Factors correlating with circulating T-zone-like cells of undetermined significance (TZUS) in dogs resident in Italy.

T-zone-like cells of undetermined significance (TZUS) share the same phenotypic pattern (CD45-CD5+) with T-zone lymphoma cells and were first described a few years ago in the peripheral blood (PB) of healthy aged American Golden retrievers (GR). History of bladder and eye disease increased the odd of circulating TZUS in the American GR population. Since differences among dogs may exist according to the geographical region of origin, herein we screened 489 PB samples to assess potential factors predisposing to the presence of circulating TZUS in dogs living in Italy. Overall, TZUS were found in 174 (35.6%) samples. Among 83 clinical variables, significant associations emerged with sex, age, diagnosis of neoplasia, history of neoplasia, history of infectious or parasitic disease, history of osteoarticular disease, presence of traumatic lesions or foreign bodies, and lymphocytes count. Only age and history of neoplasia retained significance at multivariate analysis (p=0.019 and p=0.036, respectively). Thus, older age and history of neoplasia are the main factors associated with circulating TZUS in Italian dogs. Future studies should focus on elucidating the biological role of TZUS and determining reproducible criteria for their identification, distinguishing them from infiltrating TZL.

[Ceftriaxone, a cephalosporin with high hepatic elimination. Evaluation of its biliary clearance in man. Therapeutic value]. / La ceftriaxone, céphalosporine à forte élimination hépatique. Evaluation de son passage biliaire chez l'homme. Intérêt thérapeutique.

The biliary elimination of ceftriaxone, a cephalosporin derivative, was quantitatively studied in man with the help of high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). In 6 healthy volunteers a mean peak concentration of 565 +/- 347 (SEM) micrograms/ml was observed in the aspirated duodenal fluid within the first hour after i.v. administration of 2 g ceftriaxone, and 1.4 +/- 0.5% of the dose was recovered during the 4 hours investigation period. In 10 cholecystectomized patients provided with a T-drain, the biliary concentration peak (1078 +/- 158 micrograms/ml) was reached within 1 hour after administration and the total 24 hours recovery amounted to 9.5 +/- 2.9% of the dose given. In 12 patients undergoing cholecystectomy, serum, and choledochal (CB) and gallbladder bile (GB) were peroperatively collected 1 hour after i.v. administration of 2 g ceftriaxone; the respective concentrations were: 199 +/- 10 (serum), 5259 +/- 1085 (CB), and 4533 +/- 809 (GB) micrograms/ml. These data point to excellent biliary elimination of ceftriaxone compared with the other beta-lactams previously studied, and afford evidence of its high therapeutic potential in biliary tract infections.