Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 6 de 6
Filtrar
1.
Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr ; 17(1): 74-86, 2024 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38371216

RESUMEN

Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Objective: The clinical decision to pursue harmonic scalpel (HS) method vs conventional hemostasis to treat head and neck cancers has been arguably predicated on the clinical outcomes observed. This study aims to evaluate the surgical outcomes of neck dissection between both techniques and perform an updated meta-analysis using the available literature. Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library through 31st December 2021, according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Outcome metrics included operative time and intraoperative blood loss. Secondary outcomes consisted of length of hospital stay, length of drain stay, total drain output, and postoperative complications. A meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager Version 5.3 (RevMan) software employing the Random Effects Model. Results: We identified 114 articles, out of which 10 randomized control trials (RCTs) analyzing a combined total of 558 patients met the inclusion criteria after title and full-text screening. Meta-analysis shows the group treated with HS had a significantly shorter operative time. [MD = -23.21, 95% CI (-34.30, -12.12) P value <.0001 I2 = 92%] but an insignificant lesser intraoperative blood loss [MD = -61.53, 95% CI (-88.61, -34.45) P < .00001 I2 = 79%]. Conclusions: This study confirms that that HS use in neck dissection yields a reduced operative time and intra operative blood loss relative to conventional hemostasis. Furthermore, our paper shows no superiority of HS method over conventional hemostasis where length of hospital stays, length of drain stays, and postoperative complications are concerned. Future RCTs with high-level evidence may further elucidate the relative effectiveness of HS method over conventional hemostasis in treating head and neck cancers.

2.
J Cardiol ; 82(3): 220-224, 2023 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37236436

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency has been identified as a risk factor for postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This is associated with significantly increased morbidity and mortality leading to not only prolonged hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) stay, but increased risk of stroke, heart failure, dementia, and long-term atrial fibrillation. This analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in preventing POAF in patients undergoing CABG. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and SCOPUS from inception to June 2022 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The outcome of interest was the incidence of POAF. Secondarily, we analyzed the length of ICU stay, length of hospital stay, cardiac arrest, cardiac tamponade, and blood transfusion. Results were pooled using a random-effect model. Three RCTs consisting of 448 patients were included. RESULTS: Our results suggest that vitamin D significantly reduced the incidence of POAF (RR: 0.60; 95 % CI: 0.40, 0.90; p = 0.01; I2 = 8 %). It was also observed that vitamin D significantly reduced the duration of ICU stay (WMD: -1.639; 95 % CI: -1.857, -1.420; p < 0.00001). Furthermore, the length of hospital stay (WMD: -0.85; 95 % CI: -2.14, 0.43; p = 0.19; I2 = 87 %) was also reduced, however, the result was not significant. CONCLUSION: Our pooled analysis suggests that vitamin D prevents POAF. Future large-scale randomized trials are needed to confirm our results.


Asunto(s)
Fibrilación Atrial , Vitamina D , Humanos , Fibrilación Atrial/epidemiología , Fibrilación Atrial/etiología , Fibrilación Atrial/prevención & control , Puente de Arteria Coronaria/efectos adversos , Factores de Riesgo , Incidencia , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/epidemiología , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/etiología , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/prevención & control
3.
Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol ; 47(5): 102111, 2023 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36931466

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The pharmacologic treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains unclear. METHODS: Two reviewers searched PubMed, SCOPUS, Cochrane Central and clinicaltrials.gov for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of patients with NAFLD with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) receiving TZDs vs SGLT2 inhibitors. The primary outcomes were change in alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and improvement in steatosis and fibrosis. The secondary outcomes were changes in lipid profile, body weight and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Random effects models with continuous outcomes as weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used. RESULTS: Five studies (n = 311 NAFLD patients) were included. Patients treated with SGLT2 inhibitors (n = 156) showed significant decrease in visceral fat area (VFA; WMD 23.45, p < 0.00001) and body weight (WMD 4.22, p < 0.00001) as compared to those treated with TZDs (n = 155). Patients from both groups showed improvement in AST (WMD 1.21, p = 0.40), ALT (WMD -0.46, p = 0.81), GGT (WMD -0.47, p = 0.84), hepatic fibrosis (WMD 0.11, p = 0.52), LDL (WMD 2.19, p = 0.35), HbA1c (WMD -0.16%, p = 0.20), HOMA-IR (WMD: -0.04, p = 0.91) and FPG (WMD -7.37, p = 0.28) which was equivalent and non-significant. CONCLUSION: The improvement in liver enzymes, steatosis and fibrosis caused by SGLT2 inhibitors and TZDs was similar. SGLT2 inhibitors, however, resulted in a significant decrease in VFA and body weight. As weight loss is found to have a positive effect on the resolution of steatosis and fibrosis in NAFLD patients, SGLT2 inhibitors may have the potential to be considered for long-term management, however, further research needs to be conducted to determine the utility of SGLT2 inhibitor class of antidiabetic drugs for effectively treating NAFLD.


Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico , Inhibidores del Cotransportador de Sodio-Glucosa 2 , Tiazolidinedionas , Humanos , Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico/complicaciones , Inhibidores del Cotransportador de Sodio-Glucosa 2/uso terapéutico , Hemoglobina Glucada , Tiazolidinedionas/uso terapéutico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicaciones , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamiento farmacológico , Peso Corporal , Fibrosis , Glucosa/uso terapéutico , Sodio/uso terapéutico
5.
Am J Infect Control ; 51(5): 582-593, 2023 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36007670

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines in pregnant women performing an updated meta-analysis. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Cochrane Central, and SCOPUS from inception to March 2022. Outcomes of interest were incidence of adverse maternal, fetal and neonatal consequences pertaining to safety of the vaccines. Secondarily, we analyzed the number of SARS-CoV-2 infections, hospitalization for COVID-19, and admission to the I.C.U. for COVID-19 assessing the effectiveness of vaccines. Results were pooled using a random effects model. RESULTS: Ten observational studies (n=326,499) analyzing pregnant women were included. Our results suggest that COVID-19 vaccination prevents infection (OR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.47, 0.67; P = <0.00001) and related hospitalizations (OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.31, 0.82; P = 0.006) effectively. It was also observed that vaccination does not change adverse outcomes in pregnancy, namely preeclampsia or eclampsia, stroke (four weeks of delivery), meconium-stained amniotic fluid, spontaneous vaginal delivery, operative vaginal delivery, cesarean delivery, postpartum hemorrhage, and blood transfusions. Furthermore, the vaccine was observed to be protective against neonatal COVID-19 I.C.U. admissions (OR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.81, 0.90; P = <0.00001). CONCLUSION: Our pooled analysis suggests that the COVID-19 vaccination in pregnant women prevents infection effectively and has no adverse outcomes. Future large-scale trials in a randomized fashion are needed to confirm our results.


Asunto(s)
Vacunas contra la COVID-19 , COVID-19 , Recién Nacido , Embarazo , Femenino , Humanos , Vacunas contra la COVID-19/efectos adversos , COVID-19/prevención & control , SARS-CoV-2 , Parto Obstétrico , Cesárea
6.
J Pak Med Assoc ; 70(1): 74-79, 2020 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31954027

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To assess knowledge among pregnant women regarding neonatal danger signs and to evaluate their healthcare seeking behaviour. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted at Civil Hospital, Karachi, from February to April 2018, and comprised pregnant females presenting to the hospital. They were interviewed through a structured questionnaire. Participants' knowledge regarding 12 neonatal danger signs was assessed. Those who could identify 3 or more such signs were considered to have a good knowledge. Data was analysed using SPSS 23. RESULTS: There were 468 subjects with a mean age of 25.17±5.18 years. Of the total, 416(88.9%) women were aged 18-35 years. Overall, 72(15%) subjects had good knowledge, while 366(78%) could identify at least one danger sign. Also, 318(82%) participants preferred visiting a hospital / clinic to seek healthcare. CONCLUSIONS: There was a severe lack of knowledge among pregnant women regarding neonatal danger signs. However, most participants realised the necessity of taking their neonate to a hospital / clinic for proper healthcare.


Asunto(s)
Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Salud Materna , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Pakistán , Embarazo , Complicaciones del Embarazo/terapia , Adulto Joven
SELECCIÓN DE REFERENCIAS
DETALLE DE LA BÚSQUEDA
...