Marcadores biológicos emergentes de riesgo cardiovascular en población laboral / Emergent biological markers of cardiovascular risk in occupational poblation

Este estudio transversal y descriptivo se realizó sobre una población inicial de 200 trabajadores que, tras aplicar los criterios de exclusión, se redujo a 119 sujetos. Determinamos los factores de riesgo cardiovascular más prevalentes y relacionamos los marcadores emergentes (proteína C reactiva, lipoproteína (a) y homocisteina) con el valor de la clasificación de predicción de coronariopatía a los diez años de Framingham (FCRS). Finalmente valoramos la necesidad de introducirlos en el screening lipídico (prevención primaria). Resultados: la hipercolesterolemia, el tabaquismo y el estrés son los factores de riesgo más frecuentemente observados y están fuertemente relacionados con los hábitos personales, siendo por tanto, modificables. La proteína C reactiva resultó ser el mejor marcador de riesgo de los tres marcadores (aunque no significativa estadísticamente), además de ser la más eficiente y no precisar especiales cuidados en la fase preanalítica

This transversal and descriptive study was based over 200 workers, but only 119 passed the exclusion criteria. The aim of this study is to determinate the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors and to evaluate the relation between the emergent markers of cardiovascular risk (C Reactive Protein, Lipoprotein (a) and homocysteine) and the Framingham Coronary Risk Score (FCRS). We also sought the possibility of introducing these markers in the initial blood screening. Results: hypercholesterolemia, smoking and stress are the prevalent cardiovascular risk factors, and all of them can be modified. Although not statistically significant in our results, the C Reactive Protein is the best biological emergent marker of cardiovascular risk that we studied, and the less expensive, thus being very adequate as a preventive marker

[Genetic susceptibility to the development of acute alcoholic hepatitis: role of genetic mutations in dehydrogenase alcohol, aldehyde dehydrogenase and cytochrome P450 2E1]. / Susceptibilidad genética al desarrollo de hepatitis alcohólica aguda: papel de las mutaciones genéticas en alcohol deshidrogenasa, aldehído deshidrogenasa y citocromo P450 2E1.

OBJECTIVE: Analyze the frequencies of genetic mutation in alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and establish their possible association with the development of acute alcoholic hepatitis (AAH). METHODOLOGY: Case-control study in a total of 85 Spanish patients. We distinguish three groups (one case group and two control groups) based on hepatic histological lesion and alcohol consumption: controls (group 1: teetotalers; group 2: drinkers without AAH; cases: group 3: drinkers with AAH). Case diagnosis was established based on the presence of polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltrate in histological study. We analyzed the presence of the genetic mutations R47H and R369C (ADH2), E487K (ALDH2) and mutation Rsa I of CYP2E1 (allele c2) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and capillary electrophoresis. RESULTS: The allele c2 of CYP2E1 was found in 10%, 16% and 50% of the groups 1, 2 and 3 patients, respectively. Presence of the mutation Rsa I showed influence on the development of AAH (odds ratio [OR]: 3.63; confidence interval (95% [CI]: 0.88-15.02). CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest a possible association between the presence of the Rsa I of CYP2E1 and the development of AAH in patients with chronic alcohol consumption.