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1.
Phys Rev Lett ; 114(17): 170505, 2015 May 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25978216

RESUMEN

The phenomenon of many-body localization has received a lot of attention recently, both for its implications in condensed-matter physics of allowing systems to be an insulator even at nonzero temperature as well as in the context of the foundations of quantum statistical mechanics, providing examples of systems showing the absence of thermalization following out-of-equilibrium dynamics. In this work, we establish a novel link between dynamical properties--a vanishing group velocity and the absence of transport--with entanglement properties of individual eigenvectors. For systems with a generic spectrum, we prove that strong dynamical localization implies that all of its many-body eigenvectors have clustering correlations. The same is true for parts of the spectrum, thus allowing for the existence of a mobility edge above which transport is possible. In one dimension these results directly imply an entanglement area law; hence, the eigenvectors can be efficiently approximated by matrix-product states.

2.
Artículo en Alemán | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24737181

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to determine inter- and intraobserver agreement for transabdominal ultrasonographic measurements of the intestinal wall in dogs without gastrointestinal diseases. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This prospective study included 30 dogs diagnosed with a non-gastrointestinal disease and were evaluated using a transabdominal ultrasound scan in our clinic. Transverse ultrasonographic images for each segment (duodenum, jejunum, colon descendens) were obtained. These images were masked, randomized and imported as DICOM files in the OsiriX® version 5.0 program for Mac Os X. Two observers independently determined the intestinal wall thicknesses using the software inherent measurement tools. The measurements were repeated five times for each segment in all patients on 4 consecutive days. Therefore, each observer performed 1800 measurements, and 3600 measurements in total were analyzed. RESULTS: The mean values for each intestinal segment were comparable to those in the literature. The statistical analyses showed a significant positive correlation (p  <  0.01) for the inter- and intraobserver measurements at all intestinal locations. There was very high intraobserver repeatability for the measurements, with deviations of <  10%. In addition, the study displayed good interobserver reproducibility for the measurements of all intestinal segments, with variances of <  20% for the duodenum and jejunum, and <  50% for the colonic wall thickness. Even with these variances the interobserver variability for all segments was much less than the mean deviance between normal and diseased dogs. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Transabdominal ultrasonography is a practicable tool to assess intestinal wall thickness and integrity in small animal medicine. Our results are comparable to established reference ranges for the normal canine intestinal wall thickness. In addition, we found a good inter- and intraobserver agreement for the measurements of the canine wall thicknesses in dogs without gastrointestinal diseases.


Asunto(s)
Perros/anatomía & histología , Intestinos/diagnóstico por imagen , Ultrasonografía/veterinaria , Animales , Variaciones Dependientes del Observador , Estudios Prospectivos , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Ultrasonografía/métodos , Ultrasonografía/normas
3.
Phys Rev Lett ; 109(10): 100502, 2012 Sep 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23005270

RESUMEN

We provide a security analysis for continuous variable quantum key distribution protocols based on the transmission of two-mode squeezed vacuum states measured via homodyne detection. We employ a version of the entropic uncertainty relation for smooth entropies to give a lower bound on the number of secret bits which can be extracted from a finite number of runs of the protocol. This bound is valid under general coherent attacks, and gives rise to keys which are composably secure. For comparison, we also give a lower bound valid under the assumption of collective attacks. For both scenarios, we find positive key rates using experimental parameters reachable today.

4.
Neurogenetics ; 6(1): 29-35, 2005 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15655674

RESUMEN

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) are common X-chromosomal recessive disorders caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene. Using the novel multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) method we performed retrospective and prospective analyses in a total of 193 individuals. Deletions or duplications were identified in 14 out of 90 families previously tested negative by multiplex PCR or FISH analysis. Partially incorrect results were subsequently identified in two families: the loss of exon 38 signal in one case was due to a p.Q1802X nonsense mutation, whilst in another patient an apparent deletion of exon 37 (coinciding with a duplication of exons 46-53) was caused by a p.R1735C polymorphism. In one case we found a complex rearrangement involving a duplication of two regions: dupEX45-48 and dupEX54-55. We conclude that MLPA is a highly sensitive and rapid alternative to multiplex PCR. It can be used on blood samples, chorionic villi and paraffin-embedded tissue. The ease of detection of duplications and the application for female carrier analysis are clearly the main advantages of the method. However, apparent single exon deletions detected by MLPA should be checked by an independent method. Complex rearrangements such as double mutations on the same allele are rare.


