Deep learning-based image segmentation model using an MRI-based convolutional neural network for physiological evaluation of the heart.

Background and Objective: Cardiovascular disease is a high-fatality health issue. Accurate measurement of cardiovascular function depends on precise segmentation of physiological structure and accurate evaluation of functional parameters. Structural segmentation of heart images and calculation of the volume of different ventricular activity cycles form the basis for quantitative analysis of physiological function and can provide the necessary support for clinical physiological diagnosis, as well as the analysis of various cardiac diseases. Therefore, it is important to develop an efficient heart segmentation algorithm. Methods: A total of 275 nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) heart scans were collected, analyzed, and preprocessed from Huaqiao University Affiliated Strait Hospital, and the data were used in our improved deep learning model, which was designed based on the U-net network. The training set included 80% of the images, and the remaining 20% was the test set. Based on five time phases from end-diastole (ED) to end-systole (ES), the segmentation findings showed that it is possible to achieve improved segmentation accuracy and computational complexity by segmenting the left ventricle (LV), right ventricle (RV), and myocardium (myo). Results: We improved the Dice index of the LV to 0.965 and 0.921, and the Hausdorff index decreased to 5.4 and 6.9 in the ED and ES phases, respectively; RV Dice increased to 0.938 and 0.860, and the Hausdorff index decreased to 11.7 and 12.6 in the ED and ES, respectively; myo Dice increased to 0.889 and 0.901, and the Hausdorff index decreased to 8.3 and 9.2 in the ED and ES, respectively. Conclusion: The model obtained in the final experiment provided more accurate segmentation of the left and right ventricles, as well as the myocardium, from cardiac MRI. The data from this model facilitate the prediction of cardiovascular disease in real-time, thereby providing potential clinical utility.

Case Report: Tachycardia, Hypoxemia and Shock in a Severely Burned Pediatric Patient.

Background: Severely burned children are at high risk of secondary intraabdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS). ACS is a life-threatening condition with high mortality and requires an effective, minimally invasive treatment to improve the prognosis when the condition is refractory to conventional therapy. Case presentation: A 4.5-year-old girl was admitted to our hospital 30 h after a severe burn injury. Her symptoms of burn shock were relieved after fluid resuscitation. However, her bloating was aggravated, and ACS developed on Day 5, manifesting as tachycardia, hypoxemia, shock, and oliguria. Invasive mechanical ventilation, vasopressors, and percutaneous catheter drainage were applied in addition to medical treatments (such as gastrointestinal decompression, diuresis, sedation, and neuromuscular blockade). These treatments did not improve the patient's condition until she received continuous renal replacement therapy. Subsequently, her vital signs and laboratory data improved, which were accompanied by decreased intra-abdominal pressure, and she was discharged after nutrition support, antibiotic therapy, and skin grafting. Conclusion: ACS can occur in severely burned children, leading to rapid deterioration of cardiopulmonary function. Patients who fail to respond to conventional medical management should be considered for continuous renal replacement therapy.

Electrocardiogram Signal Classification in the Diagnosis of Heart Disease Based on RBF Neural Network.

Heart disease is a common disease affecting human health. Electrocardiogram (ECG) classification is the most effective and direct method to detect heart disease, which is helpful to the diagnosis of most heart disease symptoms. At present, most ECG diagnosis depends on the personal judgment of medical staff, which leads to heavy burden and low efficiency of medical staff. Automatic ECG analysis technology will help the work of relevant medical staff. In this paper, we use the MIT-BIH ECG database to extract the QRS features of ECG signals by using the Pan-Tompkins algorithm. After extraction of the samples, K-means clustering is used to screen the samples, and then, RBF neural network is used to analyze the ECG information. The classifier trains the electrical signal features, and the classification accuracy of the final classification model can reach 98.9%. Our experiments show that this method can effectively detect the abnormality of ECG signal and implement it for the diagnosis of heart disease.

Super-resolution reconstruction of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia images based on generative confrontation network.

OBJECTIVE: Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, also known as pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), is an interstitial plasma cell pneumonia caused by pneumocystis spp. It is a conditional lung infectious disease. Because the early and correct diagnosis of PCP has a great influence on the prognosis of patients, the image processing of PCP's high-resolution CT (HRCT) is extremely important. Traditional image super-resolution reconstruction algorithms have difficulties in network training and artifacts in generated images. The super-resolution reconstruction algorithm of generative counter-networks can optimize these two problems well. METHODS: In this paper, the texture enhanced super-resolution generative adversarial network (TESRGAN) is based on a generative confrontation network, which mainly includes a generative network and a discriminant network. In order to improve the quality of image reconstruction, TESRGAN improved the structure of the Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Network (SRGAN) generation network, removed all BN layers in SRGAN, and replaced the ReLU function with the LeakyReLU function as the nonlinear activation function of the network to avoid the disappearance of the gradient. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS: The TESRGAN algorithm in this paper is compared with the image reconstruction results of Bicubic, SRGAN, Enhanced Deep Super-Resolution network (EDSR), and ESRGAN. Compared with algorithms such as SRGAN and EDSR, our algorithm has clearer texture details and more accurate brightness information without extending the running time. Our reconstruction algorithm can improve the accuracy of image low-frequency information. CONCLUSION: The texture details of the reconstruction result are clearer and the brightness information is more accurate, which is more in line with the requirements of visual sensory evaluation.

