Development and validation of Indian Affective Picture Database.

Since culturally salient stimuli for emotion recognition are scarce in India, we developed and validated a set of 140 coloured pictures of six basic emotions along with a neutral expression. The expressions were posed by four expressers, two males and two females, with mean age of 25.25 (SD 3.77) years. The expressions were captured from five different angles keeping the background uniform. These pictures were shown to 350 undergraduates who labelled the emotion and rated their intensity. The mean biased hit rate was 93.02 (SD 7.33) and mean unbiased hit rate was .519 (SD .015). Within subjects ANOVA revealed significant main effect of emotion (F(1, 6) = 7.598, p < .001). The t-test value (23.116, p < .001) shows that the given emotion was identified correctly by participants beyond chance factors. The mean intensity rating was 5.94 (SD .77). Overall, the results reveal that the pictures are a valid set of affective stimuli.

The hindi adaptation and standardization of BAPQ: A brief tool for assessing Broad Autism Phenotype.

Broad Autism Phenotype (BAP) refers to the characteristics and behaviour patterns similar to the defining features of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) which are sub-threshold but still qualitatively similar to ASD. Broad Autism Phenotype Questionnaire (BAPQ) has been established to be reliable tool for assessing BAP which has been translated in different languages. In this article, we describe adaptation and standardization of BAPQ in Hindi, a widely spoken language in India. The questionnaire was translated into Hindi adhering to the International Test Commission Guidelines. The reliability coefficient obtained using Cronabch's Alphas was moderate (0.608). The self report translated version was then administered to 96 parents of children diagnosed with ASD. 68 participants scored over the cutoff to indicate presence of BAP in them. Their responses on BAPQ were analysed through confirmatory factor analysis. Factor analysis revealed different factor structure than given in the original scale. Therefore, based on the findings, a brief scale of BAP is proposed.