RESUMEN
Ipsilateral segmental fractures of the diaphysis and the upper end of the femur are relatively rare. They are encountered more frequently in patients with multiple injuries. The basic prerequisite of treatment is an early and accurate diagnosis which may prove difficult in particular in patients with multiple injuries. Conservative treatment is associated with a high incidence of complications, therefore the authors recommend urgent or early surgical stabilization of both fractures. As a rule the method of open reposition and stabilization by plates according to principles of the AO school with the known advantages and shortcomings of this method is used. The authors found intramedullary osteosynthesis by a combination of interlocking nailing and the use of screws useful in intracapsular fractures or else Ender's method in case of the localization of the proximal fracture in the trochanteric area. In both types of fractures new types of nails are useful (long Gamma nail, reconstruction nail of the second or third generation) which before now were not available. Key words: ipsilateral femoral fractures, surgical treatment.