Investigating the thermal stability and calcium resistance of O/W emulsions prepared with glycosylated whey protein hydrolysates modified by different saccharides.

The poor thermal stability and ion tolerance of whey protein hydrolysates (WPH) restrict its application in emulsions, while glycosylation shows potential benefits in improving WPH stability. However, the relationship between saccharides with different Mw and the glycosylation behavior of WPH rich in short peptides is unclear. In response, the effect of different saccharides on glycosylated WPH rich in short peptides and its emulsion stability were investigated. Grafted small Mw saccharides were more beneficial to the emulsion stability of WPH. Specifically, grafting xylose effectively inhibited 121 °C sterilization and 5 mM CaCl2-induced coalescence of WPH emulsion (687.50 nm) by comprehensively enhancing steric hindrance, conformational flexibility and electrostatic repulsion, and dissociating large aggregates into small aggregates. Conversely, grafting maltodextrin (30,590 Da) reduced thermal stability of WPH emulsion (4791.80 nm) by steric shielding and bridging flocculation. These findings provide new sights into glycosylation mechanism for WPH and achieving its application in nutritional emulsions.

Effect of various pretreatments of potato on the cooking and texture properties of the developed potato-rice noodle.

In order to ascertain optimal potato pretreatment strategy for potato-rice noodle processing, the effect of partial substitution of rice flour with potatoes processed by various pretreatment on rice noodle quality was determined. In this study, raw potato flour (RPF), cooked potato flour (CPF), potato pulp (PP), mashed potato (MP), and rice flour (RF) were prepared. The physicochemical and pasting properties of RF sample, RPF + RF, PP + RF, CPF + RF, and MP + RF blends were investigated relative to their noodle quality. The results indicated that compared to RF, CPF + RF, and MP + RF blends, RPF + RF and PP + RF blends exhibited a lower degree of starch damage, solubility, and breakdown viscosity, as well as higher relative crystallinity, final, and setback viscosity, which are favorable to quality of noodles. Therefore, the noodles made from RPF + RF and PP + RF showed the most desirable cooking quality and texture. In summary, high damaged starch content and excessive amylose content were detrimental to noodle making. Consequently, our research revealed that RPF/pulp (ungelatinized potato materials) blended with rice flour can be employed to produce decent potato-rice noodles. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Cooked potato flour is main processing method of commercial potato flour and widely used in potato staple food industry. However, the results of our study show that raw potato flour and potato pulp are more suitable for processing of potato-rice noodle than cooked potato flour and mashed potato and can significantly improve the quality of rice noodle. This provides new ideas and insights for the preprocessing of raw potato in the potato staple food industry and the quality improvement of rice noodle. HIGHLIGHTS: The physicochemical properties of potatoes changed with various pretreatments. Excessive amylose content and starch damage were detrimental to noodle making. Partial substitution of rice flour with raw potato flour/pulp improved rice noodle quality. Raw and ungelatinized potato material is preferable for potato-rice noodle making.

A Retrospective Multi-Center Study of the Clinical Effects of Transurethral Columnar Balloon Dilation of the Prostate in the Treatment of Elderly Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Introduction: The aim of this study was to explore the clinical effect of transurethral columnar balloon dilation of the prostate (TUCBDP), in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in men over the age of 60 years old. Methods: This was a retrospective multi-center study follow-up of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) who underwent TUCBDP. The international prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life score (QoL), residual urine volume (PVR), andmaximum urine flow rate (Qmax) were evaluated one and six months after the procedure. Results: All 68 patients had the operation from January 2019 to December 2021. Their postoperative IPSS, QoL, PVR, andQmax of the patients significantly improved, in comparison to before procedure (p < 0.05). The improvement rate of IPSS andQoL in the small volume BPH group was significantly higher than that in the non-small volume BPH group (p < 0.05), but had little effect on the improvement rate of PVR and Qmax. Conclusions: TUCBDP can significantly improve IPSS, QoL, PVR, and Qmax in elderly men with BPH up to six months after theprocedure, with the advantages of shorter operation time and less blood loss. The postoperative improvement effect of patientswith small volume BPH was more obvious than that of patients with non-small volume BPH (AU)

A Retrospective Multi-Center Study of the Clinical Effects of Transurethral Columnar Balloon Dilation of the Prostate in the Treatment of Elderly Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to explore the clinical effect of transurethral columnar balloon dilation of the prostate (TUCBDP), in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in men over the age of 60 years old. METHODS: This was a retrospective multi-center study follow-up of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) who underwent TUCBDP. The international prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life score (QoL), residual urine volume (PVR), and maximum urine flow rate (Qmax) were evaluated one and six months after the procedure. RESULTS: All 68 patients had the operation from January 2019 to December 2021. Their postoperative IPSS, QoL, PVR, and Qmax of the patients significantly improved, in comparison to before procedure (p < 0.05). The improvement rate of IPSS and QoL in the small volume BPH group was significantly higher than that in the non-small volume BPH group (p < 0.05), but had little effect on the improvement rate of PVR and Qmax. CONCLUSIONS: TUCBDP can significantly improve IPSS, QoL, PVR, and Qmax in elderly men with BPH up to six months after the procedure, with the advantages of shorter operation time and less blood loss. The postoperative improvement effect of patients with small volume BPH was more obvious than that of patients with non-small volume BPH.