Ultrathin and Self-Supporting MOF/COF-Based Composite Membranes for Hydrogen Separation and Purification from Coke Oven Gas.

Coke oven gas (COG) is considered to be one of the most likely raw materials for large-scale H2 production in the near or medium term, with membrane separation technologies standing out from traditional technologies due to their less energy-intensive structures as well as simple operation and occupation. Based on the "MOF-in/on-COF" pore modification strategy, the COF membrane (named the PBD membrane) and ZIF-67 were used as assembly elements to design advanced molecular sieving membranes for hydrogen separation. The composition and microstructure of membranes before and after ZIF-67 loading as well as ZIF-67-in-PBD membranes under different preparation conditions (metal ion concentration, metal-ligand ratio, and reaction time) were investigated by various characterizations to reveal the synthesis regularity and microstructure regulation. Furthermore, H2/CH4 separation performances and separation mechanisms were also analyzed and compared. Finally, a dense, continuous, ultrathin, and self-supporting ZIF-67-in-PBD membrane with a Co2+ concentration of 0.02 mol/L, a metal-ligand ratio of 1:4, and a reaction time of 6 h exhibited the largest specific surface area, micropore proportion, and the best H2/CH4 separation selectivity (α = 33.48), which was significantly higher than the Robeson upper limit and was in a leading position among reported MOF membranes. The separation mechanism was mainly size screening, and adsorption selectivity also contributed a little.

Determination of organic acids for predicting sourness intensity of tea beverage by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and chemometrics methods.

The contents of organic acids (OAs) in tea beverage and their relationship with taste intensity have not been fully understood. In this work, a rapid (10 min for a single run) and sensitive (limits of quantification: 0.0044-0.4486 µg/mL) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of 17 OAs in four types of tea, based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with multiple reaction monitoring mode. The contents of 17 OAs in 96 tea samples were measured at levels between 0.01 and 11.80 g/kg (dried weight). Quinic acid, citric acid, and malic acid were determined as the major OAs in green, black, and raw pu-erh teas, while oxalic acid and tartaric acid exhibited the highest contents in ripe pu-erh tea. Taking the OAs composition as input features, a partial least squares regression model was proposed to predict the sourness intensity of tea beverages. The model achieved a root-mean-square error of 0.58 and a coefficient of determination of 0.84 for the testing set. The proposed model provides a theoretical way to evaluate the sensory quality of tea infusion based on its chemical composition.

A GM-JMNS-CPHD Filter for Different-Fields-of-View Stochastic Outlier Selection for Nonlinear Motion Tracking.

Most multi-target movements are nonlinear in the process of movement. The common multi-target tracking filtering methods directly act on the multi-target tracking system of nonlinear targets, and the fusion effect is worse under the influence of different perspectives. Aiming to determine the influence of different perspectives on the fusion accuracy of multi-sensor tracking in the process of target tracking, this paper studies the multi-target tracking fusion strategy of a nonlinear system with different perspectives. A GM-JMNS-CPHD fusion technique is introduced for random outlier selection in multi-target tracking, leveraging sensors with limited views. By employing boundary segmentation from distinct perspectives, the posterior intensity function undergoes decomposition into multiple sub-intensities through SOS clustering. The distribution of target numbers within the respective regions is then characterized by the multi-Bernoulli reconstruction cardinal distribution. Simulation outcomes demonstrate the robustness and efficacy of this approach. In comparison to other algorithms, this method exhibits enhanced robustness even amidst a decreased detection probability and heightened clutter rates.

