RESUMEN
Premature loss of teeth in children leads to space loss and affects arch integrity. The band and loop space maintainer is used in majority of patients requiring single tooth space maintenance in both primary and mixed dentitions. It preserves the proximal dimensions, but it is nonfunctional. This paper describes a method to modify the conventional band and loop space maintainer into a functional one and reports its clinical application and follow-up in five children.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Air abrasion of the implant abutment surface improves the bond strength of luting agents. However, the effect of acid etching and combination of air abrasion and acid etching on the bond strength of various luting agents under masticatory load is yet to be documented. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of implant abutment surface modifications on the tensile bond strength (TBS) of cast metal copings (CMCs) luted with different luting agents, subjected to cyclic fatigue loads. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 150 Ni-Cr CMCs were made on commercially pure titanium (Cp-Ti) laboratory analogues. The samples were categorized into three groups based on surface modifications and five subgroups for luting agents. The CMCs were cemented to the respective surface-modified groups, stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours, and then subjected to load cycling, followed by tensile loading. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the mean bond strength between luting agents. RESULTS: Self-adhesive resin cement showed the highest TBS followed by resin-modified glass ionomer cement, zinc polycarboxylate, and zinc phosphate cement. Non-eugenol temporary cement showed least TBS values on all modified abutment surfaces. CONCLUSION: Air abrasion + acid etching (HY) provided the greatest TBS followed by acid-etched (AE) surface only. Air-abraded (AA) surface yielded the least TBS for luting agents.