Exploring the Impact of High-Quality Nursing on Nursing Efficiency and Stress Levels through Visual Electrophysiological Detection.

Objective: To assess the influence of high-quality nursing during visual electrophysiology examinations on both nursing outcomes and stress levels. Methods: A total of 80 patients who underwent visual electrophysiology examinations in the hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 were included as study subjects and randomized into two groups using random allocation. This random assignment ensures that each patient has an equal chance of being assigned to either group, minimizing the effects of confounding variables and evenly distributing potential bias. The control group received conventional nursing care, while the study group received quality nursing care, with 40 patients in each group. Patients in both groups were compared regarding nursing impact, occurrence of adverse reactions, pain level, and stress status. Results: In the study group, 39 patients exhibited high levels of cooperation, while 1 demonstrated a low degree of cooperation. Conversely, in the control group, 36 subjects were highly cooperative, but 6 displayed a low degree of cooperation. The cooperation rate was significantly higher in the study group compared to the control group (97.5% vs. 85.0%, χ² = 3.914, P = .048). SAS scores and SDS scores after treatment were observed to be lower in the study group compared to those in the control group (P < .05). The increase in scores within the study group was notably less than that observed in the control group (P < .05). The results indicate that 38 patients in the study group reported satisfaction, while 31 in the control group expressed satisfaction. The nursing satisfaction rate was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (P < .05). Conclusions: Quality nursing care during visual electrophysiology examinations proves to be highly effective in enhancing patient compliance, fostering a higher rate of patient cooperation, and mitigating patient stress. Furthermore, it contributes to the improvement of patient satisfaction with nursing care, ultimately elevating the overall healthcare relationship.

Ammonium Sulfite Slurry from Ammonia-Based Desulfurization Activates Water-Soluble Humic Substances from Lignite: Performance, Application, and Mechanism.

Both ammonium sulfite slurry (ASS) from ammonia-based desulfurization and lignite are waste materials with low value. In this work, an innovative method was developed by applying ASS in lignite activation to produce water-soluble humic substances (WHSs) with a high bioactivity and economic value. The optimal activation method was to mix lignite and ASS at a 4:1-liquid-solid ratio by vortex blender and then oscillate it for 30 min at 25 °C. Compared with that of the unactivated lignite (UAL), the yield of WHSs from activated lignite (AL) increased by 42.72%. WHSs from AL consisted of a large number of aliphatic carbons with low molecular weight and functional groups such as amides, amines, sulfonic acid groups, C-O, and so forth. Moreover, WHSs from AL at lower concentrations (2 mg/L) has a more obvious root-elongation-promoting effect than WHSs from UAL (10 mg/L). Activation experiment with the lignite-related model compounds revealed that ASS caused the breakage of Caliph-O, Caliph-Caliph, and Carom-Caliph linkages between aromatic rings. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the development of green and sustainable technologies for the beneficial reuse of ASS and lignite in agriculture.

Follistatin-like 1 ameliorates severe acute pancreatitis associated lung injury via inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB pathway.

OBJECTIVE: Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is one of the most common abdominal conditions of digestive system that usually causes acute lung injury through systemic inflammation. Follistatin-like 1 (FSTL-1) has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects in a variety of diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of FSTL-1 on SAP-associated lung injury (SAPALI) and the underlying mechanism. METHODS: SAP model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of the L-arginine in C57BL/6 mice. The haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was applied to determine the severity of lung and pancreatic injury. ELISA kits were used to determine serum amylase and inflammatory cytokines levels. TUNEL staining was carried out to measure cell apoptosis. Western blotting was applied to analyze the related proteins of NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB pathways. RESULTS: FSTL-1 was significantly increased in the lung of SAP mice. Knockout of FSTL-1 ameliorated pancreatic injury, lung injury, inflammation and apoptosis in mice with SAP. Moreover, the protein levels of NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, p-p65 and p-IκBα were obviously reduced in the FSTL-1 KO+SAP group in comparison with SAP group, suggesting that inhibition of FSTL-1 repressed the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSION: This study helps us understand the mechanism of FSTL-1 in SAPALI and might provide a potential new strategy for the treatment of SAPALI.

The deubiquitinase OTUD1 inhibits non-small cell lung cancer progression by deubiquitinating and stabilizing KLF4.