Verification of the expression trend and interaction prediction of innate immune cells and immune-checkpoint molecules in the process of oral mucosal carcinogenesis.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore the expression trends of innate immune cells and immune-checkpoint molecules validated by data calculation in the process of oral mucosal carcinogenesis, as well as to explore methods of suppressing oral mucosal carcinogenesis based on immunotherapy by predicting their interactions. Me-thods 1) The cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database comprehensively scores immune cells and immune-checkpoint molecules in the process of oral mucosal carcinogenesis and screens out intrinsic immune cells and immune-checkpoint molecules that interfere with tumor immune escape. 2) Clinical patient blood routine data were collected for the statistical analysis of peripheral blood immune cells during the progression of oral mucosal carcinogenesis. Immune cells in peripheral blood that may affect the progression of oral mucosal carcinogenesis were screened. 3) Immunohistochemical staining was performed on intrinsic immune cells and immune-checkpoint molecules validated based on data calculation in various stages of oral mucosal carcinogenesis. 4) Special staining was used to identify innate immune cells in various stages of oral mucosal carcinogenesis based on data-calculation verification. 5) Survival analysis was conducted on intrinsic immune cells and immune-checkpoint molecules validated based on data calculation during the process of oral mucosal carcinogenesis. The association of intrinsic immune cells and immune-checkpoint molecules with the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma was verified. RESULTS: The expression of monocytes and neutrophils increased during the process of oral mucosal carcinogenesis. The expression of eosinophils showed a single peak trend of up and down. The expression of mast cells decreased. In the process of oral mucosal carcinogenesis, the expression of the immune-checkpoint molecules cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4) and programmed cell death-ligand (PD-L1) increased. The expression trends of monocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils were positively correlated with those of CTLA4 and PD-L1 immune-checkpoint molecules. The expression trend of mast cells was negatively correlated with the expression of CTLA4 and PD-L1. Monocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils may promote tumor immune escape mediated by CTLA4 and/or PD-L1, thereby accelerating the progression of oral mucosal carcinogenesis. Mast cells may inhibit tumor immune escape mediated by CTLA4 and/or PD-L1, delaying the progression of oral mucosal carcinogenesis. CONCLUSIONS: Therefore, interference with specific immune cells in innate immunity can regulate the expression of CTLA4 and/or PD-L1 to a certain extent, inhibit tumor immune escape, and delay the progression of oral mucosal carcinogenesis.

Detection of Rehabilitation Training Effect of Upper Limb Movement Disorder Based on MPL-CNN.

Stroke represents a medical emergency and can lead to the development of movement disorders such as abnormal muscle tone, limited range of motion, or abnormalities in coordination and balance. In order to help stroke patients recover as soon as possible, rehabilitation training methods employ various movement modes such as ordinary movements and joint reactions to induce active reactions in the limbs and gradually restore normal functions. Rehabilitation effect evaluation can help physicians understand the rehabilitation needs of different patients, determine effective treatment methods and strategies, and improve treatment efficiency. In order to achieve real-time and accuracy of action detection, this article uses Mediapipe's action detection algorithm and proposes a model based on MPL-CNN. Mediapipe can be used to identify key point features of the patient's upper limbs and simultaneously identify key point features of the hand. In order to detect the effect of rehabilitation training for upper limb movement disorders, LSTM and CNN are combined to form a new LSTM-CNN model, which is used to identify the action features of upper limb rehabilitation training extracted by Medipipe. The MPL-CNN model can effectively identify the accuracy of rehabilitation movements during upper limb rehabilitation training for stroke patients. In order to ensure the scientific validity and unified standards of rehabilitation training movements, this article employs the postures in the Fugl-Meyer Upper Limb Rehabilitation Training Functional Assessment Form (FMA) and establishes an FMA upper limb rehabilitation data set for experimental verification. Experimental results show that in each stage of the Fugl-Meyer upper limb rehabilitation training evaluation effect detection, the MPL-CNN-based method's recognition accuracy of upper limb rehabilitation training actions reached 95%. At the same time, the average accuracy rate of various upper limb rehabilitation training actions reaches 97.54%. This shows that the model is highly robust across different action categories and proves that the MPL-CNN model is an effective and feasible solution. This method based on MPL-CNN can provide a high-precision detection method for the evaluation of rehabilitation effects of upper limb movement disorders after stroke, helping clinicians in evaluating the patient's rehabilitation progress and adjusting the rehabilitation plan based on the evaluation results. This will help improve the personalization and precision of rehabilitation treatment and promote patient recovery.

Comprehensive review on sexual dimorphism to improve scalp acupuncture in nervous system disease.

