[EFFECT OF FLIXOTIDE ON ELECTRON-MICROSCOPIC CHANGES IN LUNG TISSUE OF GUINEA PIGS WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA MODEL.]

Chronic experiments on nonlinear short-hair guinea pigs with bronchial asthma model caused by administration of ovalbumin without treatment showed the ap- pearance of electron-microscopic changes of the lungs tissue in the form of chronic allergic inflammation. Significant changes in air - blood barrier with a loo- sening of intercellular contacts, degenerative changes in alveolocytes, and circulatory disorders with symptoms of vascular dilatation and stasis of blood cor- puscles were revealed. Treatment with inhaled fluticasone propionate in the form of flixotide preparation (GlaxoSmithKline, UK) for 3 months (2 times a day for 30 - 45 sec) partially reduced disorders of circulation and transcapillary exchange, decreased edema and degenerative changes in the cells, and restored in- tercellular contacts and pinocytic activity of the air - blood barrier. The obtained results show the expediency of further studies for determining the optimal du- ration of basic treatment during remission of bronchial asthma.

[Influence of mydocalm on the degree of intra-abdominal hypertension and local blood circulation in the intestinal wall in experiment].

The effect of mydocalm (tolperison, 5 mg/kg single dose) on the dynamics of intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH), blood circulation regulation, and oxygen balance in the tissues of intestinal wall were studied in acute experiments on rabbits. Using a special stand of original design, the initial IAH level was modeled at 200 mm H2O with the subsequent stopping of further receipt of liquid during 3 hours in an elastic container in the abdominal cavity. During 3-h observation without drug administration, no changes in IAH due to the tone of muscles of the frontal abdominal wall takes place, but there is progressive deceleration of local blood flow (-35.33 + 0.99%, p < 0.01), suppressed dilation (-20.02 + 0.54%, p < 0.01) and constriction (-60.45 + 1.17%, p < 0.01) reactivity of vessels, and decreased oxygen tension (-47.18 + 0.75%, p < 0.01) in the intestinal wall at the end of experiment. The introduction of mydocalm reduces the tone of muscles of the frontal abdominal wall, which leads to a decrease in IAH (maximum effect after 1.5 hours, -20.81 + 0.84%, p < 0.01) and prevents decrease in the local blood flow (-26.77 + 0.41%, p < 0.01), suppression of dilation (-16.51 + 0.34%, p < 0.01) and constriction (-37.85 + 0.61%, p < 0.01) reactivity of vessels, and reduction in oxygen tension (-36.60 + 1.18%, p < 0.01) at the end of experiment. The administration of mydocalm can extend the limits of application of a conservative therapy for patients with IAH and to improve the results.

[The effect of betahistine on histological changes in rabbit brain in model of whole body wide-frequency vibration].

In acute experiments in conscious rabbits was studied protective action of selective blocker of histamine H3-receptor betahistine (2mg/kg i/v) against histological changes in precentral and postcentral gyrus, as well as in temporal lobe of cerebral cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus, and cerebellum, arising in case of modeling of whole body wide-frequency vibration. Betahistine attenuates edematous and degenerative changes in neurons and reciprocal glial reaction, caused by vibration, but does not eliminate edema in perivascular spaces. This effect may be related to the improvement of blood supply as a result of of vasodilatory action and decrease of oxygen consumption via vestibuloprotective effect.

[An oxygen pressure in hepatic tissue of experimental animals in modelling of obstructive jaundice and its treatment].

Efficacy of application of oxygen-transporting preparations in the treatment of obturation jaundice was studied. In experimental conditions while modelling obturation jaundice in animals there were revealed signs of failure of the oxygen delivery to hepatic cells, shown by significant lowering of the oxygen pressure (pO2) in hepatic tissue. To compensate such revealed disorders it is expedient to apply preparations, which owe oxygen-transporting function, such as perftoran or ozonized isotonic solution of sodium chloride. Incorporating perftoran and ozonized isotonic solution of sodium chloride in conventionally accepted complex impedes the tissue hypoxia occurrence, which starts after biliary system decompression, it promotes restoration of hepatic cells functional state in more early terms.

[Application of computer thermography in diagnosis of chronic focus of inflammation and the definition of indications to the use of antibiotics before operation in patients with post-operative hernia of anterior abdominal wall]. / Primenenie komp'iuternoi termografii v diagnostike ochaga khronicheskogo vospaleniia i opredelenii pokazanii k ispol'zovaniiu antibiotikov do vypolneniia operatsii u bol'nykh s posleoperatsionnoi gryzhei briushnoi stenki.

We studied the informative value of computer thermography in diagnostics of inflammatory changes in hernia region in 53 patients with post-operative hernia of anterior abdominal wall. Four variants of thermogram were obtained depending from temperature gradient in symmetric points of hernia hilus. This was used to substantiate preventive antibiotics prescription according to general scheme in pre-operation period in 25 patients and administration of electrophoresis of cefazoline in further 28 patients. The method was effective to reduce inflammatory changes in hernia hilus region in 88.9% of patients, which was defined based on temperature gradient decrease in symmetric regions of hernia. Post-operative complications rate decreased from 15.7 to 12.3%. The suppuration of post-operative wound was not observed.

