RESUMEN
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a procedure that delivers a single large radiation dose to a well-defined target. Here, we describe a frameless SRS technique suitable for intracranial targets in canines. Medical records of dogs diagnosed with a primary intracranial tumour by imaging or histopathology that underwent SRS were retrospectively reviewed. Frameless SRS was used successfully to treat tumours in 51 dogs with a variety of head sizes and shapes. Tumours diagnosed included 38 meningiomas, 4 pituitary tumours, 4 trigeminal nerve tumours, 3 gliomas, 1 histiocytic sarcoma and 1 choroid plexus tumour. Median survival time was 399 days for all tumours and for dogs with meningiomas; cause-specific survival was 493 days for both cohorts. Acute grade III central nervous system toxicity (altered mentation) occurred in two dogs. Frameless SRS resulted in survival times comparable to conventional radiation therapy, but with fewer acute adverse effects and only a single anaesthetic episode required for therapy.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Encefálicas/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/cirugía , Radiocirugia/veterinaria , Animales , Neoplasias Encefálicas/mortalidad , Neoplasias Encefálicas/cirugía , Neoplasias de los Nervios Craneales/mortalidad , Neoplasias de los Nervios Craneales/cirugía , Neoplasias de los Nervios Craneales/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/mortalidad , Perros , Femenino , Masculino , Meningioma/mortalidad , Meningioma/cirugía , Meningioma/veterinaria , Neoplasias Hipofisarias/mortalidad , Neoplasias Hipofisarias/cirugía , Neoplasias Hipofisarias/veterinaria , Radiocirugia/métodos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Análisis de Supervivencia , Enfermedades del Nervio Trigémino/mortalidad , Enfermedades del Nervio Trigémino/cirugía , Enfermedades del Nervio Trigémino/veterinariaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: A prospective study to determine if low-level laser therapy and surgery for intervertebral disk herniation encourage ambulation faster than surgery alone. METHODS: Thirty-six dogs with acute paraparesis/paraplegia due to acute intervertebral disk herniation were evaluated and given a modified Frankel score. Dogs with scores 0 to 3 were included in the study. Dogs were assigned to the control group (1) or the laser treatment group (2) based on alternating order of presentation. All dogs underwent surgery for their herniated disk. Dogs in group 2 were treated postoperatively with low-level laser therapy daily for five days, or until they achieved a modified Frankel score of 4. A 5 × 200-mW 810-nm cluster array was used to deliver 25 W/cm(2) to the skin. All dogs were scored daily by the investigators using the modified Frankel scoring system. RESULTS: The time to achieve a modified Frankel score of 4 was significantly lower (P=0.0016) in the low-level laser therapy group (median 3.5 days) than the control group (median 14 days). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Low-level laser therapy in combination with surgery decreases the time to ambulation in dogs with T3-L3 myelopathy secondary to intervertebral disk herniation.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/terapia , Desplazamiento del Disco Intervertebral/veterinaria , Laminectomía/veterinaria , Terapia por Luz de Baja Intensidad/veterinaria , Dolor Postoperatorio/veterinaria , Animales , Enfermedades de los Perros/cirugía , Perros , Femenino , Desplazamiento del Disco Intervertebral/cirugía , Cojera Animal/cirugía , Cojera Animal/terapia , Laminectomía/efectos adversos , Vértebras Lumbares/cirugía , Masculino , Dolor Postoperatorio/terapia , Estudios Prospectivos , Vértebras Torácicas/cirugía , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical characteristics, management and long-term outcome in dogs with suspected rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. METHOD: Medical records and video recordings of 14 dogs with suspected rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder were reviewed and the owners were contacted via telephone or email for further information. RESULTS: Clinical signs included episodes of violent limb movements, howling, barking, growling, chewing, or biting during sleep. Episodes occurred at night and during daytime naps. The age at onset ranged from 8 weeks to 7·5 years with a median of 6 years but 64% of dogs were one year or less. There was no apparent sex or breed predisposition. Rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder events were reduced in severity and frequency in 78% of the dogs treated with 40 mg/kg/day oral potassium bromide. One dog was euthanized within 3 months of the onset of signs because of their severity. The duration of the disorder in the 13 surviving dogs ranged from 1·5 to 9 years. None of the dogs spontaneously recovered. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder is suspected to occur in dogs, as it does in human beings. It causes concern to the owners and disrupts the home environment. Unlike human beings, rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder of dogs often has a juvenile onset.
