[Profiles and Characteristics of Mental Health Nurses in Community-Based Health Care for People with Mental Illness - Integrative Review and Thematic Framework Analysis]. / Profile und Merkmale psychiatrischer Pflegefachpersonen in der gemeindenahen Gesundheitsversorgung von Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen ­ Integratives Review und thematische Framework Analyse.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the specific scope of practice of community mental health nurses (CMHNs) across CMHN roles and care contexts. METHODS: Systematic literature searches in CINAHL, PubMed/Medline, Google and Google Scholar, supplemented by a search of various publishers' databases. Data were analyzed and synthesized using the framework analysis method. RESULTS: This paper identifies two role profiles in CMHN practice that describe distinct functions in the outpatient care of people with mental illness: (A) Primary Care CMHN and (B) Specialized Care CMHN. For each role profile, contextual factors and specific role content are described and analyzed for similarities and differences. CONCLUSIONS: The described role profiles can serve as a template for the development of curricula in the field of CMHN. It is important to consider the national context as well as the current and future need for psychosocial care.

[Psychosocial Care Demands and Possible Implications for the Role of Mental Health Nursing - Development of an Exemplary Future Scenario]. / Psychosoziale Versorgungsanforderungen und mögliche Implikationen auf die Rolle der Psychiatrischen Pflege ­ Entwicklung eines exemplarischen Zukunftsszenarios.

This study focuses on the development of a possible future scenario for mental health nursing in Germany. Based on the identified trends in mental health care, important implications for the design of future-oriented mental health nursing were identified and discussed. The developed model describes a type of mental health nursing that takes place on an "extended" or "advanced" level, close to the community and in a multi-professional setting in the living environment of the affected persons and their relatives. It integrates digital elements of mental health care, while practicing person-centered, diversity- and trauma-informed approaches. Although this describes an approach to mental health nursing that could meet the expected trends and developments in mental health care, critical discussion and reflected consensus on these ideas is needed in an interdisciplinary body.

Tasks and activities of Advanced Practice Nurses in the psychiatric and mental health care context: A systematic review and thematic analysis.

BACKGROUND: To adequately describe the advanced psychiatric nursing roles and to distinguish them from the other roles of psychiatric and general nursing care, it is necessary to explore the concrete tasks and activities and the scope of practice of Psychiatric Mental Health Advanced Practice Nurses (APN). OBJECTIVE: to extract, summarize and systematize the tasks and activities of the Psychiatric Mental Health APN from the international scientific literature. DESIGN: systematic literature review reported following the Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative Research (ENTREQ) statement and checklist. METHODS: The database search was performed using CINAHL, PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library and Google/Google Scholar databases. Literature sources in English and German, which reported tasks and activities of the Psychiatric Mental Health APNs were included in the analysis. No time restrictions were defined. Roles such as Community Mental Health Nurses and Public Mental Health Nurses were excluded from the analysis. Data were extracted by independent reviewers for qualitative thematic analysis. RESULTS: An extensive body of international literature on Psychiatric Mental Health APN sub-roles could be identified through a systematic literature search. Through our synthesis the main tasks and activities of Psychiatric Mental Health APNs could be identified and described. Altogether 46 items (practice dimensions) could be identified from the 20 sources and finally systematically summarized into six themes or "practice domains": (1) direct (clinical) nursing and care practice, (2) care coordination and case management, (3) psychosocial health promotion and prevention, (4) consulting, education and coaching, (5) leadership and public relations, and (6) research and practice development. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this review provide a thorough outline of the tasks and activities of the Psychiatric Mental Health APN. Thus, the results reported here form the basis for a further differentiation of the tasks and activities of the Psychiatric Mental Health APNs from the basic nursing activities as well as tasks and activities of the generalist APNs. In this context, however, an attempt should be made to increase the specificity of the settings by including the tasks and activities of the community and public mental health nurses.

[Advanced Nursing Practice in the Psychiatric and Mental Health Context - Overview and Comparison of the Different Advanced Psychiatric Nursing Roles]. / Advanced Nursing Practice im psychiatrisch-psychosozialen Kontext.

OBJECTIVES: Informative and insightful overview of the concept of Advanced Nursing Practice (ANP) and its specific facets with a focus on the psychiatric and mental health care context. METHODS: Systematic literature search in specific electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Google and GoogleScholar) and synthesis of identified sources based on Mayring's structuring content analysis. RESULTS: In the psychiatric and mental health context, the Clinical Nurse Specialist and Nurse Practitioner are the classic roles of Advanced Nursing Practice. Their educational training, tasks and activities as well as their field of work show many similarities. In addition to the core elements of the ANP roles, there are strong individual characteristics depending on the work setting and patient population. CONCLUSIONS: It is important that the international experience of role development and implementation as well as the specific fields of action are integrated into the German-speaking area. This will allow specialized, expanded and advanced psychiatric care to be established effectively and on a long-term basis in German-speaking countries.

[Track treatment in psychiatry: the CIMH track model to overcome sector boundaries]. / Track-Behandlung in der Psychiatrie: das ZI-Track-Modell zur Überwindung von Sektorengrenzen.

The overall conditions for the treatment of patients with psychiatric disorders have changed and place new demands on therapy concepts and procedures. This concerns both the legal conditions of the treatment as well as the content and economic conditions for a patient-oriented diagnostic work-up and therapy. The Central Institute for Mental Health (CIMH) in Mannheim is currently implementing a track concept that takes these changes into account and aims to overcome sectoral boundaries in favor of treatment continuity.