BACKGROUND: With the development of modern medicine, the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) combined with western medicine began to be produced and applied. Scalp acupuncture (SA) as a Chinese medicine based on neurological theory, has a great advantage compared with TCM in the treatment of nervous system diseases. METHOD: In this paper, we analyze the physiological and pathological manifestations of sexual dimorphism (SD) to illustrate the necessity of SD treatment. In addition, we review the factors that can affect SD and analyze in physiological structure, function, and pathological neurons. Diseases (pathological basis, pathological manifestations, and incidence) and factors leading to gender differences, which to analyze the possibility of gender differences in SA. RESULT: Furthermore, we creatively a new insight of SD-SA and provide the complete SD treatment cases on the basis of the existing SA in different kinds of diseases including stroke, migraine, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and depression. CONCLUSION: In summary, we believe that it is feasible to improve the clinical effectiveness of SA, which is able to promote the development of SA, and then provides an actionable evidence for the promotion of precision medicine in the future.

Factors influencing the development of executive function in adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#Executive function is an advanced cognitive process aimed at the flexible coordination, optimization, and control of the cognitive processes of task solving in order to accomplish a specific task, ensuring that the individual produces effective behaviors, including inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. Given the sensitivities and specificities that characterize an individual s physical and mental development during adolescence, this period is critical for the development of executive function in adolescents. In the paper, the influencing factors of adolescents executive function development are systematically described from three dimensions, namely, biology, environment and lifestyle; by analyzing the mechanisms and differences in the effects of different influencing factors, this editorial provides a scientific basis for adolescents executive function improvement and intervention.

Association between sedentary behaviors with cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function among adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the relationship between sedentary behavior with cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function in adolescents, and to provide some references for sedentary behavior prevention and executive function improvement.@*Methods@#From September to December 2022, a total of 5 018 adolescents aged 13 to 18 years were selected by stratified random sampling method in Shanghai, Suzhou, Taiyuan,Wuyuan, Xingyi, and Urumqi to conduct physical activity survey, as well as cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function assessment. Pearson s correlation was used to analyze the relationship between sedentary behavior, cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function. The mediation effect model was fitted by the bootstrap mediation procedure in the PROCESS (version 3.3 ) SPSS macro compiled by Haves, and the mediation effect of adolescents cardiorespiratory fitness in the relationship between static behavior and executive function was examined using model 4 in the PROCESS SPSS macro, where Boosrap method was used to compute the mediation effect of adolescents cardiorespiratory fitness. where the Boosrap method was used to calculate confidence intervals for the mediating effects.@*Results@#Adolescents daily sedentary time was positively correlated with both the refreshing function (1-back and 2-back) and the switch function reaction time ( r =0.05, 0.07, 0.05, P <0.01). Adolescent VO 2max was negatively correlated with both the refreshing function (1-back,2-back) and the switching function ( r =-0.09, -0.14 , -0.11, P <0.01). Adolescents daily sedentary time was negatively correlated with VO 2max ( r =-0.04, P <0.01); cardiorespiratory fitness mediated effect values between sedentary behavior and refreshing function (1-back and 2-back) and converted function were 0.20(95% CI =0.06-0.36), 0.43(95% CI =0.14-0.74) and 0.13 (95% CI =0.04-0.22), with mediating effect shares of 6.87%, 8.33% and 8.59%, respectively.@*Conclusion@#The duration of sedentary behavior in adolescents is related to executive function performance, and cardiorespiratory fitness may serve as a mediator to mediate the association between sedentary behavior and executive function in adolescents.

Intervention effects of moderate and high intensities of classroom physical activity on cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function among junior grade one students in Tibetan / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the intervention effect of different intensity of classroom physical exercise on cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function of Tibetan first grade students at high altitude, so as to provide reference for improving the level of cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function of Tibetan adolescents.@*Methods@#From September to December 2020, 184 Tibetan students from five first grade classes in a middle school in Lhasa, Tibet, were randomly assigned into a control group (81 students in two classes) and an intervention group (103 students in three classes). Both groups followed the same teaching programme, but the intervention group received 36 sessions of moderate to high intensity classroom physical activity, one session per day, Monday,Wednesday and Friday, for 12 weeks. Before and after the intervention, cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function were tested by 20m round trip running and Flanker s experimental paradigm, 2-back s experimental paradigm, and More odd shifting experimental paradigm for inhibitory control, refreshing memory, and switching flexibility, and the results were analysed by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) to compare the results of the pre and post intervention periods.@*Results@#The maximum oxygen uptake (VO 2max ) of Tibetan first grade students in the intervention group increased by 2.25 mL/(kg〖WW）〗·〖WW(〗min) compared with the control group after the intervention ( t =-3.89, P <0.01); the response time of the inhibitory function was reduced by 4.40 ms, that of the refreshing function by 196.06 ms, and that of the switching function by 92.72 ms in the intervention group compared with the control group ( t =2.98, 4.82 ,3.21, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The 12 week moderate to high intensity classroom physical activity intervention has different degrees of improvement effects on cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function in Tibetan adolescents.

Relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function in adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function in Chinese adolescents, so as to provide a reference for promoting the overall development of Chinese adolescents physical and mental health.@*Methods@#From September to December 2022, a total of 5 018 adolescents aged 13 to 18 years from Shanghai, Suzhou, Taiyuan, Wuyuan, Xingyi, and Urumqi were selected by stratified cluster sampling method to assess cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function. Pearson s correlation and linear hierarchical regression were performed to analyze the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and executive functions.@*Results@#Among the sample of adolescents, maximal oxygen consumption (VO 2max ) was negatively correlated with the refreshing(1-back, 2-back) and conversion executive function responses ( r=-0.07, -0.12, -0.12, P <0.01). Linear regression analysis showed that VO 2max was negatively correlated with the reaction times of the refreshing(1-back, 2-back) and conversion functions ( B=-2.99, -6.44, -1.69, P <0.01).@*Conclusions@#Higher cardiorespiratory fitness among adolescents is associated with better performance in executive function. Teenagers should strengthen high intensity cardiopulmonary endurance exercise to promote the improvement of executive function.

Executive functions of obese adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore of executive function in obese adolescents, so as to provide a reference for executive function enhancement intervention in obese adolescents.@*Methods@#A convenience sample of 1 227 adolescents aged 13-18 years was selected from 2 secondary schools in Taiyuan City during March-April 2023. The Flanker task, N-back task and More odd shifting task was used to compare the different subfunctions of executive function (refreshing function, shifting function, inhibiting function) of 61 obese adolescents and 70 normal weight adolescents. Independent samples t-tests was used for between group comparisons and Cohen s d -tests was used to calculate between group differences in executive function between the two groups of adolescents.@*Results@#Compared with the group of normal weight, time responses of the inhibitory function [(29.73±19.55)ms], the refreshing function [1-back: (1 088.75±275.76)ms, 2-back:( 1 285.44± 355.16)ms] and the shifting function [(380.34±153.18) ms] in the obese group were significantly longer than those in the normal weight group [(14.86±20.27, 888.38±286.57, 1 126.20± 287.43 , 323.12±134.71) ms] ( t =4.26, 4.06, 1.92,2.26, P < 0.05 ); inhibitory function (0.91±0.09) and 1-back (0.73±0.24) were also significantly less correct than in the normal weight group (0.94±0.05, 0.83±0.21) ( t =-2.04, -2.04, P <0.05). Obese adolescents showed moderate adverse effect sizes in the inhibition function ( d =0.746,0.712) and the refresh function 1-back, and smaller adverse effect sizes in the refresh function 2-back and the conversion function( d =0.497,0.398).@*Conclusion@#Obese adolescents have significant executive function deficits, but the degree of adverse varies across sub-functions, with inhibitory function being the core deficit component of executive function in obese adolescents.

Effects of intervention integrating physical literacy into active school recesses on physical fitness and academic achievement in Chinese children.