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer results in the highest mortality associated with cancer worldwide. Non-small cell cancer (NSCLC) is the leading subtype of lung cancer. Ovarian tumor protease (OTU) domain-containing protein 1 (OTUD1) is a member of the OTU subfamily of DUBs, and its function in NSCLC remains unclear. METHODS: GEPIA database was employed to reveal the expression level of OTUD1 in addition to Krüppel- like factor 4 (KLF4) in NSCLC tissue samples and prove the correlation between OTUD1 and KLF4. The protein level was estimated using western blot. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to detect cell viability and transwell assay was utilized to observe cell migration and invasion. Cycloheximide (CHX) was introduced to measure half-lives of KLF4 and deubiquitination assay was used to detect deubiquitination ability of OTUD1. RESULTS: OTUD1 expression was downregulated in NSCLC tissues and cells. Overexpression of OTUD1 inhibited NSCLC cell progression and it was promoted by knockdown of OTUD1. OTUD1 was positively correlated with KLF4 and stabilized KLF4 at protein level by deubiquitinating KLF4. Overexpressing KLF4 dramatically eliminated the effects of OTUD1 on the development of NSCLC cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed that OTUD1 suppresses NSCLC progression by mediating KLF4 stabilization, which suggests a potential gene target for the future treatment of NSCLC.

An Antifouling Hydrogel Containing Silver Nanoparticles for Modulating the Therapeutic Immune Response in Chronic Wound Healing.

Patients with diabetic wounds have deficient local and systemic cellular immunity. Herein, a new silver nanoparticle-containing hydrogel with antifouling properties was developed for enhancing the immune response in diabetic wound healing. The antifouling property was obtained by adjusting the composition of cationic chitosan and anionic dextran to approach zero charge. Furthermore, this hybrid hydrogel showed long-lasting and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Rapid wound contraction was observed after the treatment with the hydrogel, which suggested its superior healing activity to promote fibroblast migration, granulation tissue formation, and angiogenesis. The upregulation of CD68+ and CD3+ expression levels demonstrated that the hydrogel could trigger immune responses in the treatment of wound healing. These results show that this antifouling hybrid hydrogel as a wound dressing provided a promising strategy for the treatment of diabetic ulcers.

Glutamine Enhances the Hypoglycemic Effect of Insulin in L6 Cells via Phosphatidylinositol-3-Kinase (PI3K)/Protein Kinase B (AKT)/Glucose Transporter 4 (GLUT4) Signaling Pathway.

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by a decreased blood level of glutamine (Gln), which may contribute to the disturbance in the effect of insulin on skeletal muscle. Therefore, it is crucial to study how to improve the effect of insulin on skeletal muscle by increasing Gln. In the present study, we investigated the effect of Gln on the hypoglycemic action of insulin in skeletal muscle L6 cells at high glucose levels through the insulin signaling pathway and glycogen synthesis pathway. MATERIAL AND METHODS The L6 cells were cultured in and stimulated by Gln and insulin. The glutamine analogue, L-Gamma-Glutamyl-p-nitroanilide (GPNA), was used for verifying the effect of Gln. The expression of insulin signaling molecules, including phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1), protein kinase B (AKT), protein kinase C zeta (PKCz), and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot analysis, GLUT4 translocation was observed by immunofluorescence staining, glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) was analyzed by Western blotting, and glucose uptake was measured by glucose oxidase method (GOD). RESULTS The results demonstrated that Gln combined with insulin remarkably up-regulated PI3K and PDK1 and also increased AKT and PKCz phosphorylation. The present study shows that Gln enhanced the impact of insulin on GLUT4 and its translocation. The results of glucose uptake and GSK phosphorylation further confirmed the hypoglycemic effect of Gln accompanied with insulin. The hypoglycemic effect of Gln was reversed by GPNA. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that Gln enhances the hypoglycemic role of insulin through the PI3K/AKT/GLUT4 signaling pathway and glycogen synthesis pathway.

Sandwich-format electrochemiluminescence assay for PDGF-BB using quantum dots-dendrimer nanocomposites as probe.