Asunto(s)
Distrofina/genética , Duplicación de Gen , Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne/genética , Mutación , Eliminación de Secuencia , Cartilla de ADN , Exones , Femenino , Amplificación de Genes , Reordenamiento Génico , Tamización de Portadores Genéticos , Humanos , Masculino , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Repeticiones de Trinucleótidos
5.
Brain Res ; 879(1-2): 204-15, 2000 Oct 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11011024

RESUMEN

We investigated the basal ganglia, motor cortex area 4, and supplementary motor area (SMA) using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and five motor tasks: switching between finger and toe movements, writing, finger tapping, pronation/supination, and saccadic eye movements. We found reliable activation in the caudate nucleus and putamen in single subjects without the need for inter-subject averaging. Percent signal changes in basal ganglia were smaller by a factor of three than those in SMA or motor cortex (1% vs. 2.5-3%). There was a definite foot-dorsal, hand-ventral basal ganglia somatotopy, similar to prior data from primates. Saccadic eye movements activated the caudate nucleus significantly more than the other tasks did. Unilateral movements produced bilateral activation in the striatum even when motor cortex activation was unilateral. Surprisingly, bilateral performance of the tasks led, on average, to consistently smaller basal ganglia activation than did unilateral performance (P<0.001), suggesting less inhibition of contralateral movements during bilateral tasks. Moreover, there was a striking dominance pattern in basal ganglia motor activation: the left basal ganglia were more active than the right for right handers, regardless of the hand used. This lateralization appears much stronger than that previously reported for motor cortex. Comparisons of inter-subject and intra-subject reproducibility indicated a much larger variability in basal ganglia and SMA compared to motor cortex, in spite of similar percent signal changes in the latter two structures.


Asunto(s)
Ganglios Basales/fisiología , Mapeo Encefálico/métodos , Actividad Motora/fisiología , Corteza Motora/fisiología , Desempeño Psicomotor/fisiología , Tálamo/fisiología , Adulto , Femenino , Dedos/inervación , Lateralidad Funcional , Mano/inervación , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Movimientos Sacádicos , Dedos del Pie/inervación
6.
Nutr Hosp ; 15(3): 93-6, 2000.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10920679

RESUMEN

PROPOSAL: Tumoural disease leads to multifactorial cancerous cachexia. There are still few data available on the onset of this syndrome in operable patients, despite the repercussions on prognosis and the indication of nutritional support. GOAL: In this prospective study, we are considering the assessment of nutritional status in the light of the Chang protocol in with gastrointestinal tumours patients, as well as the possible differences depending on the location of the tumour, its progress, and the onset of septic complications. With this approach, we attempt to specify the indication of postoperative nutritional support. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The nutritional assessment protocol existing in the Department was reviewed as applied to 105 patients affected by oesophageal, gastric, pancreatic and colo-rectal cancer. This protocol included the ideal weight percentage (%IW), tricipital fold (TSF), arm muscle circumference (AMC), total albumin and lymphocytes (Chang protocol), as well as urea nitrogen. The database used was created in File Maker Pro running on a Macintosh computer and supported by the StatView programme for the statistical analysis of the results. RESULTS: There were 61 colo-rectal, 18 gastric, 17 oesophageal and 9 pancreatic carcinomas. There was some degree of malnutrition in 52.4% of patients but it was not severe in any case. An outstanding result is the percentage of ideal weight in excess of 100% on average in all of the groups, with little variation in the arm muscle circumference, as is the lower tricipital fold in the oesophageal and pancreatic cases. Albumin was significantly lower in gastric carcinoma cases and lymphocytes showed a correlation with the progress of the tumour and also with the onset of septic complications. The excretion of urea nitrogen did not reveal significant differences. In stages I and II, the patients were normally nourished or with marasmus, so that the only malnutrition found was of the kwashiorkor type and combined with stages III and IV. CONCLUSIONS: There is 52.4% of malnutrition in our surgically resectable digestive oncology patients using the Chang protocol, not susceptible of preoperative renourishment. This is found irregularly depending on the location and stage of the tumour. The total lymphocytes prior to surgery represented an independent variable which correlated with septic complications.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias del Sistema Digestivo/metabolismo , Evaluación Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Antropometría , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Neoplasias del Sistema Digestivo/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos
7.
Radiology ; 216(3): 665-71, 2000 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10966693