Background/Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of school-based intervention integrating physical literacy (PL) into active school recesses (ASR) on physical fitness (i.e., body composition, 20-m shuttle run, 50-m run, rope skipping, sit and reach, handgrip) and academic achievement (i.e., academic result of Chinese and Mathematics) in Chinese children. Methods: A total of 357 children (mean age: 7.8 ± 0.7 years; boys: 50.4%) were recruited from two schools and these two schools were randomly assigned as the intervention group (IG) and the control group (CG), respectively. The IG consisted of 155 children (mean age: 7.9 ± 0.7 years, boys: 51.0%), and 202 children (mean age: 7.8 ± 0.7 years; boys: 50%) were allocated to the CG. Children in the IG received a 10-week intervention integrating PL that was conducted during ASR. In the CG, children's regular school activity was remained during the intervention period. Generalized estimating equation was performed to compare the levels of physical fitness and academic achievement between the IG and the CG after intervention. Results: Regarding physical fitness, there was a significant group × time interaction on 20-m shuttle run (ß = -3.89, 95% CI [-5.08; -2.71], p < 0.001) and handgrip (ß = -0.70, 95% CI [-1.20; -0.20], p = 0.006). After intervention, children in the IG had a greater increase than the CG (p < 0.001) in terms of 20-m shuttle run and handgrip. In addition, the post-test analysis indicated that performance of children in the IG was significantly greater than those in the CG (20-m shuttle run: p < 0.001, handgrip: p = 0.002). There was a significant group × time interaction on academic result of Chinese (ß = -1.21, 95% CI [-1.91; -0.56], p = 0.001) and academic result of Mathematics (ß = 16.71, 95% CI [15.14; 18.143], p < 0.001). Statistically significant positive difference in post-test was observed in academic result of Mathematics between the IG and the CG (p = 0.012). Conclusion: The results of this intervention study indicate that intervention integrating PL into ASR could bring a promising effect on physical fitness and academic achievement in children. It is recommended that future studies are necessary to assess the effects of ASR-based PL intervention on physical and cognitive outcomes using a wide range of sample.

Biofeedback Respiratory Rehabilitation Training System Based on Virtual Reality Technology.

Traditional respiratory rehabilitation training fails to achieve visualization and quantification of respiratory data in improving problems such as decreased lung function and dyspnea in people with respiratory disorders, and the respiratory rehabilitation training process is simple and boring. Therefore, this article designs a biofeedback respiratory rehabilitation training system based on virtual reality technology. It collects respiratory data through a respiratory sensor and preprocesses it. At the same time, it combines the biofeedback respiratory rehabilitation training virtual scene to realize the interaction between respiratory data and virtual scenes. This drives changes in the virtual scene, and finally the respiratory data are fed back to the patient in a visual form to evaluate the improvement of the patient's lung function. This paper conducted an experiment with 10 participants to evaluate the system from two aspects: training effectiveness and user experience. The results show that this system has significantly improved the patient's lung function. Compared with traditional training methods, the respiratory data are quantified and visualized, the rehabilitation training effect is better, and the training process is more active and interesting.

Water-Assisted Programmable Assembly of Flexible and Self-Standing Janus Membranes.

Janus membranes with asymmetric wettability have been considered cutting-edge for energy/environmental-sustainable applications like water/fog harvester, breathable skin, and smart sensor; however, technical challenges in fabrication and accurate regulation of asymmetric wettability limit their development. Herein, by using water-assisted hydrogen-bonded (H-bonded) assembly of small molecules at water/oil interface, a facile strategy is proposed for one-step fabrication of membranes with well-regulable asymmetric wettability. Asymmetric orderly patterns, beneficial for mass transport based on abundant high-permeability sites and large surface area, are constructed on opposite membrane surfaces. Upon tuning water-assisted H-bonding via H-sites/configuration design and temperature/pH modulation, double-hydrophobic, double-hydrophilic, and hydrophobic-hydrophilic membranes are facilely fabricated. The Janus membranes show smart vapor-responsive curling and unidirectional water transport with promising flux of 1158±25 L m-2  h-1 under natural gravity and 31500±670 L·(m-2  h-1  bar-1 ) at negative pressure. This bottom-up approach offers a feasible-to-scalable avenue to precise-manipulation of Janus membranes for advanced applications, providing an effective pathway for developing tailor-made self-assembled nanomaterials.

Exploring psychological and psychosocial correlates of non-suicidal self-injury and suicide in college students using network analysis.

