[Biodistribution of the recombinant heat shock protein rhHsp70 in intracranial C6 glioma models in Wistar rats and subcutaneos B16/F10 melanoma in C57BL/6 mice].

For the first time, the biodistribution of recombinant heat shock protein in rhHsp70 rats with grafted intracranial C6 glioma was evaluated. It was assessed using the fluorescent antibody accumulation chaperone rhHsp70 conjugated with fluorochrome Alexa Fluor 555 in tumor cells by intratumoral or intravenous administration. Assessment of the distribution and accumulation of labeled protein was carried out on the model of subcutaneous B16/F10 melanoma in C57BL/6 mice with the use of single-photon emission computer tomography. After 60 minutes after intravenous administration rhHsp70-I123 (20 MBq, 5 mg chaperone) accumulation of the drug mainly in the liver and tumor tissue was showed. The coefficient of the differential accumulation of the labeled protein KDN(tumor/background) was 3.14. It was turned out that comparing the level of fixation of rhHsp70-I123 in the liver and the tumor KDN(tumor/ liver) = 0.76. After 24 hours from the time of injection of rhHsp70-I123 it was observed increase the level of fixation of the labeled protein in the liver and melanoma: KDN(tumor/background) = 3.43; KDN(tumor/liver = 0.78.

[Role of 18F-FDG PET in tumor grading and evaluating effectiveness of therapy in malignant lymphomas].

The report compares the results of (multi-layer spiral computed tomography) (MSCT), 67 Ga citrate lymph scintigraphy and 18FDG PET in patients with Hodgkin's disease. The predictive significance of the latter method exceeded that of MSCT and ultrasound in diagnosing lymph node neoplasia below the diaphragm. As far as peripheral and mediastinal lymph nodes are concerned, the MSCT efficiency of the three procedures was comparable. Advantage was offered by PET in early evaluation of therapeutic effectiveness. Moreover, its practical significance for assessing tumor sensitivity to therapy as well as differentiation between viable tumor tissue and fibrosis was demonstrated.

[Role of 123-I-metaiodobenzylguanidine imaging as a component in the diagnosis and treatment of neuroblastoma].

Tomoscintigraphy with 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine reveals function of tumor tissue. It may be used for both primary diagnosis of neuroblastoma, monitoring treatment efficiency and prognosis. Before single photon emission tomography using 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine is undertaken, MRI by means of computed tomography should be carried out in abdominal area to ensure perfect blending of multimodal images.

[Clinical experience in using 18F-FDG PET in the staging and restaging of malignant lymphomas].

The present study was undertaken to determine the diagnostic accuracy of positron emission tomography (PET) in the staging and restaging of malignant lymphomas. For determination of the extent of a neoplastic process, complex radiation examination was conducted in 67 patients with malignant lymphomas. In 12 (17.9%) cases, the stage of the disease was changed, as evidenced by PET. There is evidence that the technique is of high diagnostic accuracy in detecting malignancies of l ymph nodes, skeletal system, and parenchymatous organs in lymphoproliferative diseases.

[Changes in secretion of sex steroid hormones during stress in rats with various brain excitability]. / Izmenenie sekretsii polovykh steroidnykh gormonov pri stresse u krys s raznoi vozbudimost'iu mozga.

A stress procedure decreased the plasma progesterone faster in highly excitable rats than in the less excitable those. The decrease in gonadal and adrenal progesterone was still obvious in 24 hours in both groups of rats but more obvious in the former group in respect to the progesterone level. The data obtained may help to understand individual ability to respond to a stress in a different way depending on functional condition of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis.

[The effect of local chemical sympathectomy of the rat uterus on its sensitivity to sex hormones]. / Vliianie mestnoi khimicheskoi desimpatizatsii matki krys na ee chuvstvitel'nost' k polovym gormonam.

Chemical sympathectomy of the rat uterus did not alter the main metabolic processes maintaining the uterus weight even though it changed its response to sex steroids. Sensitivity of endo- and myometrium to progesterone significantly decreased thus inducing a relative increase in the estradiol action.

[Early chemical sympathectomy and the function of the hypophyseal-gonadal system in sexually immature and adult female rats]. / Ranniaia khimicheskaia desimpatizatsiia i funktsiia gipofizarno-gonadnoi sistemy u nepolovozrelykh i vzroslykh samok krys.

Early chemical desympathisation with 6-hydroxydopamine decreased the contents of the follicle-stimulating hormone in the blood serum of 1-month old rats. The steroidogenesis disturbances were more obvious in sexually immature rats in the general desympathisation. In sexually mature rats, these disturbances disappeared. Sympathetic innervation seems to play a major part in development of the reproductive system in rats.