This work describes a novel electrochemiluminescence aptasensor for highly sensitive detection of platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) using aptamer functionalized CdS quantum dots-polyamidoamine as probe (CdS QDs-PAMAM-Apt). CdS QDs-PAMAM nanocomposites were synthesized by one-pot synthesis in methanol. The prepared nanocomposites were linked with the NH2-aptamer 2 (Apt2) of PDGF-BB to form the CdS QDs-PAMAM-Apt2 probe by glutaraldehyde as coupling reagent. For constructing the aptasensor, MWCNTs-chitosan composites and NH2-aptamer 1 (Apt1) with the same base sequence as Apt2 were immobilized on the electrode by the self-assembled method to recognize the target protein PDGF-BB. In the presence of PDGF-BB, the structure of sandwiched format was formed between the Apt1 and the CdS QDs-PAMAM-Apt2 probe, thereby resulting in a proportional increase of ECL emission. Thanks to the efficient and stable ECL emission of CdS QDs-PAMAM dendrimer and the advantage of MWCNTs for accelerating the electron transfer, the highly sensitive detection of PDGF-BB with a detection limit of 0.13pM was achieved. The linear range is from 0.5pM to 1nM. The present protocol was applied to the analysis of PDGF-BB in human serum samples. The recoveries of PDGF-BB in human serum samples are 87.2-113% and RSD values are less than 3.6%.

A luminol electrochemiluminescence aptasensor based on glucose oxidase modified gold nanoparticles for measurement of platelet-derived growth factor BB.

A sandwich-type luminol electrochemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor for highly sensitive and selective detection of platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) is fabricated. For this proposed ECL aptasensor, a multilayered AuNPs-electrochemically reduced graphene (AuNPs-EG) nanocomposite film was formed on the GCE surface as the base of the aptasensor through a co-electrodeposition method. The AuNPs-EG composites possess high conductivity to promote the electron transfer at the electrode interface and good biocompatibility and large surface area to capture large amounts of primary aptamer (Apt1), thus amplifying the detection response. Moreover, glucose oxidase (GOD) functionalized AuNPs labeled secondary aptamer (GOD-Apt2-AuNPs) was designed as the signal probe for the sandwiched aptasensor. Enhanced sensitivity was obtained by in situ generation of H2O2 from reaction between GOD and glucose and the excellent catalytic behavior of AuNPs to the ECL of the luminol-H2O2 system. Under the optimal conditions, the as-prepared ECL aptasensor exhibited excellent analytical property for the detection of PDGF-BB in the range from 1.0×10(-13) to 5.0×10(-10) mol L(-1) with a detection limit of 1.7×10(-14) mol L(-1) (S/N=3). The application of the present protocol was demonstrated by analyzing PDGF-BB in human serum and human urine samples with the recoveries from 85.0% to 110%.

Aptasensor based on tripetalous cadmium sulfide-graphene electrochemiluminescence for the detection of carcinoembryonic antigen.

A facile label-free electrochemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor, based on the ECL of cadmium sulfide-graphene (CdS-GR) nanocomposites with peroxydisulfate as the coreactant, was designed for the detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Tripetalous CdS-GR nanocomposites were synthesized through a simple onepot solvothermal method and immobilized on the glassy carbon electrode surface. L-Cystine (L-cys) could largely promote the electron transfer and enhance the ECL intensity. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were assembled onto the L-cys film modified electrode for aptamer immobilization and ECL signal amplification. The aptamer modified with thiol was adsorbed onto the surface of the AuNPs through a Au-S bond. Upon hybridization of the aptamer with the target protein, the sequence could conjugate CEA to form a Y architecture. With CEA as a model analyte, the decreased ECL intensity is proportional to the CEA concentration in the range of 0.01-10.0 ng mL(-1) with a detection limit of 3.8 pg mL(-1) (S/N = 3). The prepared aptasensor was applied to the determination of CEA in human serum samples. The recoveries of CEA in the human serum samples were between 85.0% and 109.5%, and the RSD values were no more than 3.4%.

A novel label-free electrochemiluminescence aptasensor based on layered flowerlike molybdenum sulfide-graphene nanocomposites as matrix.