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To determine the value of magnetic resonance (MR) sialography for the diagnosis of sialolithiasis by comparing results prospectively with those of ultrasonography (US) and digital sialography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR sialography was prospectively performed with T2-weighted three-dimensional (3D) constructive interference in steady-state (CISS) and rapid acquisition with relaxation-enhancement (RARE) sequences in 24 patients suspected of having sialolithiasis. Evoked salivation was used as contrast material. T1-weighted spin-echo and T2-weighted turbo spin-echo MR imaging also were performed. The results were then compared with those of US and digital sialography, with the latter as standard of reference. RESULTS: The 3D CISS images were significantly (P: <.05) superior to RARE images for demonstrating the submandibular ductal system, followed by T2-weighted turbo spin-echo images (P: <.01) and T1-weighted spin-echo images (P: <.001). The sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 80%, respectively, for CISS MR sialography and 80% and 100%, respectively, for RARE MR imaging. The sensitivity and specificity of US were both 80%. CONCLUSION: MR sialography with evoked salivation is noninvasive and allows delineation of the submandibular ductal system and detection of sialoliths with accuracy that is similar to that of digital sialography and superior to that of US.


Asunto(s)
Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Cálculos del Conducto Salival/diagnóstico , Sialografía , Enfermedades de la Glándula Submandibular/diagnóstico , Ultrasonografía , Humanos , Aumento de la Imagen , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador , Estudios Prospectivos , Sensibilidad y Especificidad
8.
Nutr. hosp ; 15(3): 93-96, mayo 2000. tab
Artículo en Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-13384

RESUMEN

Planteamiento. La enfermedad tumoral aboca a la caquexia cancerosa de causa multifactorial. Existen aún pocos datos sobre el momento evolutivo de este cuadro en el paciente quirúrgico resecable, a pesar de su repercusión sobre pronóstico e indicación de apoyo nutricional.Objetivo. En este estudio prospectivo, nos planteamos valorar el estado nutricional a la luz del protocolo de Chang en pacientes oncológicos digestivos, así como las eventuales diferencias en función de localización del tumor, su estadio y la aparición de complicaciones sépticas. Con ello, tratamos de precisar indicación de apoyo nutricional perioperatorio.Material y método. Se revisó el protocolo de evaluación nutricional existente en el servicio aplicado a 105 pacientes afectos de carcinoma esofágico, gástrico, pancreático y colorrectal. Dicho protocolo incluye porcentaje de peso ideal ( por ciento PI), pliegue tricipital (TSF), circunferencia muscular del brazo (CMB), albúmina y linfocitos totales -protocolo de Chang-, así como nitrógeno ureico. La base de datos utilizada ha sido elaborada en File Maker Pro, operante en ordenador Macintosh, y apoyada por el programa StatView para análisis estadístico de resultados.Resultados. Hubo 61 carcinomas colorrectales, 18 gástricos, 17 esofágicos y 9 pancreáticos. Algún grado de desnutrición en el 52,4 de los pacientes, pero en ningún caso fue grave. Destaca un porcentaje del peso ideal superior al 100 por ciento de media en todos los grupos, con escasa variación de circunferencia muscular del brazo, y pliegue tricipital más bajo en los esofágicos y pancreáticos. La albúmina fue significativamente más baja en los gástricos y los linfocitos se correlacionaron con el estadio, así como con la aparición de complicaciones sépticas. La excreción de N ureico no mostró diferencias significativas. En estadio I y II, los pacientes se hallaban normonutridos o con marasmo, de modo que sólo se hallaron desnutriciones tipo kwashiorkor y combinada en estadios III y IV.Conclusiones. Existe un 52,4 por ciento de desnutrición en nuestros pacientes oncológicos digestivos resecables según protocolo de Chang, no tributaria de renutrición preoperatorio. Se manifiesta de forma desigual en función de ubicación y estadio tumoral. Los linfocitos totales preoperatorios fueron variable independiente que correlacionó con complicaciones sépticas (AU)


