Competencias transversales de los profesionales que facilitan atención domiciliaria a pacientes crónicos / Transferable skills of healthcare professionals in providing homecare in chronically ill patients

OBJETIVO: Determinar, a partir de los análisis de los profesionales de atención domiciliaria, el grado de relevancia de las competencias no técnicas de esos profesionales dedicados a la atención de pacientes con enfermedades crónicas. DISEÑO: Investigación cuanti-cualitativa realizada en 2 fases: la 1. a entre noviembre de 2010 y marzo de 2011 y la 2. a entre diciembre de 2012 y agosto de 2013. Emplazamiento: Región Sanitaria de Barcelona ciudad. PARTICIPANTES: En la primera fase, 30 profesionales pertenecientes a 6 equipos de atención domiciliaria (3 del ámbito de la atención primaria y 3 del ámbito hospitalario). En la 2. a fase, 218 profesionales pertenecientes a 50 equipos de atención primaria (EAP) y a 7 programas deatención domiciliaria y equipos de apoyo sanitario y social (PADES). MÉTODO: Muestreo intencional en la 1. a fase y aleatorio en la 2. a. Se emplearon escalas tipo Likert y grupos focales. RESULTADOS: A partir de la identificación de 19 categorías competenciales en la 1. a fase del estudio, se establecieron, en la 2. a fase, 3 metacategorías competenciales: atención integral centrada en el paciente, organización interprofesional y entre niveles asistenciales y competencia relacional. CONCLUSIONES: Es necesario favorecer y garantizar las relaciones profesionales entre niveles asistenciales, la continuidad asistencial, la concepción biopsicosocial y la atención holística al paciente y a su entorno, contemplando emociones, expectativas, sentimientos, creencias y valores de pacientes y familiares. Es imprescindible el diseño e implementación de formación en competencias transversales en el ámbito de cada centro, a través de metodologías didácticas activas y participativas

AIM: To determine the relevance level of non-technical skills of those professionals dedicated to the healthcare of patients with chronic diseases, from an analysis of home care professionals. DESIGN: Quantitative and qualitative research conducted in 2 phases: 1. st from November 2010 to March 2011 and 2. nd from December 2012 to August 2013. SETTING: Health Region of Barcelona city. PARTICIPANTS: During the 1. st phase, 30 professionals from homecare teams (3 from Primary Care and 3 from Hospitals). In 2. nd phase, 218 professionals from 50 Primary Healthcare Centres and 7 home care programmes. Method: Purposive sampling in was used in the1st phase, and randomized sampling in the 2. nd phase. Likert scales and focus group were used. RESULTS: A total of 19 skill categories were identified in the 1. st phase. In the 2. nd phase 3 metacategories were established: comprehensive patient-centered care, interprofessional organization, and inter-health care fields and interpersonal skills. CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to improve and secure the professionals relationships between levels of healthcare, continuity of healthcare, biopsychosocial model and holistic attention to patients and relatives, looking at emotions, expectations, feelings, beliefs and values. It is essential to design and implement continuing training in transferable skills in every healthcare centre, through active methodologies

[Transferable skills of healthcare professionals in providing homecare in chronically ill patients]. / Competencias transversales de los profesionales que facilitan atención domiciliaria a pacientes crónicos.

AIM: To determine the relevance level of non-technical skills of those professionals dedicated to the healthcare of patients with chronic diseases, from an analysis of home care professionals. DESIGN: Quantitative and qualitative research conducted in 2 phases: 1.st from November 2010 to March 2011 and 2.nd from December 2012 to August 2013. SETTING: Health Region of Barcelona city. PARTICIPANTS: During the 1.st phase, 30 professionals from homecare teams (3 from Primary Care and 3 from Hospitals). In 2.nd phase, 218 professionals from 50 Primary Healthcare Centres and 7 home care programmes. METHOD: Purposive sampling in was used in the1st phase, and randomized sampling in the 2.nd phase. Likert scales and focus group were used. RESULTS: A total of 19 skill categories were identified in the 1.st phase. In the 2.nd phase 3 metacategories were established: comprehensive patient-centered care, interprofessional organization, and inter-health care fields and interpersonal skills. CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to improve and secure the professionals relationships between levels of healthcare, continuity of healthcare, biopsychosocial model and holistic attention to patients and relatives, looking at emotions, expectations, feelings, beliefs and values. It is essential to design and implement continuing training in transferable skills in every healthcare centre, through active methodologies.

Distinguishing male juvenile offenders through personality traits, coping strategies, feelings of guilt and level of anger

On the basis of a comparative, descriptive, cross-sectional study, our aim was to determine differential traits of adolescent offenders with respect to personality traits, feelings of guilt, level of anger, and coping strategies. 128 adolescent residents of Barcelona (86 high school students and 42 young inmates aged between 16 and 18 years) replied to a variety of questionnaires (SC-35, EPQ-R, STAXI, ACS). Significant differences between the two groups were found. Young offenders present higher levels of guilt feelings, neuroticism, psychoticism, and trait anger. They also tend to repress their anger or, on the contrary, express it verbally and physically and use passive or avoidance coping strategies. Education and psychological therapy focussed on guilt may contribute to reduce recidivism (AU)

A partir de un estudio comparativo, descriptivo y transversal, se pretende conocer algunos rasgos diferenciales de adolescentes infractores en relación a la personalidad, el sentimiento de culpa, el nivel de ira y las estrategias de afrontamiento. Se administraron el SC-35, el EPQ-R, el STAXI y el ACS a 128 adolescentes de Barcelona (86 estudiantes y 42 infractores institucionalizados, de edades comprendidas entre los 16 y 18 años). Se observaron diferencias significativas entre los grupos estudiados. Los jóvenes infractores presentan niveles más elevados de culpa, neuroticismo, psicoticismo e ira rasgo. Así mismo, tienden a reprimir la ira o, por el contrario, a expresarla verbal y físicamente y acostumbran a utilizar estrategias de afrontamiento pasivas o de carácter evitativo. El trabajo psicológico y educativo sobre la culpa puede reducir la reincidencia (AU)

Distinguishing male offenders through juvenile personality traits, coping strategies, feelings of guilt and level of anger.

On the basis of a comparative, descriptive, cross-sectional study, our aim was to determine differential traits of adolescent offenders with respect to personality traits, feelings of guilt, level of anger, and coping strategies. 128 adolescent residents of Barcelona (86 high school students and 42 young inmates aged between 16 and 18 years) replied to a variety of questionnaires (SC-35, EPQ-R, STAXI, ACS). Significant differences between the two groups were found. Young offenders present higher levels of guilt feelings, neuroticism, psychoticism, and trait anger. They also tend to repress their anger or, on the contrary, express it verbally and physically and use passive or avoidance coping strategies. Education and psychological therapy focussed on guilt may contribute to reduce recidivism.