Effects of platelet-rich fibrin and dexamethasone on nerve regeneration after acute facial-nerve injury.

BACKGROUND: Acute facial-nerve injury. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and dexamethasone on nerve regeneration. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six rats were randomly divided into six groups. Facial-nerve injury was created using a full-thickness incision in all groups except Group E. Next, primary anastomosis, PRF application, topical dexamethasone application, primary anastomosis with topical PRF and dexamethasone application, and no facial-nerve repair were performed in Groups A, B, C, D, and F, respectively. Clinical, functional, and structural improvements were evaluated at eight weeks. RESULTS: The mean eye-closure movement score in Group B was significantly higher than that in Group F (p < .001). The mean whisker-movement score in Group B was significantly higher than that in Group F (p = .001). The mean amplitude of whisker movement in Group F was significantly lower than those in Groups A, B, C, and E, and the mean amplitude in Group D was significantly lower than that in Group E (p < .001). Furthermore, an improvement in nerve ultrastructure was observed in Group B. CONCLUSION: PRF application has a positive effect on nerve recovery after anastomosis. SIGNIFICANCE: Contribute to the literature to improve nerve regeneration.

Effect of perinatal and postnatal thiamine deficiency on auditory pathway of the Wistar-Albino rats

Abstract Objective: In this study, we created an animal model to demonstrate the effects of thiamine on the hearing pathways of new-borns during pregnancy and lactation by inducing a dietary thiamine deficiency in the mother. Methods: The study included 16 female Wistar albino rats. The animals were separated into four groups and provided the appropriate amounts of dietary thiamine according to their groups during pre-pregnancy, pregnancy, and lactation periods. Three pups from each mother were included in the study, and 12 pups were selected from each group. On the fortieth day after birth, the auditory pathways of 48 pups in the 4 groups were examined electro physiologically and ultra-structurally. Results: In Group N-N, morphology of hair cells stereocilia degeneration was not obtained in all turns of cochlea. In Group N-T, Inner Hair Cells (IHCs) and Outher Hair Cells (OHCs) stereocilia didn't show degeneration in all turns of cochlea but had rupture inrows of HCs stereocilia. In group T-N IHCs stereocilia less degeneration was observed in all turns of cochlea. OHC stereocilia partial loss was observed only in basal turn of cochlea. In Group T-T IHCs stereocilia was observed less degeneration and rupture in all turns of cochlea. Conclusion: Thiamine is vital for the development of cochlear hair cells during both prenatal and postnatal periods. Even partial deficiency of thiamine causes significant degeneration to the auditory pathway. Level of evidence: The level of evidence of this article is 5. This article is an experimental animal and laboratory study.

Effect of perinatal and postnatal thiamine deficiency on auditory pathway of the Wistar-Albino rats.

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we created an animal model to demonstrate the effects of thiamine on the hearing pathways of new-borns during pregnancy and lactation by inducing a dietary thiamine deficiency in the mother. METHODS: The study included 16 female Wistar albino rats. The animals were separated into four groups and provided the appropriate amounts of dietary thiamine according to their groups during pre-pregnancy, pregnancy, and lactation periods. Three pups from each mother were included in the study, and 12 pups were selected from each group. On the fortieth day after birth, the auditory pathways of 48 pups in the 4 groups were examined electro physiologically and ultra-structurally. RESULTS: In Group N-N, morphology of hair cells stereocilia degeneration was not obtained in all turns of cochlea. In Group N-T, Inner Hair Cells (IHCs) and Outher Hair Cells (OHCs) stereocilia didn't show degeneration in all turns of cochlea but had rupture inrows of HCs stereocilia. In group T-N IHCs stereocilia less degeneration was observed in all turns of cochlea. OHC stereocilia partial loss was observed only in basal turn of cochlea. In Group T-T IHCs stereocilia was observed less degeneration and rupture in all turns of cochlea. CONCLUSION: Thiamine is vital for the development of cochlear hair cells during both prenatal and postnatal periods. Even partial deficiency of thiamine causes significant degeneration to the auditory pathway. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: The level of evidence of this article is 5. This article is an experimental animal and laboratory study.

Otorhinolaryngological, audiovestibular and swallowing manifestations of patients with Niemann-Pick disease Type C.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to evaluate audiovestibular and swallowing impairment of patients with NPC. METHODS: Audiovestibular and swallowing evaluation were performed on patients with Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) at Hacettepe University between 20013 and 2015 prospectively. Pure-tone audiometry (PTA), Auditory Brain stem response (ABR), Flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) test and posturography were done. Hearing, swallowing and balance states were measured. RESULTS: There were 16 patients (5 male and 11 female, with a median age of 6.5 years old). The most common ABR abnormalities observed were absent waves I and III (%70 absent I waves, %43.75 absent III waves). Twelve of sixteen patients (%75) had an ABR abnormality in at least one ear, of these, four patients had normal hearing and three of them had periferal hearing loss. 12 (75%) patients had complaint of postural imbalance. 11(69%) of patients had peripheral and one (6%) patient had central impairment. Nine of sixteen patients (56.25%) show some degree of dysphagia (either penetration or aspiration). Two patients (12.5%) showed aspiration both liquid and viscous nutrition. Three patients (18.75%) showed aspiration primarily in liquids and two of them had penetration with viscous nutrition. Three patients (18.75%) had penetration with no aspiration neither liquid nor viscous nutrition (PEN-ASP score was 3, 3, 5, respectively). CONCLUSION: There is no curative treatment for this devastating and fatal disorder and hearing impairment, balance and swallowing disorders can be seen especially late onset form of disease.

Pharyngocutaneous fistula after salvage laryngectomy.

CONCLUSION: Preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) was associated with a significantly higher rate of pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF). OBJECTIVE: PCF is the most frequent complication following total laryngectomy. Although organ-preserving radiotherapy (RT) or CRT offer good locoregional control, many patients still require salvage laryngectomy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors that predispose patients to PCF, with a focus on preoperative RT, induction chemotherapy (ICT), and CRT. METHODS: This was a retrospective case series; 151 patients who underwent TL were reviewed. Preoperative RT, ICT, CRT, and some surgical parameters were analyzed as potential risk factors. RESULTS: The overall PCF rate was 13%. CRT was the only preoperative treatment that had a significant effect on PCF (35.3%, p = 0.004, odds ratio (OR) = 10.75). Surgery extended to the pharynx (p = 0.005, OR = 8.34) and vacuum drain duration (p = 0.012, OR = 5.16) were observed to be associated with PCF.