Platelet count and MCHC as independent prognostic markers for feline mammary carcinomas.

Mammary neoplasms are common in felines species and represent a significant disease for its unfavorable prognosis. Changes in the blood count and serum biochemical profile of these patients have potential as non-invasive prognostic markers prior to mastectomy, however, they are poorly described in literature. In this study univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using these factors to determine the effect of each parameter on the one-year survival time after the surgical procedure in these animals. The median overall survival (OS) and the disease-free survival (DFS) were 365 and 242 days, respectively. In univariate analysis, values within the reference range of monocyte, platelet and creatinine counts were identified as significant prognostic factors for OS and only creatinine was significant for DFS (P < 0.05). In the multivariate analysis, platelets and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) remained independent prognostic factors for OS. The results presented suggest that monocytes, platelets and creatinine may be important non-invasive pre-surgical prognostic markers, and that platelet count and MCHC are independent prognostic markers for feline mammary carcinomas (FMC). The correlation between such alterations is of important relevance for veterinary oncology, and prospective studies are needed to validate their clinical use and that platelet count and MCHC are independent prognostic markers for FMC. The results found in this study can also be studied in human medicine, regarding blood markers in human breast cancer (HBC).

Evidence that ectoparasites influence the hematological parameters of the host: a systematic review.

Ectoparasites are important to the one health concept because their parasitism can result in the transmission of pathogens, allergic reactions, the release of toxins, morbidity, and even death of the host. Ectoparasites can affect host physiology, as reflected in immune defenses and body condition as well as hematological and biochemical parameters. Thus, evidence that ectoparasites influence host hematological parameters was systematically reviewed, and the methodological quality of these studies was analyzed. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines were followed, and the studies included were limited to those that evaluated changes in hematological tests in ectoparasite-infested and non-infested animals, and bias and methodological quality were evaluated using the Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments guideline. Thirty-four studies were selected and information about the host, ectoparasite infestation, blood collection, and analysis was collected and compared whenever possible. In this review, the presence of ectoparasites influenced both the red series and the white series of hematological parameters. Among the main parameters analyzed, hematocrit, red blood cells, hemoglobin, and lymphocytes showed reductions, probably due to ectoparasite blood-feeding, while including eosinophils, neutrophils, and basophils increased in infested animals due to the host immune response. However, methodologic improvements are needed to reduce the risk of bias, enhance the reproducibility of such studies, and ensure results aligned with the mechanisms that act in the ectoparasite-host relationship.

Prognostic Factors for Cancer-Specific Survival and Disease-Free Interval of Dogs with Mammary Carcinomas.

Canine mammary tumors (CMTs) are the most diagnosed neoplasms in dogs; however, there are few studies analyzing the influence of epidemiological, clinicopathological, and histopathological data on cancer-specific survival (CSS), disease-free interval (DFI), and overall survival (OS) in a large cohort. To contribute to the understanding of the biological behavior of this neoplasm, 385 cases were analyzed, 89% malignant, 4% benign, and 7% non-neoplastic lesions. Among the dogs diagnosed with malignant neoplasms, 86% had early clinical stages (I-III), while 14% had regional or distant metastasis at the time of diagnosis. Carcinoma in a mixed tumor was the most frequent histological type with 44% of the cases and had the best prognosis. Analyzed factors such as the presence of pseudocyesis, previous history of the disease, advanced clinical stage (IV-V), and presence of ulceration obtained significant results for CSS, DFI, and OS through univariate analysis and had a negative impact on the survival of the patients. Multivariate analysis showed that histological grading and age proved to be the best independent parameters for the prognostic evaluation of CSS and DFI in this study. These factors were also significant in the overall survival analysis. Therefore, these parameters should be considered valuable risk and prognostic factors for CMTs.

