RESUMEN
Recent years have witnessed several studies concerning optimal terms of performing carotid endarterectomy after endured acute cerebral circulation disorder (ACCD). However up to now there is no common opinion regarding feasibility and safety of performing carotid endarterectomy in the acute period of ischaemic stroke. The 2013 Russian National Guidelines on surgical management of diseases of extracranial arteries point to feasibility of performing carotid endarterectomy at terms within up to 2 weeks after endured ischaemic stroke (level B evidence). At the same time, there is no data concerning possibility of performing this type of operation in patients with neurological deficit scoring 4 points according to the Rankin scale. Analysing the results of 110 carotid endarterectomies performed in patients with haemodynamically meaningful stenosis of carotid arteries at terms varying from 2 to 14 days after the development of ipsilateral ACCD showed safety of the operation (the rate of postoperative cerebral circulation disorders amounted to 0.9% - 1 patient) and its efficacy in prevention of recurrent ischaemic complications, also determining regression of neurological symptomatology in the overwhelming majority - 86 (78%) patients. Despite the absence of recommendations on possibility to perform carotid endarterectomy in patients after endured ACCD with neurological deficiency scoring 4 points according to the modified Rankin scale we proved efficiency and feasibility of performing this type of operation in the cohort of patients concerned. There was not a single case of transformation of the ischaemic focus into haemorrhagic one. One patient developed fatal ACCD. During the follow up period (12 months) regression of neurological symptomatology was observed in 16 (66.7%) patients of 24 operated patients with baseline deficit of stage 4 according to the Rankin scale.
Asunto(s)
Isquemia Encefálica , Endarterectomía Carotidea , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/prevención & control , Accidente Cerebrovascular , Anciano , Isquemia Encefálica/complicaciones , Isquemia Encefálica/diagnóstico , Isquemia Encefálica/fisiopatología , Isquemia Encefálica/cirugía , Estenosis Carotídea/complicaciones , Estenosis Carotídea/diagnóstico , Estenosis Carotídea/cirugía , Hemorragia Cerebral/etiología , Hemorragia Cerebral/prevención & control , Circulación Cerebrovascular , Endarterectomía Carotidea/efectos adversos , Endarterectomía Carotidea/métodos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Evaluación de Resultado en la Atención de Salud , Gravedad del Paciente , Estudios Retrospectivos , Federación de Rusia , Prevención Secundaria , Accidente Cerebrovascular/complicaciones , Accidente Cerebrovascular/diagnóstico , Accidente Cerebrovascular/fisiopatología , Accidente Cerebrovascular/cirugía , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The authors confirmed efficacy of external carotid artery plasty in occlusion of the internal carotid artery. The findings of triplex scanning and transcranial dopplerography demonstrated a considerable increment in the blood flow through the middle cerebral artery in the operated zone, amounting to approximately 30% one year after surgical treatment. Twenty-two patients before and after surgery were subjected to single-photon emission computed tomography. The majority of patients after surgery were found to have improved perfusion of the previously ischaemized zone of the brain on the side of operation according to the data of single-photon emission computed tomography.
Asunto(s)
Isquemia Encefálica , Arteria Carótida Externa/cirugía , Estenosis Carotídea/cirugía , Endarterectomía Carotidea , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Injerto Vascular , Anciano , Encéfalo/irrigación sanguínea , Isquemia Encefálica/diagnóstico , Isquemia Encefálica/etiología , Isquemia Encefálica/prevención & control , Estenosis Carotídea/complicaciones , Estenosis Carotídea/diagnóstico , Estenosis Carotídea/fisiopatología , Investigación sobre la Eficacia Comparativa , Endarterectomía Carotidea/efectos adversos , Endarterectomía Carotidea/métodos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/diagnóstico , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/prevención & control , Tomografía Computarizada de Emisión de Fotón Único/métodos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Ultrasonografía Doppler Transcraneal/métodos , Injerto Vascular/efectos adversos , Injerto Vascular/métodos , Grado de Desobstrucción VascularRESUMEN
The investigation has shown that patients with the diagnosed abdominal aortic aneurysms must be operated, the age being not considered a contraindication to surgical treatment. Five years survival of the patients after resection of the abdominal aortic aneurysm and its prosthesis does not depend on the age and is higher than 70%, while the expectant management leads to rupture of the aneurysm and death of 70% of the patients. A medical algorithm has been developed allowing reduction of lethality of elderly patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms and less frequency of complications.
Asunto(s)
Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal/cirugía , Laparotomía/métodos , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Vasculares/métodos , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Anestesia Epidural , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Dolor Postoperatorio/terapia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
The operations of semiclosed endarterecromy of the aortofemoral zone arteries were shown to have a number of advantages over shunting interventions with synthetic transplants. They are quick, not traumatic and have better results of long term patency. However, their application is limited by certain indications. Femoral amputations in patients with lesions of the aorta and iliac arteries independent of the age should not be recommended as a method of treatment of critical ischemia of lower extremities. Reconstructive operations on the vessels of this zone provide longer duration and better quality of life of the patients.