: Manifestations include sickle cell nephropathy, enuresis, nocturia, hematuria, priapism, renal medullary carcinoma, and infarctions and necrosis in various organs of the genitourinary system. CONCLUSIONS: The characteristics of this important disease and the multisystemic spectrum it covers make knowledge of its genitourinary manifestations necessary.

[Changes in prostate specific antigen levels during intravesical instillations with Calmette-Guerin bacillus: relationship with transurethral resection of the prostate]. / Variación de los niveles de antígeno prostático específico durante las instilaciones endovesicales de bacilo de Calmette-Guerin: relación con la resección transuretral de próstata.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate variations on the serum PSA levels during and after administration of intravesical BCG and its relationship with previous transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). METHODS: PSA serum concentration variations were studied after each instillation, at 1 month and at 3 months in 24 patients with superficial bladder cancer and/or CIS under weekly BCG instillations treatment. Three patients had undergone TURP. RESULTS: A raise in PSA was observed in 87.5% of the cases during BCG instillations, although the increase was only significative in patients who had undergone TURP. PSA values descended at one and three months. CONCLUSIONS: Endovesical BCG administration produces an increase on serum PSA levels. This variation is higher in patients with history of TURP.