[The effect of postnatal sympathectomy on the production and receptor binding of sex steroids in female rats during puberty]. / Vliianie postnatal'noi desimpatizatsii na produktsiiu i retseptsiiu polovykh steroidov u samok krys v period pubertata.

The total chemical desympathization caused by injection of 6-hydroxydopamine in the first day of life increased the progesterone secretion, decreased the estradiol secretion and abolished translocation of estradiol receptors to the cell nuclei in the uterus of 1-2 days old rats, which correlated with the absence of uterus weight increase after exogenous estradiol injections. The peripheral desympathization caused by injection of neurotoxin to two weeks old rats induced only estradiol secretion decrease, but to the less extent than after total desympathization.

[Steroidogenesis in the adrenals and gonads of rats following the neonatal administration of hydrocortisone]. / Steroidogenez v nadpochechnikakh i gonadakh krys posle neonatal'nogo vvedeniia gidrokortizona.

Neonatal administration of hydrocortisone decrease steroidogenesis in the rat adrenals in immature and mature animals production of progesterone and androstenedione reducing, at that. Primary long-term disturbance of central regulatory influences controlling steroidogenesis in adrenals, was proposed. The steroid production disturbance in the gonads was lesser than in the adrenals and was found only in mature rats.

[Weak androgens, their importance experimentally and clinically]. / Slabye androgeny, ikh znachenie v éksperimente i klinike.

Antisera obtained for certain hormones possessed a high specific effect on homologous hormones. Radioimmunological methods were worked out for determination of these hormones in the blood serum of humans and animals. Clinical use of the above antisera for determination of dehydroepiandrosterone and androstenedione in humans revealed than it could be useful to determine dehydroepiandrosterone in some forms of hypogonadism. Androstenedione is often increased in female hirsutism.

[The content of sex steroid receptors and the activity of marker enzymes of estrogenic action in the uterus of androgen-sterile rats]. / Soderzhanie retseptorov polovykh steroidov i aktivnost' nekotorykh fermentov-markerov éstrogennogo deistviia v matke u androgensteril'nykh krys.

In rats with preserved ovaries, both in normal and in neonatally androgenized, the activity of enzymes kreatinphosphokinase and peroxidase cannot serve as the marker of the estradiol effect upon the uterus. In ovariectomised animals, the dynamics of activity of these enzymes corresponds to uterotropic responses to estradiol. but not to the dynamics of hormone receptor complexes. The data obtained makes doubtful the participation of the hormone receptor complexes in realisation of the estrogens effect upon the uterus.

[Feto-placental system in diabetes mellitus and hydramnios]. / Feto-platsentarnaia sistema pri sakharnom diabete i mnogovodii.

The fetoplacental system of 132 women with diabetes mellitus and 85 healthy women was studied during the third pregnancy trimester. Blood estradiol and urinary estriol levels were found-reduced in the diabetics, particularly in those with insulin-dependent diabetes. Blood progesterone and oxytocinase levels were found unchanged. These parameters lowered in diabetic glomerulosclerosis. If pregnant diabetics develop hydramnion, their blood estradiol, progesterone, prolactin, and oxytocinase levels increased.

[The effect of aminostimil on the regulation of sexual function in rats]. / Vliianie aminostimila na reguliatsiiu polovoi funktsii u krys.

The effect of aminostimil: a synthetic drug of the acylhydrazide group, was studied in white rats. Aminostimil decreased the uterus weight but did not interfere with estrogen positive action in ovariectomized (OVX) rats, although it increased the FSH level, abolished the inhibitory effect of estradiol on the FSH secretion and did not change the secretion of the LH. Aminostimil induced accumulation of GnRH in the preoptic area and median eminence area in intact female and male rats, LH concentration in the blood plasma but decreased. The data obtained suggest that the antiestrogenic effect of aminostimil is due to inhibition of the GnRH secretion from the hypothalamus into the portal blood.

[The ratio of sex hormone production by the ovaries and the adrenal cortex in different phases of the rat estrous cycle]. / Sootnoshenie produktsii polovykh gormonov iaichnikami i koroi nadpochechnikov v razlichnye fazy éstral'nogo tsikla u krys.

The biosynthesis of estradiol and testosterone was found to occur mainly in the ovaries (4-5 and 10-20 times more than in the adrenals during diestrus and proestrus, resp.). Estron and androstendion were produced equally in both glands. The estrogens and androgens were found to act as synergists in the stimulation of biosynthetic processes in the uterus. Their level in peripheral blood reflects less fully the character of hormonal function of the ovaries than study of these steroids in the incubates of the ovaries. The biosynthesis of progesterone in adrenals exceeds 2-3-fold that in the ovaries. No changes on production of this hormone depending on the cycle phase, were found.