A label-free and ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor was constructed for the detection of thrombin. Molybdenum sulfide-graphene nanocomposites with good conductivity and large surface area were immobilized on glassy carbon electrode (GCE), and then Nafion was fixed to chemosorb the Ru(bpy)3(2+) used as luminescence agent. Subsequently, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were modified on the electrode to immobilize the thiol-modified thrombin aptamer for fabrication of the thrombin aptasensor. The proposed ECL aptasensor produced the ultrasensitive detection of thrombin with a low detection limit of 3.6×10(-15)M (S/N=3) and over a wide target concentration range from 1.0×10(-14) to 5.0×10(-9)M. The aptasensor has been successfully applied in the determination of thrombin in human plasma samples of both traumatic and non-traumatic injury patients, indicating its promise in biochemical analysis. The recoveries of thrombin in human plasma samples are between 88.6% and 105.0%, and the RSD values are no more than 3.7%. The results demonstrate that this aptasensor has excellent sensitivity, selectivity and stability.

[Effects of coated controlled release urea combined with conventional urea on winter wheat growth and soil NO3- -N].

Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different dosages coated controlled release urea (PCU60, 60 d release duration) combined with conventional urea (U) used as basal on the winter wheat grain yield, nitrogen (N) recovery rate, and soil NO3- -N content, etc. Five treatments were installed, i.e., U (CK), 10% PCU60+90% U (PU1), 20% PCU60+80% U (PU2), 30% PCU60+70% U (PU3), and 40% PCU60+60% U (PU4). In the meantime, a comparative analysis was also carried out on the PCU60 N release characteristics under field condition and in 25 "C static water. At the same N dosage, all the test indices in treatment PU4 were significantly higher, with the grain yield, N recovery rate, total N accumulation amount, total tiller number and aboveground biomass at ripening stage, and economic benefit increased by 5.6%, 14.6%, 7.2%, 2.6%, 7.5%, and 984.3 yuan x hm(-2), respectively, compared with those in treatment U. The accumulation amount of NO3- -N in 0-100 cm soil layer in all treatments ranged in 39.70-49.93 kg x hm-2, and was the lowest (39.70 kg x hm(-2)) in treatment PU4. The N release pattern of PCU60 under field condition better fitted the N absorption characteristics of winter wheat.

Anti-ageing effects of protocatechuic acid from Alpinia on spleen and liver antioxidative system of senescent mice.

The effects of Alpinia protocatechuic acid (PCA) on spleen and liver antioxidant system in aged rats have been studied. Alpinia PCA, a phenolic compound, was first isolated from the dried fruits of Alpinia Oxyphylla Miq. in our laboratory. Young and aged rats were injected intraperitoneally with Alpinia PCA at single doses of 5 mg kg(-1) (low dose) or 10 mg kg(-1) (high dose) per day for 7 days. The activities of endogenous antioxidants and the content of lipid peroxide in spleen and liver were assayed. Compared with young group, aged rats had significantly lower splenic weights, lower activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and catalase (CAT), higher level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in spleen and liver. The results proved that Alpinia PCA significantly elevated the splenic weights, increased the activities of GSH-PX and CAT and decreased the MDA level of aged rats. All these suggested that Alpinia PCA was a potential anti-ageing agent, and its effects on spleen and liver were achieved at least partly by promoting endogenous antioxidant enzymatic activities and normalizing age-associated alterations. It may be therapeutically useful to minimize age-associated disorders where oxidative damage is the major cause.

Alpinia protocatechuic acid protects against oxidative damage in vitro and reduces oxidative stress in vivo.

In this study, the neuroprotective effects of Alpinia protocatechuic acid (PCA), a phenolic compound isolated from the dried fruits of Alpinia Oxyphylla Miq. was found. The protective effect of Alpinia PCA against H2O2-induced oxidative damage on PC12 cells was investigated by measuring cell viability via 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. Rats were injected intraperitoneally with Alpinia PCA at a dose of 5mg/kg per day for 7 days, behavioral testing was performed in Y-maze. In order to make clear the neuroprotective mechanism of Alpinia PCA, the activities of endogenous antioxidants and the content of lipid peroxide in brain were assayed. The results proved that Alpinia PCA significantly prevented the H2O2-induced reduction in cell survival, improved the cognition of aged rats, reduced the content of lipid peroxide, increased the activity of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. All these suggested that Alpinia PCA was a potential neuroprotective agent and its neuroprotective effects were achieved at least partly by promoting endogenous antioxidant enzymatic activities and inhibiting free radical generation.