[Tasks and Activities of Nurses in Inpatient General Psychiatry - Results of a Delphi-Study]. / Aufgaben und Tätigkeiten der Pflege in der stationären Allgemeinpsychiatrie ­ Ergebnisse einer Delphi-Studie.

OBJECTIVES: To find a consensus of tasks and activities of nursing in inpatient general psychiatry. METHODS: Delphi survey for consensus finding with n = 235 (round 1) and n = 193 (round 2) experts of psychiatric nursing. RESULTS: Overall, a consensus based on expert opinion regarding the tasks and activities of nursing in inpatient general psychiatry, consisting of 79 items, was generated. CONCLUSIONS: Further research is needed regarding to the tasks and activities of nursing in special psychiatric and mental health settings and to the minimum qualification requirements of psychiatric nurses.

Nursing management of sensory overload in psychiatry ­ Theoretical densification and modification of the framework model / Der pflegerische Umgang mit Reizüberflutung in der Psychiatrie. Theoretische Verdichtung und Modifikation des Rahmenmodells

Background: Within the scope of the research project on the subjects of sensory overload and stimulus regulation, a theoretical framework model of the nursing care of patients with sensory overload in psychiatry was developed. In a second step, this theoretical model should now be theoretically compressed and, if necessary, modified. Aim: Empirical verification as well as modification, enhancement and theoretical densification of the framework model of nursing care of patients with sensory overload in psychiatry. Method: Analysis of 8 expert interviews by summarizing and structuring content analysis methods based on Meuser and Nagel (2009) as well as Mayring (2010). Results: The developed framework model (Scheydt et al., 2016b) could be empirically verified, theoretically densificated and extended by one category (perception modulation). Thus, four categories of nursing care of patients with sensory overload can be described in inpatient psychiatry: removal from stimuli, modulation of environmental factors, perceptual modulation as well as help somebody to help him- or herself / coping support. Conclusions: Based on the methodological approach, a relatively well-saturated, credible conceptualization of a theoretical model for the description of the nursing care of patients with sensory overload in stationary psychiatry could be worked out. In further steps, these measures have to be further developed, implemented and evaluated regarding to their efficacy.

Sensory overload: A concept analysis.

In the context of mental disorders sensory overload is a widely described phenomenon used in conjunction with psychiatric interventions such as removal from stimuli. However, the theoretical foundation of sensory overload as addressed in the literature can be described as insufficient and fragmentary. To date, the concept of sensory overload has not yet been sufficiently specified or analyzed. The aim of the study was to analyze the concept of sensory overload in mental health care. A literature search was undertaken using specific electronic databases, specific journals and websites, hand searches, specific library catalogues, and electronic publishing databases. Walker and Avant's method of concept analysis was used to analyze the sources included in the analysis. All aspects of the method of Walker and Avant were covered in this concept analysis. The conceptual understanding has become more focused, the defining attributes, influencing factors and consequences are described and empirical referents identified. The concept analysis is a first step in the development of a middle-range descriptive theory of sensory overload based on social scientific and stress-theoretical approaches. This specification may serve as a fundament for further research, for the development of a nursing diagnosis or for guidelines.

[Possible Signs of Sensory Overload]. / Mögliche Kennzeichen der Reizüberflutung.

Objective To identify, synthesize and structure the defining characteristics of overstimulation. Methods The literature search was conducted in relevant international databases (Pubmed, Medline, CINAHL, Psyndex, PsycArticles, PsychINFO). The literature analysis was conducted according to Mayring's method of qualitative content analysis. Results Despite the scanty data available on symptoms or effects of sensory overload, twelve literature-sources were identified, describing signs and symptoms of sensory overload. A cluster of psychopathological and behavioral characteristics of sensory overload was developed. Conclusions Further research is needed to obtain an evidence-based description of the defining characteristics of sensory overload.

Nursing management of sensory overload in psychiatry ­ development of a theoretical framework model / Der pflegerische Umgang mit Reizüberflutung in der Psychiatrie - Entwicklung eines theoretischen Bezugsrahmens

Background: The concept of "removal from stimuli" has already been examined by a Delphi-Study. However, some knowledge gaps remained open, which have now been further investigated. Aim: Examination of the concept "management of sensory overload in inpatient psychiatry" including its sub-concepts and specific measures. Method: Analysis of qualitative data about "removal from stimuli" by content analysis according to Mayring. Results: A theoretical description and definition of the concept could be achieved. In addition, sub-concepts (removal from stimuli, modulation of environmental factors, help somebody to help him-/herself) could be identified, theoretical defined and complemented by possible specific measures. Conclusions: The conceptual descriptions provide a further step to raise awareness of professionals in the subject area. Furthermore, we created a theoretical basis for further empirical studies.

[The Perception of "Reizabschirmung" (Removal from Stimuli) in Inpatient Psychiatry]. / Das Verständnis von "Reizabschirmung" in der stationären Psychiatrie.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to narrow down the topic area and to generate a heuristic understanding of "Reizabschirmung" (removal from stimuli) in the German-speaking countries based on clinical expertise. METHODS: The Delphi-Method of consensus building within an expert panel was selected. RESULTS: The consensus found on some aspects lead to a reduction of the scope of the topic and a first approximation towards a conceptual definition of "Reizabschirmung" was generated. CONCLUSIONS: The perception of "Reizabschirmung" in the German-speaking countries is presented. However, further research is needed for precise concept clarification and elaboration.