Physical and chemical characteristics of meat from lambs fed sorghum silage with cashew bagasse.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing forage sorghum for dehydrated cashew bagasse (DCB) in the proportions of 0; 8; 16 and 24%, based on the natural matter at the time of ensiling on the physicochemical parameters of meat from feedlot lambs. None of the physical parameters evaluated showed a significant difference between the substitution levels of sorghum forage for DCB. The final pH obtained in this study showed a value above the recommended for freshly slaughtered meat from animals 24 hours in refrigeration, being considered DFD meat (dark, firm and dry). Regarding the chemical parameters, it was observed that there were no significant differences between the levels of substitution of sorghum forage for DCB to variable moisture and ash was perceived negative linear effect for protein and quadratic effect on lipid levels meat. The replacement of forage sorghum up to 24% of dehydrated bagasse cashew the ensilage does not compromise the quality of the meat, however, the substitution of 8% is to be preferred because it provides meats with lower lipid content.

Cluster of SARS-CoV-2 Gamma Variant Infections, Parintins, Brazil, March 2021.

High case counts after the Gamma (P. 1) variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 emerged in Brazil raised concerns that previously infected persons might become reinfected. Investigation of a cluster of coronavirus disease cases in Parintins, in the Brazilian Amazon, suggested household transmission but did not identify high rates of reinfection.

Consumption of phenolic-rich jabuticaba (Myrciaria jaboticaba) powder ameliorates obesity-related disorders in mice.

Accumulating evidence indicates that dietary phenolic compounds can prevent obesity-related disorders. We investigated whether the consumption of polyphenol-rich jabuticaba peel and seed powder (JPSP) could ameliorate the progression of diet-induced obesity in mice. Male mice were fed a control diet or a high-fat (HF) diet for 9 weeks. After this period, mice were fed control, HF or HF diets supplemented with 5 % (HF-J5), 10 % (HF-J10) or 15 % (HF-J15) of JPSP, for 4 additional weeks. Supplementation with JPSP not only attenuated HF-induced weight gain and fat accumulation but also ameliorated the pro-inflammatory response associated with obesity, as evidenced by the absence of mast cells in the visceral depot accompanied by lower IL-6 and TNF-α at the tissue and circulating levels. JPSP-supplemented mice also exhibited smaller-sized adipocytes, reduced levels of leptin and higher levels of adiponectin, concomitant with improved glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. The magnitude of the observed effects was dependent on JPSP concentration with HF-J10- and HF-J15-fed mice showing metabolic profiles similar to control. This study reveals that the consumption of JPSP protects against the dysfunction of the adipose tissue and metabolic disturbances in obese mice. Thus, these findings indicate the therapeutic potential of the phenolic-rich JPSP in preventing obesity-related disorders.

Jaboticaba (Myrciaria jaboticaba) powder consumption improves the metabolic profile and regulates gut microbiome composition in high-fat diet-fed mice.

The consumption of a high-fat diet can cause metabolic syndrome and induces host gut microbial dysbiosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We evaluated the effect of polyphenol-rich jaboticaba peel and seed powder (JPSP) on the gut microbial community composition and liver health in a mouse model of NAFLD. Three-month-old C57BL/6 J male mice, received either a control (C, 10% of lipids as energy, n = 16) or high-fat (HF, 50% of lipids as energy, n = 64) diet for nine weeks. The HF mice were randomly subdivided into four groups (n = 16 in each group), three of which (HF-J5, HF-J10, and HF-J15) were supplemented with dietary JPSP for four weeks (5%, 10%, and 15%, respectively). In addition to attenuating weight gain, JPSP consumption improved dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. In a dose-dependent manner, JPSP consumption ameliorated the expression of hepatic lipogenesis genes (AMPK, SREBP-1, HGMCoA, and ABCG8). The effects on the microbial community structure were determined in all JPSP-supplemented groups; however, the HF-J10 and HF-J15 diets led to a drastic depletion in the species of numerous bacterial families (Bifidobacteriaceae, Mogibacteriaceae, Christensenellaceae, Clostridiaceae, Dehalobacteriaceae, Peptococcaceae, Peptostreptococcaceae, and Ruminococcaceae) compared to the HF diet, some of which represented a reversal of increases associated with HF. The Lachnospiraceae and Enterobacteriaceae families and the Parabacteroides, Sutterella, Allobaculum, and Akkermansia genera were enriched more in the HF-J10 and HF-J15 groups than in the HF group. In conclusion, JPSP consumption improved obesity-related metabolic profiles and had a strong impact on the microbial community structure, thereby reversing NAFLD and decreasing its severity.