Proposal. Tumoural disease leads to multifactorial cancerous cachexia. There are still few data available on the onset of this syndrome in operable patients, despite the repercussions on prognosis and the indication of nutritional support. Goal. In this prospective study, we are considering the assessment of nutritional status in the light of the Chang protocol in with gastrointestinal tumours patients, as well as the possible differences depending on the location of the tumour, its progress, and the onset of septic complications. With this approach, we attempt to specify the indication of postoperative nutritional support. Materials and method. The nutritional assessment protocol existing in the Department was reviewed as applied to 105 patients affected by oesophagic, gastric, pancreatic and colorectal cancer. This protocol included the ideal weight percentage (%IW), tricipital fold (TSF), arm muscle circumference (AMC), total albumin and lymphocytes (Chang protocol), as well as ureic nitrogen. The database used was created in File Maker Pro running on a Macintosh computer and supported by the StatView programme for the statistical analysis of the results. Results. There were 61 colorectal, 18 gastric, 17 oesophagic and 9 pancreatic carcinomas. There was some degree of malnutrition in 52.4% of patients but it was not severe in any case. An outstanding result is the percentage of ideal weight in excess of 100% on average in all of the groups, with little variation in the arm muscle circumference, as is the lower tricipital fold in the oesophagic and pancreatic cases. Albumin was significantly lower in gastric carcinoma cases and lymphocytes showed a correlation with the progress of the tumour and also with the onset of septic complications. The excretion of ureic nitrogen did not reveal significant differences. In stages I and II, the patients were normally nourished or with marasmus, so that the only malnutrition found was of the kwashiorkor type and combined with stages III and IV. Conclusions. There is 52.4% of malnutrition in our surgically resectable digestive oncology patients using the Chang protocol, not susceptible of preoperatory renourishment. This is found irregularly depending on the location and stage of the tumor. The total lymphocytes prior to surgery represented an independent variable which correlated with septic complications (AU)


Asunto(s)
Persona de Mediana Edad , Masculino , Femenino , Humanos , Evaluación Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Estudios Prospectivos , Antropometría , Neoplasias del Sistema Digestivo
9.
Z Naturforsch C J Biosci ; 52(5-6): 364-72, 1997.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9232893

RESUMEN

The yield of single-strand breaks (ssb) and double-strand breaks (dsb) produced by alpha-particles at the end of their track in DNA-films was determined experimentally. Helium nuclei were accelerated to 600 keV in the 400 kV ion accelerator and scattered at a carbon target. The elastically scattered alpha-particles with energies of 344 keV and 485 keV were used to irradiate supercircular plasmid DNA in vacuo. For the dosimetry of the alpha-particles a surface barrier detector was used and the energy distribution of the alpha-particles determined. The energy loss of the particles in the DNA-layer was calculated. DNA samples were separated into the three conformational isomers using agarose gel electrophoresis. After fluorochromation the number of ssb and dsb per plasmid DNA molecule was established from the band intensities assuming the validity of Poisson statistics. Linear dose effect correlations were found for ssb and dsb per plasmid molecule. In the case of 344 keV-alpha-particles the yield of dsb was (8.6 +/- 0.9) x 10(-11) breaks/Gy x dalton. The ratio of ssb/dsb was 0.5 +/- 0.2. This is at least a factor of six larger than the ratio found in experiments with higher energy alpha-particles and from model calculations. Similar experiments with protons yielded a relative biological effectiveness (rbe) value of 2.8 for the induction of double-strand breaks by track end alpha-particles.


