Management of the Transitional Urology Patient: the Role of the Adult Reconstructive Urologist.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Patients with congenital urologic conditions present unique challenges as adults. Herein, we review the literature relevant to the adult reconstructive urologist confronted with complex surgical concerns affecting their patients with a history of hypospadias, spina bifida, and other syndromes affecting the genitourinary tract. RECENT FINDINGS: Urethral stricture disease related to hypospadias is complex, but successful urethroplasty and penile curvature correction can be achieved with an anatomically minded approach. Multiple urinary diversion techniques can be considered in a patient-centered approach to bladder management in the adult spina bifida patient, but complications are common and revision surgeries are frequently required. Strong evidence is lacking for most surgical techniques in this population, but experiences reported by pediatric and adult urologists with genitourinary reconstruction training can help foster consensus in decision-making. Urologists trained in genitourinary reconstruction may be uniquely positioned to care for the transitional urology patient as they enter adolescence and adulthood.

Patient Education Is Associated With Reduced Delay to Presentation for Management of Ischemic Priapism: A Retrospective Review of 123 Men.

BACKGROUND: Adverse outcomes secondary to ischemic priapism (IP) are associated with time to presentation and management. AIM: To characterize patterns in presentation delay as a function of etiology and patient education regarding IP risk. METHODS: Following institutional review board approval, charts of IP patients presenting to our institution from 2010 to 2020 were reviewed. One episode of IP per patient was included for analysis. OUTCOMES: Priapism duration in patients presenting with IP. RESULTS: We identified 123 unique patients with IP. Common etiologies included erectogenic intracavernosal injection (24%), trazodone (16%), and other psychiatric medications (16%). Patients with sickle cell anemia or trait and intracavernosal injection-related IP presented sooner than idiopathic cases and those from psychiatric medication (P < .001). Etiology and provider education on IP risk were associated with presentation ≥ 24 hours. Upon multivariate analysis, only a lack of provider education was independently associated with presentation ≥ 24 hours. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Men who received provider-based education on the risk of IP associated with their condition or medication regimen were more likely to seek prompt medical attention for IP and, therefore, less likely to require surgery. STRENGTHS & LIMITATIONS: This manuscript represents one of the largest series on priapism, an area of urologic practice in need of more evidence-based guidance. The numbers are not inflated by including multiple episodes per patient, and the data collected include etiology, time to presentation, and treatment. Limitations include a retrospective chart review study design at a single institution. CONCLUSION: Educational initiatives on the risk of IP associated with particular disease states and medications should target at-risk individuals, as well as prescribers of medications associated with IP. Dutta1 R, Matz1 EL, Overholt TL, et al. Patient Education Is Associated With Reduced Delay to Presentation for Management of Ischemic Priapism: A Retrospective Review of 123 Men. J Sex Med 2021;18:385-390.

Intrasphincteric anastomotic urethroplasty allows preservation of continence in men with bulbomembranous urethral strictures following benign prostatic hyperplasia surgery.

PURPOSE: Injury to the external sphincter during urethroplasty at or near the membranous urethra can result in incontinence in men whose internal sphincter mechanism has been compromised by previous benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) surgery. We present outcomes of a novel reconstructive procedure, incorporating a recent anatomic discovery revealing a connective tissue sheath between the external sphincter and membranous urethra, which provides a surgical plane allowing for intrasphincteric bulbo-prostatic urethroplasty (ISBPA) with continence preservation. METHODS: Stricture at or near the membranous urethra after transurethral resection (TURP) or open simple prostatectomy (OSP) was reconstructed with ISBPA. The bulbomembranous junction is approached dorsally with a bulbar artery sparing approach and the external sphincter muscle is carefully reflected, exposing the wall of the membranous urethra. Gentle blunt dissection along this connective tissue plane allows separating the muscle away up to the prostatic apex, where healthy urethra is found for anastomosis. RESULTS: From January 2010 to August 2019, 40 men (18 after TURP and 22 after OSP) underwent ISBPA at a single institution. Mean age was 67 years (54-82). Mean stricture length was 2.6 cm (1-6) with obliterative stricture identified in 10 (25%). At a mean follow-up of 53 months (10-122), 36 men (90%) are free of stricture recurrence and 34 (85%) were completely dry or using one security pad. CONCLUSION: This novel intrasphincteric urethroplasty technique for stricture following BPH surgery is feasible and safe, allowing successful reconstruction with continence preservation in most patients. A larger series and reproduction in other centers is needed.

Sustained Glycemic Control Observed in Diabetic Men Who Improve Hemoglobin A1c Values to Allow for Elective Penile Prosthesis Placement.

OBJECTIVES: We hypothesize that men with diabetes mellitus whose inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) implantation is delayed for unacceptably high hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) will have durable improvements in their glycemic control after achieving acceptable HbA1c levels for surgery. METHODS: Per institutional protocol, an A1c <9% must be documented prior to IPP placement. After IRB approval, a single surgeon IPP database was retrospectively queried for data specific to diabetes mellitus management. Men without HbA1c values at ≥1-year follow-up were excluded. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed to assess associations with sustained HbA1c control. RESULTS: From January 2011 to March 2019, 138 diabetics undergoing IPP were identified. Thirty-seven were excluding for insufficient follow-up. Nineteen of the 101 analyzed men (18.8%) were delayed a median 4 months (range 2-17) for elevated HbA1c values (median 10.1, range 9.1-12.3). Following improvements, median preoperative HbA1c remained higher (8.2% vs 7.0%) in delayed men (P < .001). Among delayed recipients, 11 (58%) improved without medication changes while insulin was newly initiated (5) or dosage was increased (5) in 42%. At 32 months follow-up, a HbA1c <9% was similarly maintained in delayed and nondelayed men (74% vs 87%, P = .17). Delayed men more commonly required insulin therapy at follow-up (89.5% vs 54.9%, P = .008), but had a similar median change in BMI (+0.1 vs +0.1, P = .65). Device infection occurred in 1 nondelayed patient (0.7%). CONCLUSION: Men who improve HbA1c for IPP surgery are likely to demonstrate persistent improvement. IPP implantation appears to be safe in diabetic men with HbA1c <9%.