The epidemiological and mycological profile of superficial mycoses in india from 2015 to 2021: A systematic review.

Background: The epidemiological and mycological patterns of superficial mycoses across various geographic regions of India across the last few years are changing. Objective: This study was performed to evaluate the epidemiological and mycological profile of superficial mycoses in India between 2015 and 2021. Methods: In this systematic review, the PubMed database was searched for all observational studies published between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2021, which had evaluated the clinico-mycological profile of superficial mycoses among outpatients from various parts of India. Descriptive statistics was used to represent the results. Results: Forty studies (21 from the north, three from the northeast, five from the east, seven from the south, one from the west, and three from multiple regions of India) were included. Male patients and those of the age group of 21-40 years were most commonly affected. The proportion of dermatophytes as causative organisms was consistently high across all regions and throughout the study period (23.6%-100%). Among dermatophytes, the proportion of Trichophyton mentagrophyte (14.0%-97.2%) and Trichophyton rubrum (0%-69.1%) was consistently high across all regions. The prevalence of T. mentagrophyte showed a rising trend, while that T. rubrum showed a declining trend from 2015 to 2021. Conclusions: The epidemiological and mycological pattern of superficial mycoses showed a fairly similar trend across various regions of India from 2015 to 2021. Dermatophytes were the main causative agents of superficial mycoses; the most common species were T. mentagrophyte and T. rubrum. A rising trend of T. Mentagrophyte infection was found.

Effect of fibre-reinforced composite as a post-obturation restorative material on fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Fracture resistance of endodontically treated tooth is affected due to large cavity designs and access cavities and an appropriate material capable to resist fracture plays an important role. This review aims to evaluate the effect of fibre-reinforced composite (FRC) as a post-obturation material on fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth. OBJECTIVES: To systematically gather and evaluate the fracture resistance of fibre-reinforced composite as a post-obturation restorative material in endodontically treated teeth. DATA SOURCES: A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, Ebsco Host, Scopus, Google Scholar, Hinari and manual search library resources from 1st Jan 2000 to 30th November 2019 to identify appropriate studies. RESULT: A total of 157 articles were examined out of which 55 articles were selected after reading the title. After removing the duplicates, 27 articles were screened for abstract and 1 article was eliminated as it did not meet the eligibility criteria. A thorough reading of the full text of the remaining 26 selected articles was assessed for eligibility. Amongst these, 1 article was then excluded from the study as the full text was not accessible. Lastly, 25 articles were included in the study. CONCLUSION: FRC as a core material increases fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth but they do not have the fracture resistance similar to the intact tooth. Both polyethylene and short fibre-reinforced composites showed greater fracture resistance when compared to glass FRC and restoration without reinforcement. Also, the fracture resistance increases if restored with FRC along with retention slots and are placed on the occlusal third surfaces of cavities. Also, favourable fractures were most commonly seen and it usually occurred at the level of enamel and dentin and adhesive fractures were seen.