Asunto(s)
Partículas alfa , Daño del ADN , Plásmidos/efectos de la radiación , ADN de Cadena Simple/efectos de la radiación , Relación Dosis-Respuesta en la Radiación , Escherichia coli/genética , Conformación de Ácido Nucleico , Aceleradores de Partículas , Plásmidos/química , Protones
11.
Lancet ; 2(8625): 1407-11, 1988 Dec 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2904532

RESUMEN

A structured treatment and teaching programme for non-insulin-treated non-insulin-dependent (type 2) diabetes was evaluated prospectively in general practice. The four group sessions were mainly conducted by paramedical personnel. 65 patients from five general practices were assessed at the start of the programme and 50 (mean age 65 years, diabetes duration 7 years) completed the 1 year follow-up (intervention group). The control group consisted of 49 patients (mean age 63 years, diabetes duration 7 years) from three other general practices without the programme. In the intervention group the percentage of patients receiving sulfonylureas fell from 68% at the start of the study to 38% after 1 year (mean difference 30%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 16-44%); the mean weight loss was 2.7 kg (95% CI 1.6-3.8 kg), and non-fasting triglycerides were reduced by 0.77 mmol/1 (95% CI 0.35-1.19 mmol/l); and glycosylated haemoglobin remained unchanged (7.1% of total haemoglobin). In the control group none of these indices was changed during the study year, and 10% of patients started insulin treatment. The structured treatment and teaching programme improved the overall quality of patient care in elderly non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients treated by general practitioners.


Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/terapia , Educación del Paciente como Asunto/métodos , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Peso Corporal , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Enfermedades del Pie/prevención & control , Alemania Occidental , Hemoglobina Glucada/análisis , Glucosuria/orina , Humanos , Hipoglucemiantes/sangre , Hipoglucemiantes/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Compuestos de Sulfonilurea/sangre , Compuestos de Sulfonilurea/uso terapéutico , Triglicéridos/sangre
12.
Z Urol Nephrol ; 81(10): 629-33, 1988 Oct.
Artículo en Alemán | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3239276

RESUMEN

The function of an arterio-venous vascular access is influenced by vascular material, hemodynamics, blood coagulation and technique and number of punctures. By careful intraoperative handling, optimal postoperative care and treatment of the vascular access during and after hemodialysis the functional duration may be influenced effectively. The technique of puncture, the puncture cannula and the skill of the "puncture" are of great importance.


Asunto(s)
Derivación Arteriovenosa Quirúrgica , Oclusión de Injerto Vascular/etiología , Diálisis Renal , Humanos , Cuidados Posoperatorios , Factores de Riesgo
13.
Diabetologia ; 30(9): 681-90, 1987 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3123298