Asunto(s)
Bromuros/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Compuestos de Potasio/uso terapéutico , Trastorno de la Conducta del Sueño REM/veterinaria , Factores de Edad , Animales , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Enfermedades de los Perros/tratamiento farmacológico , Perros , Femenino , Masculino , Calidad de Vida , Trastorno de la Conducta del Sueño REM/diagnóstico , Trastorno de la Conducta del Sueño REM/tratamiento farmacológico , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
An unusual, gram-negative rod was isolated in significant numbers (4+) from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of a dog. This isolate, Flavobacterium breve, has not been identified previously as a pathogen in the dog. The case and the characteristics of the organism are described.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/microbiología , Flavobacterium/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/veterinaria , Meningitis Bacterianas/veterinaria , Animales , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Líquido Cefalorraquídeo/microbiología , Cloranfenicol/farmacología , Cloranfenicol/uso terapéutico , Diuréticos Osmóticos/farmacología , Diuréticos Osmóticos/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de los Perros/tratamiento farmacológico , Perros , Farmacorresistencia Microbiana , Femenino , Flavobacterium/efectos de los fármacos , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/microbiología , Manitol/farmacología , Manitol/uso terapéutico , Meningitis Bacterianas/tratamiento farmacológico , Meningitis Bacterianas/microbiología , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana/veterinaria , Prednisolona/farmacología , Prednisolona/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
A 10-year-old, mixed-breed, castrated male dog was examined because of acute onset of vomiting followed by severe generalized seizures. The dog had been on a treatment regimen that included a salicylate-containing drug, and the owners unknowingly supplemented aspirin. Supportive treatment utilizing sodium bicarbonate resulted in return to normal within 24 hours. Blood salicylate concentrations were determined to be in the range toxic to human beings.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/inducido químicamente , Salicilatos/efectos adversos , Convulsiones/veterinaria , Animales , Perros , Masculino , Salicilatos/sangre , Ácido Salicílico , Convulsiones/inducido químicamenteRESUMEN
In 1975, the California Department of Food and Agriculture required registered manufacturers of snail and slug baits to present data showing the unattractiveness of these products to dogs, in order to reduce the number deaths in dogs due to poisoning by eating these baits. A cooperative project involving the University of California, the California Department of Food and Agriculture, and the snail and slug bait manufacturers was designed to assist the manufacturers in assessing the palatability of their products by dogs and to develop criteria for the regulatory agencies to use to ensure that the products they were registering were unattractive to dogs. The studies showed that most recently formulated baits were relatively unpalatable for dogs. A 2-panel consumption testing procedure was developed and is being used by the California Department of Food and Agriculture and the Environmental Protection Agency as criteria for registration. Current reports indicate a dramatic decrease in snail and slug bait poisonings in California after these criteria were established as requirements for registration of snail and slug baits.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/prevención & control , Preferencias Alimentarias , Moluscos , Moluscocidas/envenenamiento , Caracoles , Acetaldehído/análogos & derivados , Alimentación Animal , Animales , Perros , Privación de AlimentosRESUMEN
In a retrospective study involving 42 dogs, it was concluded that the objectionable male behavioral patterns of roaming, fighting with other males, urine marking in the house, and mounting of other dogs or people are amenable to alteration by other castration in adulthood. Roaming was reduced in 90% of the dogs.