[Critical periods in the pubertal development of girls]. / Kriticheskie periody v pubertal'nom razvitii devochek.

The authors analyze the results of physical and sexual development of girls at the pubertal period, as well as their blood levels of hormones participating in the growth regulation and characterizing the +hypophyseal-gonadal relations. A staged pattern of pubertal period is emphasized+ and the critical period singled out: the age of menarche onset and establishment of the ovulation cycle (at the age of 14-15).

[Hormonal regulation of reproductive function in rats in response to cold stress in a context of chronic toluene poisoning]. / Gormonal'naia reguliatsiia reproduktivnoi funktsii u krys pri kholodovom stresse na fone khronicheskoi intoksikatsii toluolom.

Chronic toluene inhalation at a maximum permissible concentration (MPC) and 10-fold higher as well as cold stress result in a significant rise of blood prolactin in female rats. Cold stress in control animals causes a decrease in the level of gonad-releasing hormone (Gn-RH) in the hypothalamus. When exposed to toluene this reaction disappears. In 4 hours after estradiol administration control animals demonstrate an increase in the level of Gn-RH in the vascular organ of an end plate. Rats, exposed to toluene (in MPC concentration) and cold stress show a decrease in the level of hypothalamic Gn-RH. At a higher concentration of toluene the level of Gn-RH in the hypothalamus remains unchanged either after estradiol administration or in cold stress. Thus chronic toluene inhalation even at small concentrations changes hypothalamic reactivity in response to stress and hormonal stimuli.

[The negative and positive phases of the reaction of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-gonadal system in female rats to the administration of sex hormones]. / Otritsatel'naia i polozhitel'naia fazy reaktsii gipotalamo-gipofizarno-gonadnoi sistemy samok krys na vvedenie polovykh gormonov.

I.m. administration of estradiol benzoat in physiological doses decreased 3-fold the lutropin secretion and follitropin secretion by one third, in ovariectomised rats. The same dose in intact rats decreases the lutropin level in the blood and gonadoliberin contents in the medial eminence by the negative feedback mechanism. In 4-6 hrs after injection the positive effect of estradiol is at its highest level, the lutropin level in the blood increases by 80-100 times, the follitropin--by 2-3 times. Therefore, estradiol plays a decisive role in positive as well as negative effects on the lutropin secretion, whereas its effect upon follitropin secretion is less obvious. The gonadoliberin transport in negative phase of estradiol effect is mainly performed through the medial eminence whereas the positive effect of estradiol needs a participation of organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis too.

[Physiologic mechanisms of the reaction of the reproductive system in female rats to chronic exposure to low doses of toluene]. / Fiziologicheskie mekhanizmy reaktsii reproduktivnoi sistemy samok krys na khronicheskoe vozdeistvie malykh doz toluola.

Chronic inhalation of toluol (2-4 months) did not affect the menstrual cycle in female rats but distorted the mechanisms of the reproduction control. The level of gonadoliberin decreased during dioestrus in preoptic area, the correlation between concentrations of luteinizing and folliculo-stimulating hormones became disordered, and the prolactin secretion increased. Preovular peaks of gonadotropins secretion became lower in proestrus. The cold stress increases the prolactin secretion and decreases the gonadoliberin content in the hypothalamus of control animals. These events do not happen after toluol inhalation. After 4 months of toluol inhalation, the levels of estradiol and progesterone decrease in the blood. However, normal response to gonadotropic stimulation is preserved which suggests a secondary character of hormonal disorders, in response to primary disturbances in the hypothalamo-hypophyseal link of the reproduction control.

[17 beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and creatine phosphokinase activities and the levels of sex hormones and their receptors in the uterus of patients with fibromyoma or endocrine sterility]. / Aktivnost' 17beta-gidroksisteroiddegidrogenazy, kreatinfosfokinazy, soderzhanie polovykh steroidov i ikh retseptorov v matke u bol'nykh s fibromiomoi ili éndokrinnym besplodiem.

Examination of endometrial and myometrial activity of steroidogenic enzyme markers, 17 beta-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase (17 beta-HOSD) and creatine phosphokinase (CP), in women with fibromyoma or endocrine infertility has demonstrated that endometrial 17 beta-HOSD activity corresponded to ovarian progesterone secretion rates but did not correlate with cytosolic progesterone secretion rates but did not correlate with cytosolic progesterone receptor levels. The magnitude of uterine effects of endogenous progesterone in the patients with endocrine infertility and fibromyoma may be inferred from (1) hormone ability to induce 17 beta-HOSD, and (2) ability to reduce cytosolic progesterone receptor levels. Neither endometrial nor myometrial CP represents a "pure" marker of estrogenic influence.