A arte do cuidado em saúde no território líquido: conhecimentos compartilhados no Baixo Rio Amazonas, AM / The art of health care in liquid territory: knowledge shared in Baixo Rio Amazons, AM

O título deste livro "A arte do cuidado em saúde no território líquido: conhecimentos compartilhados no Baixo Rio Amazonas, AM" não poderia ser diferente, pois dialoga com a mundo das artes que fazem parte da vida da cidade, dialogando com o cuidado em saúde e com o território caracterizado pela fluidez e pelo líquido. A arte da capa do livro partiu de um edital que buscou deixar livre a criação sobre o tema do livro. A ilha de Tupinambarana é cercada por águas que no inverno invadem terrenos e áreas em torno da cidade, criando novas paisagens e novos caminhos. Também esse livro, quer servir de muitos caminhos tanto para a pesquisa, como para a gestão e para o trabalho momentos de reflexão sobre si e sobre o lugar. Nesse meio tempo fomos atravessados pela pandemia do Convid-19 que mudou radicalmente nossas visões de mundo e as formas de conviver, viver e pensar os nossos modos de viver. Escrevemos essas palavras no isolamento social que nos autocolocamos pelo bem coletivo. Nesse sentido, produzir um livro depois dessa crise sanitária mundial, nos conecta ainda mais com o nosso lugar e com as responsabilidades que temos com as pessoas e todas as outras "gentes". A solidariedade e as diversas formas de colaboração nos animam para uma aposta na humanidade e nos projetos de vida.

Uraemic toxin-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in human endothelial cells: protective effect of polyphenol-rich extract from açaí.

NEW FINDINGS: What is the central question of this study? Does a polyphenol-rich extract from açaí have a potential role in preventing uraemic toxin-induced endothelial cell dysfunction? What is the main finding and its importance? Polyphenols from açaí prevented cell death, restored migratory capacity, protected from inflammation and contributed to the restoration of the antioxidant response in endothelial cells exposed to uraemic toxins. The protective role of açaí against toxic effects exerted by uraemic toxins presents a potential new therapeutic target in endothelial cells. ABSTRACT: In chronic kidney disease (CKD), progressive loss of kidney function results in the accumulation of protein-bound uraemic toxins such as p-cresyl sulfate (pCS) and indoxyl sulfate (IS). Among strategies to ameliorate the harmful actions of uraemic toxins, phenolic compounds have been extensively studied. The main goal of this work was to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions of phenolic-rich açaí seed extract (ASE) in response to endothelial dysfunction induced by IS and pCS, in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Cells were treated with ASE (10 µg ml-1 ) in the presence or absence of IS (61 µg ml-1 ) and pCS (40 µg ml-1 ). Cell viability, cell death, cell migratory capacity and inflammatory biomarker expression were evaluated. Cellular antioxidant response was measured through the activity and expression of antioxidant enzymes, and oxidative damage was evaluated. IS and pCS lowered cell viability, triggered cell death and lowered the migratory capacity in endothelial cells (P < 0.05). ASE prevented cell death and restored the migratory capacity in cells exposed to IS. Both toxins up-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, and ASE was able to beneficially counteract this effect. Tumour necrosis factor-α secretion was greater in uraemic toxin-treated cells and ASE reversed this phenomenon in cells treated with both toxins concomitantly (P < 0.05). With regard to the antioxidant response, superoxide dismutase expression was strikingly lower in cells treated with both toxins, and ASE inhibited this harmful effect (P < 0.05). From the results, we conclude that ASE exerted protective effects on inflammation and oxidative stress caused by uraemic toxins (particularly by IS) in human endothelial cells.

