RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Dental caries is a multifactorial disease, causes of which are mostly understood nowadays. This disease is not only treatable but also preventable, if detected in its initial stage. In a developing country like India, facility of dental treatment is available mostly for urban population, whereas a very common approach of dental disease treatment is still traditional for the rural people. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of dental caries, teeth cleaning methods, and sweet and soft drink-taking frequency among boys and girls of Guwahati City and its nearby semi-urban and rural areas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross sectional study was carried out among school going boys and girls of 3-17 years group, using the modified WHO oral health survey form. The number of population was 2396 from urban locality, 2370 from semi-urban, and 2467 from rural. RESULTS: Caries prevalence is much higher in urban (62.77%), contrary to rural where 76% of the sample is caries free. Those who take sweet occasionally suffered less or almost caries free (7.93% in urban and 0% in rural) than among those who consume it more than five times a day (90.75% in urban, 100% in semi-urban, and 99.33% in rural). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Urban localities are two times and semi-urban areas are 1.64 times more at risk of dental caries than rural areas. The odds ratio for cleaning frequency shows that the effect of cleaning by brush on caries is less (78%, not significant) than chewing stick while the risk associated with finger and charcoal use is about 19.63 times and 7.11 times, respectively.
Asunto(s)
Bebidas Gaseosas/efectos adversos , Caries Dental/epidemiología , Higiene Bucal/métodos , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , Estudios Transversales , Caries Dental/etiología , Humanos , Masculino , Salud Bucal/estadística & datos numéricos , Higiene Bucal/estadística & datos numéricos , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Población Rural/estadística & datos numéricos , Cepillado Dental/métodos , Población Urbana/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
AIM: We studied the expression of elastic fiber in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue in North-eastern Indian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Archival paraffin embedded 40 esophageal carcinoma specimens were retrieved for the study. Only smokers were included in the study. Verhoeff's stain for elastic fiber was performed to demonstrate elastic fiber with positive and negative control. RESULT: A total of 28 (70%) tissue specimens was found to be positive for elastic fiber. CONCLUSION: Elastosis in esophageal carcinoma may be due to smoking. Further studies are required to rule out the etiology.