Mandibular osteomyelitis: evaluation and staging in 18 patients, using magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography and conventional radiographs.

Over a period of 3 years, 18 patients with mandibular osteomyelitis were prospectively investigated by conventional radiograph, computed tomography (CT) and in 6 cases by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The diagnosis was based on histology in 17 patients operated upon.

[Color-coded duplex ultrasonography of extracranial vascular lesions]. / Farbkodierte duplexsonographie extrakranieller vaskulärer läsïonen.

UNLABELLED: The diagnostic potential of color-coded duplex sonography in extracranial vascular lesions is evaluated with reference to the literature. Indications for the applications of color-coded duplex sonography comprise congenital vascular anomalies, arteriosclerotic lesions, dissections, aneurysms, arteriovenous fistulas and glomus tumors. New applications consist include monitoring after vascular interventional procedures. Color-coded duplex sonography allows recognition of congenital anatomic variants like agenesis of the internal carotid artery and variations of the origin of the vertebral artery. By superior surface delineation, characterization and quantification of plaques and stenoses are improved because of a new development in ultrasound technique. In cases of vessel dissection color-coded ultrasound is able to depict the dissection membrane, pulse synchronous flow reversal and "reentry" phenomena. Significant carotid bulb ectasia can be demonstrated and differentiated from aneurysm formation by 3D technique and angio-CT. Extracranial arteriovenous fistulas may be localized and detailed with respect to feeding arteries and draining veins. Glomus caroticum and jugular tumors are characterized by a high degree of vascularity and a position in the carotid bifurcation and within the jugular vein, respectively. The position of intravascular devices like detachable balloons and catheters was precisely demonstrated. CONCLUSION: Color-coded duplex sonography may assume a leading role in the noninvasive evaluation of extracranial vascular lesions. It provides criteria for the necessity and rational application of additional diagnostic procedures (MR, MRA, CT, DSA).

[Temporal bone histopathology in a case of trisomy 22-syndrome (author's transl)]. / Felsenbeinbefunde bei der Trisomie 22.

This premature female infant died soon after birth. She had numerous gross anomalies and was found on cytogenic studies to have Trisomy 22. Polytomographic and histologic studies of the left ear revealed multiple anomalies including complete aural atresia, non-pneumatization of the middle ear with a vertical shelf of bone in the mid portion of the middle ear, absence of the stapes and oval window and bony closure of the round window niche. The cochlea is flat in shape and shows one and a half turns with incomplete formation of the modiolus. The intersaccular septum is rudimentary but the spiral ganglion is clearly seen in Rosenthal's canal through the one and a half turns. The organ of Corti is well developed and contains hair cells. The stria vascularis is present. The utricular and saccular maculae as well as all cristae are well developed and contain hair cells. The saccular wall is collapsed onto an atrophic appearing otolithic membrane. The utricle is dilated, the lateral semicircular canal appears short and the bony canal is wide. The flattened and shortened cochlea with deformities of the cochlear duct, and the large vestibule resembles Mondinis dysplasia.