BACKGROUND: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicide are a serious health concern in young people. Remarkable progress has been made in understanding the correlates and risk factors for suicidality. However, it remains unclear the complex interplay between different factors and which factors are most saliently associated with NSSI and suicide risk and should be targeted for interventions. METHODS: This study utilized network analysis to examine the interrelationship between NSSI, suicide and a variety of psychological (e.g., depression, psychotic-like experiences) and psychosocial (e.g., childhood maltreatment, family dysfunction, being bullied and social support) correlates in a sample of Chinese first year college students (n = 2328). RESULTS: The severity of depressive symptoms was the only factor connected to both NSSI and suicide. Other psychiatric factors like psychotic experiences could only act in an indirect way via the bridging effect of depression. Emotional abuse, compared with other forms of childhood adversities, was found to be the most influential maltreatment form associated with suicidal ideation and attempts. Finally, social support showed the potential to lower the risk of self-injury and suicide in young people. LIMITATIONS: Only a subset of risk and resilience factors of NSSI and suicide were included. Causal inference was impossible due to the cross-sectional design. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlighted the importance of identifying risk groups with mental illnesses or negative childhood events, and providing additional support during the key time of transitioning into higher education.

Purification and characterization of a chicory polysaccharide and its application in stabilizing genistein for cancer therapy.

Genistein is an isoflavone with chemopreventive and therapeutic effects on various types of cancers. Apparently, in contrast to the advantages of multi-target therapy, the poor water solubility of this molecule is a major obstacle to its clinical application. In this work, zein/chicory polysaccharide nanoparticles (G-zein-P NPs) were prepared by pH-induced antisolvent precipitation method for the encapsulation of genistein. Firstly, an acidic polysaccharide (CIP70-2) with a molecular weight of 66.7 kDa was identified from the roots of chicory (Cichorium intybus). This natural macromolecule was identified as a plant pectin, for which the structure included RG-I (rhamnogalacturonan I) and HG (homogalacturonan) regions. Using this polysaccharide, G-zein-P NPs were prepared, in which the water solubility of genistein was improved by encapsulation. The encapsulation efficiency and loading efficiency of genistein by composite nanoparticles reached 99.0 % and 6.96 %, respectively. In vitro tumor inhibition experiments showed that the inhibitory effect of G-zein-P NPs on HepG2 cells was twice that of unencapsulated genistein. Moreover, the significant inhibition of tumor development and metastasis by G-zein-P NPs was observed in zebrafish xenograft models. The results suggested that zein/chicory polysaccharide nanoparticles may be a promising delivery carrier for genistein application in cancer prevention and therapy.

Associations between waist circumference and executive function among Chinese Tibetan adolescents living at high altitude.

Background: Associations between body composition and execution function (EF) were currently studied in low altitude (LA) areas. However, the research on the correlation between waist circumference (WC) and EF among adolescents living at high altitude (HA) was limited. Objective: We sought to explore the association between WC and EF in Chinese Tibetan adolescents aged 13-18 years in HA areas. Methods: After excluding invalid data and extreme values, 1,228 participants (583 boys and 645 girls) were eventually included. The areas of Lhasa (average elevation of 3650 m), Nagqu (4500 m), Qamdo (3500 m), and Nyingchi (3100 m) in China were chosen as study sites. Participants completed tasks to measure inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. The predictive association between WC and EF was explored by One-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and linear regression analysis. Results: After controlling for concomitant variables, the reaction time (RT) of responding to inhibitory control (difference incongruent and congruent), working memory (1-back, 2-back), and cognitive flexibility (heterogeneous, difference in heterogeneous and homogeneous) stimuli in subjects with WC ≥ 85th percentile was longer than that in those with WC of the 15th percentile or below [by 1.785 ms (95% CI: 0.078, 3.491), 208.734 ms (95% CI: 96.886, 320.582), 106.679 ms (95% CI: 16.485, 196.873), 82.307 ms (95% CI: 19.171, 145.442), and 58.397 ms (95% CI: 0.343,116.452), respectively], (P < 0.05). Conclusion: After adjustment for concomitant variables, WC was significantly positively associated with the RT of inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility among Chinese Tibetan adolescents in HA areas.

Ionic-Liquid-Assisted One-Step Construction of Mesoporous Metal-Organic Frameworks.

