Emotional intelligence and interpersonal relations.

In 7 studies, the authors examined the link between emotional intelligence and interpersonal relations. In Studies 1 and 2, the participants with higher scores for emotional intelligence had higher scores for empathic perspective taking and self-monitoring in social situations. In Study 3, the participants with higher scores for emotional intelligence had higher scores for social skills. In Study 4, the participants with higher scores for emotional intelligence displayed more cooperative responses toward partners. In Study 5, the participants with higher scores for emotional intelligence had higher scores for close and affectionate relationships. In Study 6, the participants' scores for marital satisfaction were higher when they rated their marital partners higher for emotional intelligence. In Study 7, the participants anticipated greater satisfaction in relationships with partners described as having emotional intelligence.

Negative social effects of being a smoker.

Three studies were done to examine the social effects of being a tobacco smoker. In Study 1, 135 subjects rated target persons as dating and marriage prospects. All else being equal, the nonsmoker subjects showed consistent preference for nonsmokers. The subjects' personal preference for nonsmokers was significantly greater than their estimates of the preference of people in general. In Study 2, thirty-five subjects who preferred nonsmokers for marriage provided their reasons. All together, they gave eleven different reasons. In Study 3, which involved sixty-two subjects, the belief underlying each of the eleven preference reasons was found to predict degree of preference for nonsmokers. The results of the three studies are discussed as providing potentially useful information for smoking prevention interventions.

The employment disadvantage of being a smoker.

Three studies were done to examine the effects of being a tobacco smoker on employment prospects. In Study 1, thirty-two subjects reviewed application forms and rated four applicants as prospective employees. The subjects rated the nonsmoker version of the job applicants significantly more highly for hiring. In Study 2, forty-four subjects stated whether they preferred to hire smokers or nonsmokers and estimated the preference of employers generally. Those who stated a personal preference gave their reasons. Seven personal reasons for preferring a nonsmoker were mentioned by at least two subjects. The reasons ranged from dislike of tobacco smoke to concern about smokers taking more sick leave. In Study 3, which involved forty-six subjects, degree of endorsement of the attitudes underlying four of the seven preference reasons were found to be associated with degree of preference for non-smokers. The results of the three studies provide potentially useful information for job applicants and for individuals who design smoking prevention interventions.

Incompetency and insanity: feasibility of community evaluation and treatment.

In order to examine the feasibility of doing more sanity and competency evaluations and treatment on an outpatient basis rather than at a state hospital, we gave a feasibility questionnaire to 288 CMHC and state hospital administrators and treatment staff members. The respondents indicated that, given enhanced community evaluation and treatment programs for forensic clients, (a) 41 percent of the sanity evaluations and 45 percent of the competency evaluations done at the hospital could be done in local communities, (b) 35 percent to 38 percent of the clients found incompetent could be treated in local communities, and (c) 39 percent to 50 percent of the clients found insane could be released to outpatient treatment six months earlier than presently. Other findings indicated several specific improvements needed in the community mental health system before it can properly handle more forensic clients.

Evaluation of a short form of the POMS-Depression scale.

This study evaluated Shacham's 8-item short form of the original 15-item POMS-Depression scale (N = 131). The study found that the short form did not have significantly lower concurrent validity than the original form; had only slightly lower internal consistency; and had a mean and a standard deviation close enough to those of the original form to allow prorating of short-form scores for interpretation with original form norms. It was concluded that the short form is roughly equivalent psychometrically to the previously validated original form. The short form of the POMS-Depression scale was identified as apparently the shortest available validated measure of depression.