RESUMEN
Kyasanur forest virus disease (KFD) is a major public health concern in India. Its etiology KFD virus causes haemorrhagic fever with severe sequelae in humans. Due to continuous spatiotemporal expansion of KFD in last decade, the incidences of positive cases have been increasing in both humans and primates. Early diagnosis is of prime importance for disease management and epidemiological containment. In the present study, the highly immunogenic Envelope Domain III (EDIII) antigen was produced using prokaryotic expression system with an yield of 8 mg/L. The protein was purified using affinity chromatography and confirmed for its immuno-reactivity by western blot and UPLCMS/MS analysis. The recombinant EDIII was used as an antigen for the standardization of ELISA to detect anti KFD IgM antibodies in humans. The ROC curve was prepared to set the optimum cut-off OD for the assay. The comparative evaluation of the assay with a reference MAC ELISA revealed 86.96% concordance, 82.22% sensitivity and 91.48% specificity. Inter-rater agreement was performed with kappa index revealing significant agreement between the assays. This is the first study using safe recombinant protein antigen-based detection of anti KFDV antibodies in humans. This simple and scalable ELISA assay will be applicable for large scale screening of samples for combating the emerging threats of KFD in newer territories.
Asunto(s)
Virus de la Encefalitis Transmitidos por Garrapatas , Enfermedad del Bosque de Kyasanur , Animales , Anticuerpos Antivirales , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática/métodos , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina M , Enfermedad del Bosque de Kyasanur/diagnóstico , Enfermedad del Bosque de Kyasanur/epidemiología , Proteínas Recombinantes/genéticaRESUMEN
Kyasanur Forest disease virus (KFDV) was first identified in 1957, when it was isolated from a sick monkey from the Kyasanur Forest in Karnataka State, India. Since then it has been reported to be enzootic in five districts of Karnataka State, India. Recent reports of human infections have reached an alarming level, in spite of the availability of a vaccine. This disease has also been reported from new areas, such as Tamil Nadu and Kerala State. During January-March 2014, KFDV-positive cases were detected in Thirthahalli taluk, Shimoga District, Karnataka State, India. Here, we report an outbreak of Kyasanur Forest disease occurring in the Kannangi and Konandur area, Thirthahalli taluk in Karnataka State, India, with sporadic cases from eight other areas.
Asunto(s)
Brotes de Enfermedades , Enfermedad del Bosque de Kyasanur/epidemiología , Animales , Virus de la Encefalitis Transmitidos por Garrapatas/aislamiento & purificación , Haplorrinos/virología , Humanos , India/epidemiología , Masculino , RatonesRESUMEN
To determine the cause of the recent upsurge in Kyasanur Forest disease, we investigated the outbreak that occurred during December 2011-March 2012 in India. Male patients >14 years of age were most commonly affected. Although vaccination is the key strategy for preventing disease, vaccine for boosters was unavailable during 2011, which might be a reason for the increased cases.
