Mineral requirements for weight gain in growing male Santa Inês and Morada Nova hair sheep.

This study estimated the net macro and micromineral requirement from the 48 male uncastrated lambs (24 growing male Santa Inês and 24 growing male Morada Nova hair sheep), with initial weights of 21.7 ± 1.2 kg and 20.8 ± 0.8 kg using the comparative slaughter method. The experimental diet consisted of 30% forage (Buffel-Cenchrus ciliaris (L) hay) and 70% concentrate (corn grain 43.5%, soybean meal 22.0%, vegetable oil 3.0% and mineral supplement 1.5%). The experimental design was a completely randomized with two breeds, four weights, and six replicate. Mineral requirements sufficient to promote weight gain in Santa Inês sheep ranged from 1.75 to 1.03 g Ca, 1.01 to 0.61 g of P, 0.38 to 0.21 g of K, 0.38 to 0.16 of Na, 0.10 to 0.06 Mg, 28.5 to 16.0 mg of Fe, 6.14 to 3.22 mg of Cu, and Zn 23.0 to 14.0 mg/kg per unit of empty body weight (EBW) gain. In the Morada Nova breed, the requirements ranged from 1.96 to 0.84 g of Ca, 1.15 to 0.46 of P, 0.39 to 0.19 of K, 0.28 to 0.13 of Na, 0.10 to 0.05 Mg, 26.2 to 12.9 mg of Fe, 5.59 to 2.46 Cu, and Zn 23.6 to 10.3 mg/kg of EBW gain. Mineral requirements varied mainly in accordance with the proportion of bone mass and fat concentration in the carcass, which were influenced by the slaughter weight of the animals, and therefore should be used in the formulation of dietary mineral supplements.

Ação cicatrizante da nanopartícula de prata com norbixina em queimaduras / Healing action of silver nanoparticle with norbixin on burns

Introdução: A queimadura é uma injúria que altera a integridade da pele, decorrente de traumas térmicos. Dentre os compostos não convencionais utilizados na cicatrização de feridas estão a norbixina e as preparações com prata. Objetivo: avaliar a ação cicatrizante da nanopartícula de prata associada à norbixina em queimaduras de Mus musculus. Métodos: Inicialmente, preparou-se uma solução nanoprata/norbixina e a partir desta obteve-se o gel teste. Posteriormente dividiu-se os animais em 3 grupos, sendo negativo (sem tratamento), positivo (sulfadiazina de prata) e teste (gel teste). Nestes animais houve a indução das queimaduras. No 7º e 14º dia realizou-se a eutanásia e os tecidos lesionados foram coletados para análise microscópica. Resultado: Verificou-se potencial vantagem do grupo teste em relação ao negativo e igualdade comparada ao positivo. Conclusão: A nanopartícula de prata associada à norbixina representa uma fonte alternativa para a cicatrização de queimaduras. (AU)

Introduction: Burning is an injury that alters the integrity of the skin, due to thermal trauma. Among the non-conventional compounds used in wound healing are norbixin and silver preparations. Objective: to evaluate the cicatrizing action of silver nanoparticle associated with norbixina in Mus musculus burns. Methods: Initially, a nanoprata / norbixin solution was prepared and from this solution the test gel was obtained. Afterwards the animals were divided into 3 groups, being negative (without treatment), positive (silver sulfadiazine) and test (gel test). In these animals, there was the induction of burns. On the 7th and 14th day, euthanasia was performed and the injured tissues were collected for microscopic analysis. Result: There was a potential advantage of the test group in relation to negative and equality compared to positive. Conclusion: The silver nanoparticle associated with norbixin represents an alternative source for the healing of burns. (AU)

How mechanical stresses modulate enamel demineralization in non-carious cervical lesions?

OBJECTIVE: To introduce an experimental non-carious cervical lesion (NCCL) model for studying the influence of presence and type of stress (tension or compression) on acid effects involved in NCCL formation on the enamel near the cement-enamel junction (CEJ). METHODS: 108 bovine incisors were cut into 18 × 3×3 mm3 beams, with a notch in the cervical region to generate a standardized area of stress concentration. Half of the specimens were immersed in distilled water and the other half in acetic acid solution (pH 4.5) for 72h. Each group was divided into three subgroups. Two subgroups underwent 800gf static loading, with the specimen positioned in a bending jig with the buccocervical region under either tension or compression. The load was applied simultaneously to immersion (in water or in acid). The third subgroup was not subjected to loading. Transversal and longitudinal 0.05 mm plates of the specimens were analyzed under a light microscope (40, 100 and 200×) to measure the enamel demineralization depth and to assess the presence of cracks, fractures and gaps at the enamel-dentin junction. The demineralization depth data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's test at a 5% significance level. RESULTS: Enamel demineralization depth (µm) was higher under tension (158±19 in transversal sections and 229±32 in longitudinal sections) than under compression (transversal: 129±16 and longitudinal: 167±10) or unstressed condition (transversal: 138±21 and longitudinal: 187±21). Specimens immersed in acid and subjected to tensile stress presented enamel micro fractures and wider gaps in the dentin-enamel junction. SIGNIFICANCE: Enamel demineralization was significantly higher in the presence of tensile stress, due to wider gaps between dentin and enamel, stress corrosion cracking and increased enamel permeability to acid.

Translation Hypersurfaces with Constant Sr Curvature in the Euclidean Space.