RESUMEN

It has been questioned whether aiming at near-normoglycaemia by intensified insulin treatment regimens is feasible and safe for the majority of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes. In this study, intensified insulin injection therapy (including blood glucose self-monitoring and multiple insulin injections) based upon a 5-day inpatient group teaching programme was evaluated in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in the centralised health care system of Bucharest. One hundred patients (group A, initial HbA1 12.5%) were followed for 1 year on their standard therapy (individual teaching, no metabolic self-monitoring), and thereafter for 1 year on intensified therapy. Another 100 patients (group B, HbA1 12.3%) were followed for 2 years on intensified therapy. A third 100 patients (group C, HbA1 11.7%) were assigned to a basic 4-day inpatient group teaching programme with conventional insulin therapy (including self-monitoring of glucosuria and acetonuria) and followed for 1 year. Mean HbA1 remained unchanged after standard treatment (group A: 12.8% at 12 months), but decreased during intensified therapy (group A: 10.1% at 24 months; group B: 9.3% at 12 months, 9.5% at 24 months; p less than 0.0001). In group C, no change was found compared to standard treatment (i.e. group A at 12 months). Incidence rates of ketoacidosis were 0.16 episodes per patient per year during standard treatment, 0.01 during intensified treatment (p less than 0.01) and 0.04 in group C (p less than 0.025). Hospitalisation rates were reduced by 60% during intensified therapy and by 40% in group C. Frequency of severe hypoglycaemia was not significantly different between the three treatment regimens. Thus, under the condition that insulin treatment is based upon a structured and comprehensive training of the patient, intensified insulin injection therapy performed as routine treatment of Type 1 diabetes significantly lowers HbA1 levels without increasing the risk of severe hypoglycaemia.


Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/terapia , Insulina/administración & dosificación , Educación del Paciente como Asunto/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Glucemia/metabolismo , Terapia Combinada , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/sangre , Cetoacidosis Diabética/terapia , Esquema de Medicación , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Hemoglobina Glucada/metabolismo , Humanos , Masculino
14.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr ; 111(22): 854-7, 1986 May 30.
Artículo en Alemán | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3709358

RESUMEN

Objective data on duration of hospital stay and of incapacity to work were collected for 137 type I diabetics who had taken part in a structured diabetes treatment and training scheme. Before the training period the average hospital stay had been 0.76 per patient per year, duration per stay 21 days, number of episodes of work incapacity 1.6 per patient per year, duration of incapacity 23.6 days. For a subgroup of patients (62) the influence of the training programme could be demonstrated: hospital stay fell to 0.49 per patient per year, duration per stay to 12.0 days, number of incapacity episodes to 1.4 per patient per year, and the days lost from work to 12.1 per patient per year.


Asunto(s)
Absentismo , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/rehabilitación , Tiempo de Internación , Educación del Paciente como Asunto , Adulto , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/economía , Femenino , Hospitalización , Humanos , Seguro de Salud , Masculino , Evaluación de Capacidad de Trabajo
15.
Diabetes Care ; 8(3): 268-73, 1985.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-4006660

RESUMEN

The risk of severe hypoglycemia associated with the particular therapeutic approach of two University hospitals was assessed in 96% of all patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who had been admitted during a period of almost 3 yr to the diabetic wards of two hospitals and who participated in a structured teaching and treatment program. During a mean follow-up period of 18 mo, 10% of the conventionally treated patients (N = 384; age 30 +/- 13 yr; duration of diabetes 12 +/- 9 yr) and 9% of the CSII-treated patients (N = 50, age 28 +/- 7 yr, duration of diabetes 13 +/- 7 yr, total follow-up period 1093 patient-mo) experienced at least one severe hypoglycemic episode per year, and a total of 123 severe hypoglycemic episodes occurred. In a subgroup of 169 conventionally treated patients, mean glycosylated hemoglobin values decreased from 10.5 +/- 1.9% before participation in the program to 9.2 +/- 2.0% (P less than 0.001) 18 +/- 4 mo thereafter. For the CSII-treated patients, glycosylated hemoglobin values were 9.7 +/- 1.9% before initiation of pump therapy and remained at the upper normal range from 3 mo thereafter throughout the study. There was no relationship between glycosylated hemoglobin levels and the occurrence of severe hypoglycemic episodes. Fifty-three severe hypoglycemic episodes were treated with glucagon injections by the patients' relatives (all but one effectively), 30 were managed by assisting physicians, and 44 led to hospitalization. Thus, successful attempts to improve glycosylated hemoglobin values in an unselected group of patients with IDDM were not associated with an unduly high risk of severe hypoglycemia when compared with the scarce data from the literature.


Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/complicaciones , Hipoglucemia/etiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/sangre , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/tratamiento farmacológico , Glucagón/uso terapéutico , Hemoglobina Glucada/metabolismo , Humanos , Hipoglucemia/sangre , Hipoglucemia/tratamiento farmacológico , Sistemas de Infusión de Insulina/efectos adversos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Riesgo
17.
Diabetologia ; 25(6): 470-6, 1983 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6363175

RESUMEN

In two hospitals an identical diabetes teaching and treatment programme (in-patient, Monday to Friday, group teaching) was set up. Seventy-eight consecutive, conventionally treated Type 1 diabetic patients (duration of diabetes 10 +/- 6 years), referred during a certain period, were reinvestigated after 1 year, and again (for assessment of metabolic control only) 22 months after the teaching and treatment programme. Initially, mean glycosylated haemoglobin was 2.6%, after one year 1.0%, and after 22 months 1.5% above the upper limit of the normal range (p less than 0.001). Hospital admissions were reduced from a mean of 10 to a median of 1 day per patient per year (p less than 0.001). The long-term quality of diabetes care achieved by the diabetes teaching and treatment programme was unrelated to intelligence quotient, diabetes duration, or diabetes-related knowledge. Patients with normal levels of glycosylated haemoglobin on follow-up (33% of all patients) had particularly good compliance rates, and significantly lower initial values of glycosylated haemoglobin than patients with glycosylated haemoglobin levels greater than or equal to 10%. The data indicate that the diabetes teaching and treatment programme resulted in a substantial long-term improvement of metabolic control and a striking reduction of hospital admissions. The study substantiates the feasibility of applying this teaching and treatment programme on a large scale to other hospitals, so as to improve the quality of diabetes care and decrease health care costs.


Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/terapia , Educación del Paciente como Asunto , Adolescente , Adulto , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/sangre , Estudios de Evaluación como Asunto , Estudios de Seguimiento , Hemoglobina Glucada/metabolismo , Humanos , Hipoglucemia/inducido químicamente , Insulina/efectos adversos , Insulina/uso terapéutico , Cooperación del Paciente
18.
Z Erkr Atmungsorgane ; 156(2): 141-50, 1981.
Artículo en Alemán | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6789565

RESUMEN

Intermittent positive pressure breathing combined with therapeutic aerosol inhalation (IPPB/I) was applied to improve the preoperative respiratory function and to prevent postoperative pulmonary complications in patients with carcinoma. No significant improvement in ventilation, arterial PO2, and load-carrying could be shown after prophylactical application of IPPB/I for 7 days. A distinct decrease of arterial PO2 was seen immediately after IPPB/I. Further investigations are necessary to improve the method.


Asunto(s)
Aerosoles , Respiración con Presión Positiva Intermitente , Neoplasias Pulmonares/cirugía , Respiración con Presión Positiva , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/prevención & control , Terapia Respiratoria/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Dióxido de Carbono/sangre , Femenino , Humanos , Mediciones del Volumen Pulmonar , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Oxígeno/sangre , Neumonía/prevención & control , Atelectasia Pulmonar/prevención & control , Insuficiencia Respiratoria/prevención & control
20.
Psychiatr Neurol Med Psychol (Leipz) ; 29(10): 606-9, 1977 Oct.
Artículo en Alemán | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-605184

RESUMEN

The authors report their experience with a special form of psychodrama for the treatment in small groups of neurotic children aged five to fifteen. The acting out of ambivalent, partly unconscious and restrained tendencies and inclinations by playing, i.e., by taking roles in spontaneous performances, is followed by alternation of identification in the group and, possibly, careful indirect verbalization by the therapeutist and/or group, of which the purpose is to arrive at a reorientation of the attitudes of patients and a consolidation of the newly won attitude.


Asunto(s)
Conflicto Psicológico , Trastornos Neuróticos/terapia , Psicodrama , Desempeño de Papel , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , Humanos
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