The synthesis of ionic-mesoporous-metal-organic frameworks (ionic-meso-MOFs) has received considerable interest in the fields of macromolecular adsorption, acid-base catalysis, ionic conductivity, etc.; yet, their synthesis still presents significant difficulties. In this study, functionalized mesoporous MIL-101-ILs (Cr) was facilely constructed via an in situ self-assembly method by using aromatic-anion-functionalized ionic liquids (ILs) as competitive ligands. It has been demonstrated that the inclusion of an aromatic moiety into an IL improves the coordination ability and is advantageous for the anchoring of ILs on Cr3+ via amino-metal coordination. Thus, ionic-meso-MOFs with a specific surface area of 441.9-624.9 cm2/g and an average pore diameter of 5.5 to 8.4 nm were successfully synthesized. Because of the presence of open Lewis acidic metal sites on the MOFs and basic active sites on the ILs, the resulting ionic-meso-MOFs demonstrated both an acid-base cooperative effect and a mesoporous structure, indicating a high potential for acid-base catalysis. This in situ synthesis procedure for ionic mesoporous MOFs offers a simple method for developing and fabricating multifunctional mesoporous materials.

The association of magnetoencephalography high-frequency oscillations with epilepsy types and a ripple-based method with source-level connectivity for mapping epilepsy sources.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) and epilepsy types and to improve the accuracy of source localization. METHODS: Magnetoencephalography (MEG) ripples of 63 drug-resistant epilepsy patients were detected. Ripple rates, distribution, spatial complexity, and the clustering coefficient of ripple channels were used for the preliminary classification of lateral temporal lobe epilepsy (LTLE), mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE), and nontemporal lobe epilepsy (NTLE), mainly frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE). Furthermore, the seizure site identification was improved using the Tucker LCMV method and source-level betweenness centrality. RESULTS: Ripple rates were significantly higher in MTLE than in LTLE and NTLE (p < 0.05). The LTLE and MTLE were mainly distributed in the temporal lobe, followed by the parietal lobe, occipital lobe, and frontal lobe, whereas MTLE ripples were mainly distributed in the frontal lobe, then parietal lobe and occipital lobe. Nevertheless, the NTLE ripples were primarily in the frontal lobe and partially in the occipital lobe (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the spatial complexity of NTLE was significantly higher than that of LTLE and MTLE and was lowest in MTLE (p < 0.01). However, an opposite trend was observed for the standardized clustering coefficient compared with spatial complexity (p < 0.01). Finally, the tucker algorithm showed a higher percentage of ripples at the surgical site when the betweenness centrality was added (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that HFO rates, distribution, spatial complexity, and clustering coefficient of ripple channels varied considerably among the three epilepsy types. Additionally, tucker MEG estimation combined with ripple rates based on the source-level functional connectivity is a promising approach for presurgical epilepsy evaluation.

Baicalin prevents fibrosis of human trabecular meshwork cells via inhibiting the MyD88/NF-κB pathway.

Trabecular meshwork fibrosis contributes to increased aqueous humor outflow resistance, leading to elevated intraocular pressure in primary open-angle glaucoma. Baicalin, an extract from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, has shown anti-fibrotic effects in liver, lung, and kidney diseases. However, its anti-fibrotic effect on human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells has not yet been clarified. In this study, we investigated its effects on TGF-ß2-induced HTM fibrosis as well as the underlying regulatory mechanisms. HTM cells were pretreated with baicalin, TAK-242, and baicalin + TAK-242 for 2 h followed by treatment with or without 5 ng/mL TGF-ß2 for 48 h. Cell viability was assayed using cell counting Kit-8 and fibronectin (FN), laminin (LN), and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were assessed by western blotting, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and immunocytochemistry. Further, the protein and gene expression levels of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway (TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB p65) were also examined by western blotting and RT-PCR, respectively. Thus, we observed that high doses of baicalin (40 µM) decreased (p < 0.1) HTM cell viability and 20 µM baicalin pretreatment was identified as the optimum pretreatment concentration. TGF-ß2 upregulated (p < 0.5) the expression of FN, LN, α-SMA, MyD88, NF-κB p65 proteins and mRNA in HTM cells, and these effects were inhibited by baicalin and TAK-242 (p < 0.5). However, western blot analysis showed that baicalin did not repress TLR4 expression in HTM cells. Therefore, our findings suggested that baicalin could prevent TGF-ß2-induced extracellular matrix (FN, LN) deposition and α-SMA expression in HTM cells by inhibiting the MyD88/NF-κB pathway.