RESUMEN
The present study is aimed to evaluate the protective effect of ferulic acid (FA) on fluoride-induced oxidative hepatotoxicity in male Wistar rats. Fluoride (25 mg/L) was given orally to induce hepatotoxicity for 12 weeks. Hepatic damage were assessed using status of pathophysiological markers like serum marker enzymes like aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, gamma glutamyl transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, bilirubin, lipid profile, total protein content levels, and histopathological studies. Treatment with FA significantly reduced the degree of histological aberrations and rescued lipid peroxidation, as observed from reduced levels of lipid hydroperoxides, nitric oxide, restored levels of enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants, and total protein content, with a concomitant decline in the levels of marker enzymes and lipid profile in fluoride-induced rats. These results suggest that ferulic acid has the ability to protect fluoride-induced hepatic damage.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/prevención & control , Ácidos Cumáricos/farmacología , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Fosfatasa Ácida/sangre , Alanina Transaminasa/sangre , Fosfatasa Alcalina/sangre , Animales , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/farmacología , Ácido Ascórbico/metabolismo , Aspartato Aminotransferasas/sangre , Bilirrubina/sangre , Catalasa/metabolismo , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/sangre , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/etiología , Fluoruros/toxicidad , Glutatión/metabolismo , Glutatión Peroxidasa/metabolismo , L-Lactato Deshidrogenasa/sangre , Lípidos/sangre , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/metabolismo , Hígado/patología , Masculino , Sustancias Protectoras/farmacología , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismo , gamma-Glutamiltransferasa/sangreRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To give a clear picture with epidemiological evidence about the present scenario of cervical cancer control and HPV in India. DESIGN: Review of published studies, concentrating on recent systematic reviews, meta-analyses and large prospective studies. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Cervical cancer is unique among cancers in that it can largely be prevented through screening and removal of precursor lesions. It is the second most common cancer among women worldwide and is the most common malignancy in developing countries, particularly in India. Nowadays, cervical screening for women is necessary because there are no signs and symptoms of cervical precancers. The establishment of a prevention program is urgently required considering both screening and vaccination. But most women in India do not have access to effective screening programmes. It has been estimated that in India, even with a major effort to expand cytology services, it will not be possible to screen even one-fourth of the population once in a lifetime in the near future. New HPV vaccines will also help prevent HPV infection and the precancerous changes that lead to cervical cancer. The focus on detection and prevention of cervical cancer must be emphasized in a highly populated country like India to prevent its extensive spread.