Management of medical and health big data based on integrated learning-based health care system: A review and comparative analysis.

PURPOSE: We present a Health Care System (HCS) based on integrated learning to achieve high-efficiency and high-precision integration of medical and health big data, and compared it with an internet-based integrated system. METHOD: The method proposed in this paper adopts the Bagging integrated learning method and the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) prediction model to obtain a high-precision strong learning model. In order to verify the integration efficiency of the system, we compare it with the Internet-based health big data integration system in terms of integration volume, integration efficiency, and storage space capacity. RESULTS: The HCS based on integrated learning relies on the Internet in terms of integration volume, integration efficiency, and storage space capacity. The amount of integration is proportional to the time and the integration time is between 170-450 ms, which is only half of the comparison system; whereby the storage space capacity reaches 8.3×28TB. CONCLUSION: The experimental results show that the integrated learning-based HCS integrates medical and health big data with high integration volume and integration efficiency, and has high space storage capacity and concurrent data processing performance.

Automatic segmentation of cardiac magnetic resonance images based on multi-input fusion network.

PURPOSE: Using computer-assisted means to process a large amount of heart image data in order to speed up the diagnosis efficiency and accuracy of medical doctors has become a research worthy of investigation. METHOD: Based on the U-Net model, this paper proposes a multi-input fusion network (MIFNet) model based on multi-scale input and feature fusion, which automatically extracts and fuses features of different input scales to realize the detection of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Images (CMRI). The MIFNet model is trained and verified on the public data set, and then compared with the segmentation models, namely the Fully Convolutional Network (FCN) and DeepLab v1. RESULTS: MIFNet model segmentation of CMRI significantly improved the segmentation accuracy, and the Dice value reached 97.238%. Compared with FCN and DeepLab v1, the average Hausdorff distance (HD) was reduced by 16.425%. The capacity parameter of FCN is 124.86% of MIFNet, DeepLab v1 is 103.22% of MIFNet. CONCLUSION: Our proposed MIFNet model reduces the amount of parameters and improves the training speed while ensuring the simultaneous segmentation of overlapping targets. It can help clinicians to more quickly check the patient's CMRI focus area, and thereby improving the efficiency of diagnosis.

Comparative analysis of pulmonary nodules segmentation using multiscale residual U-Net and fuzzy C-means clustering.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Pulmonary nodules have different shapes and uneven density, and some nodules adhere to blood vessels, pleura and other anatomical structures, which increase the difficulty of nodule segmentation. The purpose of this paper is to use multiscale residual U-Net to accurately segment lung nodules with complex geometric shapes, while comparing it with fuzzy C-means clustering and manual segmentation. METHOD: We selected 58 computed tomography (CT) scan images of patients with different lung nodules for image segmentation. This paper proposes an automatic segmentation algorithm for lung nodules based on multiscale residual U-Net. In order to verify the accuracy of the method, we also conducted comparative experiments, while comparing it with fuzzy C-means clustering. RESULTS: Compared with the other two methods, the segmentation of lung nodules based on multiscale residual U-Net has a higher accuracy, with an accuracy rate of 94.57%. This method not only maintains a high accuracy rate, but also shortens the recognition time significantly with a segmentation time of 3.15 s. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis method of lung nodules combined with deep learning has a good market prospect and can improve the efficiency of doctors in diagnosing benign and malignant lung nodules.

[Spectroscopic analysis studies of organo-attapulgite/nylon 6 composites].

The surface organic modification of attapulgite with silane coupling reagent was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Qrgano-attapulgite/nylon 6 composites with different content of attapulgite were prepared by means of melt blending, and the crystal structure and morphology were investigated. The results show that the surface content of Si, N and C of the modified attapulgite increased. Combined with the FTIR results, it was confirmed that an organic coating layer was formed on the surface of attapulgite. The adding of attapulgite does not change the crystal structure of nylon 6, but changes the crystallite size of nylon 6. The modified attapulgite was well dispersed in nylon 6 and the silane coupling coating on the attapilgite enhanced the interfacial adhesion.