The main goal of this paper is to present a complete description of all translation hypersurfaces with constant r -curvature S r , in the Euclidean space ℝ n + 1 , where 3 ≤ r ≤ n - 1 .

Profilaxia antibiótica no contexto de cirurgias de terceiros molares retidos em pacientes saudáveis: é justificável? / Antibiotic prophylaxis in the context of impacted third molar surgery in health patients: is it justifiable?

Introdução: as cirurgias em terceiros molares retidos são procedimentos frequentes na prática clínica de cirurgiões-dentistas e estão associadas com inúmeras complicações trans e pós-operatórias. Alguns autores recomendam a utilização de antibióticos locais e sistêmicos com o intuito de prevenir essas complicações. Não obstante, a profilaxia antibiótica para extração de terceiros molares é objeto de controvérsias no tocante à sua eficácia com relação a prevenção de complicações pós-cirúrgicas onde evidências científicas acerca de suas vantagens e desvantagens ainda são limitadas. Objetivo: o presente trabalho objetivou buscar na literatura vigente evidências científicas acerca do papel da profilaxia antibiótica para prevenção ou redução de complicações infecciosas pós-operatórias no contexto das cirurgias em terceiros molares retidos em pacientes saudáveis. Método: para tal, realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica de caráter exploratório bases de dados eletrônicas SciELO, PubMed, EBSCO, EMBASE, LILACS, BIREME e Oviatt Library por artigos publicados em inglês e português nos últimos 5 anos, utilizando como descritores: amoxicilina/amoxicilin, antibioticoprofilaxia/antibiotic treatment, cirurgia odontológica/oral surgery, e dente serotino/third molar. Após o levantamento bibliográfico, procedeu-se com a seleção, tradução, leitura analítica e análise dos dados colhidos. Conclusão: existem controvérsias no tocante ao uso profilático de antibióticos para prevenção de complicações inflamatórias pós-operatórias em se tratando de cirurgia de terceiros molares retidos. No entanto, é possível afirmar com base na literatura vigente que no contexto de pacientes saudáveis, essa prática deve desencorajada.

Introduction: impacted third molar surgeries are common procedures in the clinical practice of dentists and are associated with several trans and postoperative complications. Some authors recommend the use of local and systemic antibiotics in order to prevent post-operative complications. However, antibiotic prophylaxis for third molar extraction is the object of controversy regarding its efficacy to the prevention of post-surgical complications in which scientific evidence about its advantages and disadvantages is still limited. Objective: this study aimed to search, in the current literature, for scientific evidences regarding of the role of antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent or to reduce postoperative complications in the context of impacted third molar surgeries in healthy patients. Methods: in order to achieve such purpose, it was carried out an exploratory literature review on the electronic databases SciELO, PubMed, EBSCO, EMBASE, LILACS, BIREME and Oviatt Library, searching for articles published in English and Portuguese in the last five years, using as keywords: amoxicillina/amoxicillin, antibiótico/antibiotic treatment, cirurgia odontológica/oral surgery and Dente Serotino/third molar. Following the literature review, it was conducted a selection, translation, analytical reading and analysis of the data collected. Conclusion: by way of general conclusion, there are some controversies regarding the prophylactic use of antibiotics to prevent postoperative inflammatory complications in the case of third molars surgery. However, it can be said that based on the current literature in the context of healthy patients this practice should be discouraged.

Avaliação da eficácia da clorexidina na desinfecção do sistema de água odontológica / Chlorhexidine efficacies evaluation on disinfection of dental unit waterline

Introdução: A água utilizada nos procedimentos odontológicos apresenta-se contaminada e pode causar infecção cruzada. Objetivos: Neste estudo, investigou-se a qualidade da água de equipos odontológicos e a ação de diferentes concentrações de clorexidina na redução da contaminação. Métodos: Os parâmetros de contaminação utilizados foram o da American Dental Association e do Ministério da Saúde. Realizou-se análise bacteriológica em amostras de água de 17 seringas tríplices para verificar a qualidade microbiológica da água tratada ou não com clorexidina in vitro. Testaram-se concentrações de clorexidina 0,4%; 0,2%; 0,1%. Utilizou-se clinicamente clorexidina 0,1% na desinfecção do sistema de água por um minuto em 13 equipos e realizou-se nova análise bacteriológica da água. Resultados: Todos os grupos-controles apresentaram níveis elevados de contaminação, 100% dos grupos tratados in vitro com clorexidina e dos equipos que sofreram desinfecção com clorexidina 0,1% apresentaram-se descontaminados. Conclusão: Clorexidina 0,1% foi efetiva na redução da contaminação da água odontológica.

Introduction: The water used in dental procedures is contaminated and can cause crossed infection. Objective: This study investigates the quality of water on dental units and the action of different concentrations of chlorhexidine in the reduction of this contamination. Method: The contamination parameters used were the American Dental Association and the Brazilian Health State Department. It was executed a bacteriological analysis of water samples from 17 air-water syringes to verify the microbiological quality of water treated or not with chlorhexidine in vitro. It was examined concentrations of 0.4%; 0.2%; 0.1%. One percent chlorhexidine was used, clinically, in disinfection of dental unit waterline for one minute in 13 dental units and a new bacteriological analysis of water was made. Results: All control groups showed high levels of contamination, 100% of groups with chlorhexidine in vitro and all dental units who suffered disinfection with 0.1% chlorhexidine were free of contamination. Conclusion: One percent chlorhexidine was effective in reducing contamination of the dental water.