Identifying type of sugar adulterants in honey: Combined application of NMR spectroscopy and supervised machine learning classification.

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a powerful analytical tool which can be used for authenticating honey, at chemical constituent levels by enabling identification and quantification of the spectral patterns. However, it is still challenging, as it may be a person-centric analysis or a time-consuming process to analyze many honey samples in a limited time. Hence, automating the NMR spectral analysis of honey with the supervised machine learning models accelerates the analysis process and especially food chemistry researcher or food industry with non-NMR experts would benefit immensely from such advancements. Here, we have successfully demonstrated this technology by considering three major sugar adulterants, i.e., brown rice syrup, corn syrup, and jaggery syrup, in honey at varying concentrations. The necessary supervised machine learning classification analysis is performed by using logistic regression, deep learning-based neural network, and light gradient boosting machines schemes.

Development of Cancer Management and Care in Central India.

This is a survey report regarding the facilities of Cancer Management in Central India, consisting of Madhya Pradesh, Chhatisgarh and Rajasthan. These three states are considered less developed states medically in comparison to the northern, western and southern states. Madhya Pradesh with large population has more than 7 cities having many cancer institution/hospitals with advanced radiation centre and surgical/radiological units to improve diagnosis and management. Similarly, Chhatisgarh, a tribal state, is advancing forward with 3 centres of Advance Management for Cancer Patient. Rajasthan, Jaipur is the main centre of Advance Cancer Management with many private units operating, benefitting a large population in the state. Beside this, 5 more cities have centres of excellence in treating cancer patients with advanced radiation facilities, expert oncology surgeon and investigative facilities required in investigation and diagnosis.

Partial rectangular metric spaces and fixed point theorems.

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the concept of partial rectangular metric spaces as a generalization of rectangular metric and partial metric spaces. Some properties of partial rectangular metric spaces and some fixed point results for quasitype contraction in partial rectangular metric spaces are proved. Some examples are given to illustrate the observed results.

G-weak contraction in ordered cone rectangular metric spaces.

We prove some common fixed-point theorems for the ordered g-weak contractions in cone rectangular metric spaces without assuming the normality of cone. Our results generalize some recent results from cone metric and cone rectangular metric spaces into ordered cone rectangular metric spaces. Examples are provided which illustrate the results.

Jejunal diverticulae: reports of two cases with review of literature.

INTRODUCTION: Jejunal diverticulosis (JD) is a rare disease of elderly people. Majority of diagnosed individuals are asymptomatic and found incidentally. The disease is clinically significant because of associated potential risk of serious complications. Due to the rarity and variable presentation of this clinical entity, diagnosis is often difficult and delayed, resulting in unnecessary morbidity and mortality. Clinical presentations, signs, diagnosis, complications and treatment of JD are discussed through a review of the literature and report of two cases. METHODS: A literature review was done for analysis of diagnosis, treatment and complications of JD. Two cases of JD diagnosed and treated in our institution are also presented. CONCLUSION: JD is a rare disease which has variable presentations and thus poses a challenge to our diagnostic skills. Awareness about complications and presentation of the condition is needed for early detection and avoiding unnecessary mortality.

Primary hyperparathyroidism: retrospective 10-year study of 32 cases.

BACKGROUND: Parathyroid glands are endocrine glands that regulate calcium metabolism. Usually four in number, they lie mostly on the posterior aspect of thyroid glands. Primary hyper-parathyroidism (PHPT) refers to a condition wherein they secrete an excess of parathyroid hormone leading to signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-two patients of primary hyper-parathyroidism were seen by us in the ten years. Majority of patients were below 40 years of age (88%). Male: female ratio was 1:4. The diagnosis was made incidentally in patients who reported for various signs and symptoms not responding to treatment. High serum calcium pointed to the diagnosis of primary parathyroid hyperplasia. It was confirmed by high level of serum parathyroid hormone and localization of enlarged parathyroid glands by USG / MRI and / or Tc-99 Technetium scan. Of the 32 patients examined, 43 parathyroid glands were excised, five cases had two glands excised; out of these 4 cases underwent parathyroid reimplantation in neck/forearm muscles. One unusual case underwent operation for giant-cell tumor of the head of humerus. This patient presented with excessive vomiting not responding standard medical management in post-operative period. RESULTS: During investigations serum calcium was found to be very high, the diagnosis was confirmed by finding high parathyroid hormone and corroborated by T(99) Technetium scan. Parathyroidectomy was done in all cases, of which 59% (18 cases) developed mild to severe tetany due to hypocalcaemia. CONCLUSION: Primary hyperplasia of thyroid gland is the most important cause of hypercalcemia. Hypercalcemia is found in all cases of PHPT in our series with high parathyroid hormone levels. Majority of our cases have one gland involvement and hypocalcaemia in our series is unusually high following excision of involved gland.

Contaminants in drinking water and its mitigation using suitable adsorbents: an overview.

Various options are applicable for the removal of water pollutants included reverse osmosis, ion exchange, coagulation, co-precipitation, catalytic reduction, herbal filtration, electrodialysis and adsorption. This paper deals with the sorption phenomena for the removal of pollutants from drinking water. Attempts have been made to use low cost sorbents developed by pretreatment/activation/impregnation with alkalis, acids, iron oxide, manganese dioxide, ferric chloride, alum, lime, aluminum salts with natural products/indigenous minerals viz. activated alumina, activated carbon, groundnut husk, saw dust, chemically coated sand, fly ash, zeolites, clay minerals and other plant products. Application of Freundich and Langmuir isotherms were used to assess the adsorption capacity. Equilibrium isotherms were determined at optimum temperature and pH to characterize the sorption process. Statistical parameters such as mass transfer coefficients, multiple regression analysis were applied to establish the mechanism. It is suggested that the characterization of suitable, and exhausted sorbent through the application of fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is essential to establish its surface bonding. Scope for safety evaluation and risk assessment to human and biosphere may provide the guideline and predication to the regulatory agencies for its sustainable use and safe disposal The ecotoxicological assessment of the leachates and low cost removal technology are discussed in this paper.