RESUMEN
In this current assessment, BaO synthesized from Moringa Oleifera leaves were irradiated using 0-75 kGy gamma radiation and investigated its physical impacts. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) data demonstrated the synthesis of tetragonal BaO, and no phase deviation was observed after irradiation. As doses are increased, the overall crystallite size were decreased due to an increase in defects and disorders. The tetragonal BaO was evident in Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra prior to and following irradiation, while peak intensities and wavenumbers varied considerably. The as-prepared BaO showed a spherical shape morphology, and Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) indicated no vital deviations in it after irradiation. As irradiation shifts from 0 to 75 kGy, optical bandgap was increased from 4.55 to 4.93 eV, evaluated using Kubelka-Munk (K-M) equation from UV-vis-NIR spectrophotometer. Opto-electronic and photonic devices have challenges in extreme radiation conditions, such as space and nuclear environments. So, these assessments suggested that BaO can withstand high levels of gamma photon and could be a good option for photonic and optoelectronic instruments in an extreme gamma-ray exposed conditions.
RESUMEN
In this study, we have synthesized pristine and [0.5,1.5, and 2.5] M% samarium (Sm)-incorporating α-MoO3 2D-layered nanoplates utilizing a facile hydrothermal process, and investigated the physical properties along with antibacterial effectiveness. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns confirmed the single-phase, stable orthorhombic polycrystalline structure of the as-prepared samples. The crystallite size, lattice strain, and dislocation density were measured using both Debye-Scherrer (D-S) and Williamson-Hall (W-H) techniques. Both pristine and Sm-incorporating α-MoO3 samples showed two-dimensional (2D) layered nanoplate-type surface morphology, revealed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed the presence of Sm contents in the α-MoO3 matrix. After Sm incorporation in α-MoO3, the different functional groups as well as vibrational groups were observed by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy analyses, respectively. The optical band gaps were measured from UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) by employing the Kubelka-Munk formula and interestingly it is found that the bandgap energy (E g) gradually decreased from 2.96 to 2.83 eV with the increment of Sm content. When compared to pristine α-MoO3, the Sm-incorporating samples experienced a steady improvement in room temperature ferromagnetic (RTFM) behavior as Sm content increased, as measured by hysteresis loops. The antibacterial activities of both samples were assessed against Gram-positive: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and Gram-negative: Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella enteritidis (S. enteritidis) bacteria by the agar well diffusion method and enhanced antibacterial activity was observed as the Sm concentration increased, compared to pristine nanoplates. The obtained results suggest that the synthesized Sm-incorporating α-MoO3 2D-layered nanoplate could be a potential antibacterial agent.