RESUMEN
Thrombotic microangiopathies are rare disorders characterized by the concomitant occurrence of severe thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and a variable degree of ischemic end-organ damage. The latter particularly affects the brain, the heart, and the kidneys. The primary forms, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), although their clinical presentations often overlap, have distinctive pathophysiologies. TTP is the consequence of a severe ADAMTS-13 deficiency, either immune-mediated as a result of circulating autoantibodies, or caused by mutations in ADAMTS-13. HUS develops following an infection with Shiga-toxin producing bacteria, or as the result of excessive activation of the alternative pathway of the complement system because of mutations in genes encoding complement system proteins.
Asunto(s)
Proteína ADAMTS13 , Vía Alternativa del Complemento , Proteínas del Sistema Complemento , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urémico/fisiopatología , Púrpura Trombocitopénica Trombótica/fisiopatología , Escherichia coli Shiga-Toxigénica/patogenicidad , Proteína ADAMTS13/sangre , Proteína ADAMTS13/deficiencia , Proteína ADAMTS13/genética , Proteína ADAMTS13/inmunología , Autoanticuerpos/inmunología , Vía Alternativa del Complemento/genética , Proteínas del Sistema Complemento/genética , Proteínas del Sistema Complemento/inmunología , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urémico/genética , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urémico/inmunología , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urémico/microbiología , Humanos , Mutación , Pronóstico , Púrpura Trombocitopénica Trombótica/enzimología , Púrpura Trombocitopénica Trombótica/genética , Púrpura Trombocitopénica Trombótica/inmunología , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
A spin-type centrifugal spreader was evaluated using fresh and aged poultry litter upon dry mass, product nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), incubation study soil available N and particle size distribution patterns. Relative to the aged litter (37% moisture content), the fresh litter (17% moisture content) had greater <1.00 mm particle size fraction weights and atmospheric particulate was launched, which posed as a potential fallout to adjacent fields, waterways and residences. Relative to the aged litter, the broadcast fresh litter resulted in higher coefficients of variation (CV) over its transverse distance, a narrower calculated space distance between passes for uniform spread and lower soil available N concentrations. For nitrogen application over the broadcast transverse distance the fresh litter displayed a high R(2) best fit 4th order polynomial distribution pattern, while the aged litter showed high R(2) best fit 6th order polynomial distribution pattern. A soil incubation study of the fresh and aged broadcast litter resulted in a more variable or lower R(2) best fit 2nd order polynomial distribution pattern. For both the fresh and aged litter, the calculated distance between passes to achieve a uniform mass distribution was greater than that required for the broadcast of soil available N. For the fresh litter, the soil available N and litter P concentration levels strongly correlated (relatively high p and R(2) values) with the <1.00 mm fraction weight, while for the aged litter this relationship was not as significant. In addition to reducing the health risk (i.e. pathogens, antibiotic residues and resistant bacteria) and/or environment issues (particulate fallout onto waterways, adjacent fields and/or residences) our study mass, particulate and N distribution patterns results suggest that poultry litter should be allowed to age before broadcast application is attempted.
Asunto(s)
Agricultura/instrumentación , Fertilizantes/análisis , Nitrógeno/análisis , Fósforo/análisis , Potasio/análisis , Agricultura/métodos , Animales , Estiércol , Tamaño de la Partícula , Aves de CorralAsunto(s)
Efedrina/envenenamiento , Intoxicación por Manganeso/complicaciones , Intoxicación por Manganeso/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedad de Parkinson Secundaria/inducido químicamente , Enfermedad de Parkinson Secundaria/diagnóstico por imagen , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/complicaciones , Ultrasonografía Doppler Transcraneal/métodos , Adulto , Encéfalo/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Humanos , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
UNLABELLED: Stroke is a major global health problem. It is the third leading cause of death and the leading cause of adult disability. INTERHEART, a global case-control study of acute myocardial infarction in 52 countries (29,972 participants), identified nine modifiable risk factors that accounted for >90% of population-attributable risk. However, traditional risk factors (e.g. hypertension, cholesterol) appear to exert contrasting risks for stroke compared with coronary heart disease, and the etiology of stroke is far more heterogeneous. In addition, our knowledge of risk factors for stroke in low-income countries is inadequate, where a very large burden of stroke occurs. Accordingly, a similar epidemiological study is required for stroke, to inform effective population-based strategies to reduce the risk of stroke. METHODS: INTERSTROKE is an international, multicenter case-control study. Cases are patients with a first stroke within 72 h of hospital presentation in whom CT or MRI is performed. Proxy respondents are used for cases unable to communicate. Etiological and topographical stroke subtype is documented for all cases. Controls are hospital- and community-based, matched for gender, ethnicity and age (+/-5 years). A questionnaire (cases and controls) is used to acquire information on known and proposed risk factors for stroke. Cardiovascular (e.g. blood pressure) and anthropometric (e.g. waist-to-hip ratio) measurements are obtained at the time of interview. Nonfasting blood samples and random urine samples are obtained from cases and controls. Study Significance: An effective global strategy to reduce the risk of stroke mandates systematic measurement of the contribution of the major vascular risk factors within defined ethnic groups and geographical locations.
Asunto(s)
Diseño de Investigaciones Epidemiológicas , Accidente Cerebrovascular/epidemiología , Adulto , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Humanos , Factores de Riesgo , Accidente Cerebrovascular/etiologíaAsunto(s)
Servicios de Atención de Salud a Domicilio/estadística & datos numéricos , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Alta del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos , Rehabilitación de Accidente Cerebrovascular , Atención Ambulatoria/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos/organización & administración , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos/estadística & datos numéricos , Polonia/epidemiología , Estudios Prospectivos , Accidente Cerebrovascular/epidemiologíaAsunto(s)
Unidades Hospitalarias/estadística & datos numéricos , Hospitales Especializados/estadística & datos numéricos , Accidente Cerebrovascular/terapia , Fármacos Cardiovasculares/uso terapéutico , Pruebas Diagnósticas de Rutina/estadística & datos numéricos , Manejo de la Enfermedad , Utilización de Medicamentos/estadística & datos numéricos , Europa Oriental/epidemiología , Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Necesidades y Demandas de Servicios de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Capacidad de Camas en Hospitales , Humanos , Incidencia , Sistema de Registros/estadística & datos numéricos , Accidente Cerebrovascular/diagnóstico , Accidente Cerebrovascular/tratamiento farmacológico , Accidente Cerebrovascular/epidemiología , Rehabilitación de Accidente Cerebrovascular , Terapia Trombolítica/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
DNAs of four individuals demonstrating abnormalities in sexual development and mosaic 45,XO/46,XY karyotypes with terminal deletions of Yq were studied using a number of Y-specific probes. The results of these analyses allowed us to map several known DNA fragments within deletion interval 6 in the following order: Ycen-pDP105B/52dA, 50f2E, Fr25-II/Fr15-II, 50f2C, 49f-Yqter (groups of fragments in undetermined order separated by diagonal lines).