[Effect of thiotriazoline on the blood supply and oxygen balance in the brain in models of exposure to general vibration]. / Vliianie tiotriazolina na krovosnabzhenie i kislorodnyi balans mozga pri modelirovanii deistviia obshchei vibratsii.

Chronic experiments on conscious rabbits with needle electrodes implanted into cortex, thalamus, and hypothalamus were used to study variations in the local blood flow (BF) and the cerebral vessel response to hypercapnia and hyperoxia by method of hydrogen clearance. Variations of the partial oxygen pressure (PO2) in the tissues of these structures was measured by the polarographic technique. The general vibration action (modeled in a special testing device) decreased the local BF in the cortex and hipothalamus, suppressed the response of cerebral vessel (especially of the constrictor ones) to hyperoxia, and reduced PO2 in all the structures studied. Acting upon the neuron energy exchange and reducing their oxygen consumption, thiotriazolin prevented the drop in PO2 and even increased this parameter, while not preventing the decrease in BF and the inhibition of vessel response.

[Effects of pikamilon on the brain water-electrolyte balance and in models of responses to the noise and vibration exposure, and their combination with motion sickness]. / [Vliianie pikamilona na vodno-élektrolitnyi balans mozga pri modelirovanii deistviia shuma i obshchei vibratsii, a takzhe kombinatsii ikh s ukachivaniem]

Electric impedance measurements on awake rabbits with electrodes implanted into cortex, thalamus, and hypothalamus showed that modeling of the noise and general (wide-band) vibration, as well as their combination with sea-sickness action, leads to disturbances in the aqueous-electrolyte balance in brain. This is manifested by extracellular and (less pronounced) intracellular edema development. Picamilon administration (10 mg/kg, i.v.) completely prevented development of the vibration-induced intracellular edema and markedly reduced the development of damage in all other cases studied.

[A clinical assessment of a colorimetric method for the determination of glycosylated hemoglobin--the diabetes test]. / Klinicheskaia otsenka kolorimetricheskogo metoda opredeleniia glikirovannogo gemoglobina--"diabet-test".

135 patients with diabetes mellitus were studied for the level of glycated hemoglobin (GH) with the aid of the colorimetric method diabetes test involving the use of 0.3 N oxaloacetic acid, 0.06 M thiobarbituric acid, colorimetry on the spectrophotometer with the wavelength of 443 nm. No correlation was established or only weak relationship between the level of GH and chief clinical manifestations of diabetes mellitus, such as indices for metabolism, clinical presentation of the illness, degree of microangiopathy. There was no correlation between the above method and isoelectrofocusing in capillaries. Little value can be attached to GH level in controlling diabetes mellitus.

[Comparative characteristics of cerebrovascular protective effects of mildronate, riboxine, and their combination during modeling of cerebral hemodynamics disturbance]. / Sravnitel'naia kharakteristika tserebrovazoprotektornykh éffektov mildronata, riboksina i ikh kombinatsii pri modelirovanii narushenii mozgovoi gemodinamiki.

Hydrogen clearance, polarographic, and electric impedance measurements on conscious rabbits with electrodes implanted into brain cortex, thalamus, and hypothalamus were used to study the state of hemodynamics, oxygen and water--electrolyte balance on a model of the zero-gravity-induced cerebrovascular disorders. The preliminary administration of mildronate (10 mg/kg, p.o.) reduced the hemodynamics disorder and optimized the oxygen balance more significantly than did riboxin (5 mg/kg). Both drugs markedly decreased the level of edematous phenomena in the brain. The antihypoxant and antiedematous effects of mildronate and riboxin increased upon their combined administration.

[A device to stimulate sea sickness in horizontal and head-down positions]. / Ustroistvo dlia modelirovaniia ukachivaniia v gorizontalnom i antiortostaticheskom polozhenii.

A device enabling to expose small laboratory animals (rabbits, cats, etc.) to sea sickness using the swing with one suspended bar in an automatic mode both in horizontal and head-down position with different tilt angles has been developed. The device can be used for affecting during unlimited periods of time the otolith apparatus and semicircular canals in combination, if need be, with antiorthostatic hypokinesia. The design provides quick and easy installation of the container with an animal in horizontal or head-down position.

[The effect of pikamilon and fenibut on the blood supply of the brain at rest and under gravitational exposures]. / Vliianie pikamilona i fenibuta na krovosnabzhenie golovnogo mozga v usloviiakh pokoia i pri gravitatsionnykh vozdeistviiakh.

The effects of Picamilonum, 10 mg/kg, and Phenibutum, 50 mg/kg, on the cerebral blood flow, oxygen saturation and vascular reactivity in the cerebral cortex, thalamus, and hypothalamus were studied at rest during antiorthostatic hypokinesia and while rocking in antiorthostasis. Picamilonum was shown to have more steady vasodilatory effect, but it decreased a cerebrovascular response to CO2 and O2 inhalation. The reactivity of cerebral vessels to antiorthostasis under the influence of the drugs inversed, that of cerebrovascular vessels to CO2 inhalation decreased. Picamilonum enhanced vasoconstrictory responses to CO2 inhalation, whereas Phenibutum decreased it. With the combined effects of Phenibutum and Picamilonum, while rocking in antiorthostasis, a phase of vasodilatation was not observed and oxygen saturation and cerebrovascular reactivity were decreased.