Antiadipogenic effects of açai seed extract on high fat diet-fed mice and 3T3-L1 adipocytes: A potential mechanism of action.

Body adiposity is an important risk factor for the development of chronic non-transmissible diseases. Studies on the process of adipogenesis have been extensively performed in vivo and in vitro models to describe the molecular and cellular bases of adipose tissue development and the effect of natural products in this process. The açai seed extract (ASE) has been evidenced as a potential regulator of body mass. In our work high-fat diet-fed mice treated with ASE (300 mg/Kg/d) (HFD-ASE) showed a lower adipose index (-32.63%, p < 0.001) than the high-fat diet-fed mice group (HFD) and the adipocytes from the HFD group were considerably enlarged (p < 0.001) compared to those in the control group (CG) and HFD-ASE group (+175% and +123%, respectively). We also evaluated the effects of ASE on the modulation of adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. ASE exposure (25 and 100 µg/mL) led to a decrease of 26.6 (p < 0.05) in proliferation and also inhibited pre-adipocyte differentiation through the decreasing expression (p < 0.05) of transcription factors and adipogenic proteins such as PPARÉ£, SREBP-1, and FAS. These results show that the ASE reduce adipogenesis and suppress lipid accumulation in the in vivo model and in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and reinforce ASE as a potential strategy to modulate adipogenesis.

Bait traps remain attractive to euglossine bees even after two weeks: a report from Brazilian Atlantic forest

ABSTRACT Bait traps are effective and commonly used method in the studies of orchid bees. Important questions in the context of this method, including those related to bait dispersion, how long baits remain attractive, the distance from which males are supposed to be attracted to lures and so on, are still open subjects. Data on the attractiveness of bait traps that have remained in the field during two weeks in a large Atlantic forest preserve are presented. Four main results emerge from the data: (i) the abundance of specimens collected per day decreased in all the attractants as the traps were left on the field; (ii) despite this decrease, the absolute number of individuals collected after eight and fifteen days is remarkably, mostly in eugenol and vanillin baits; (iii) the vast majority of species, 22 of 25, was already collected on the first sample day; (iv) a consistent variation in the relative abundance of individuals collected in each scent as collections were made. We urge that bait traps should not be left in the field beyond what is strictly necessary since there is a real possibility of collecting a significant number of individuals as these traps remain available.

Equidade étnicorracial no SUS: pesquisas, reflexões e ações em saúde da população negra e dos povos indígenas / Ethnic-racial equity in the SUS: research, reflections and actions in the health of the black and black population of indigenous peoples

A publicação foi elaborada com o objetivo de criar subsídios para trabalhadores da saúde que lidam cotidianamente com a questão da equidade étnicorracial no SUS. Desta forma é composta por tópicos que abordam as ações desenvolvidas para a implementação da Política Nacional de Saúde Integral da População Negra em Porto Alegre e sobre o panorama dos Povos Indígenas no Brasil no contexto da política de atenção à saúde dos Povos Indígenas na capital gaúcha. Além disso, agrega os trabalhados agraciados com o Prêmio Sony Santos no Simpósio Internacional de Saúde da População Negra, realizado em novembro de 2016, em Porto Alegre e os textos do Seminário Povos Indígenas e Saúde: desafios para a equidade no SUS.

Resultados do tratamento nutricional de uma clínica universitária aos pacientes com doenças crônicas / Results of nutritional treatment of a university clinic for patients with chronic diseases

Introdução: O atendimento nutricional e as modificações nos hábitos alimentares são fundamentais para o tratamento das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis. O presente estudo se justifica ao avaliar o perfil e a evolução do estado nutricional de pacientes atendidos na clínica de nutrição de uma universidade. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo analítico que utilizou dados secundários, obtidos através da análise dos prontuários dos pacientes atendidos entre fevereiro 2013 a novembro de 2016. Foram incluídos no estudo 50 pacientes, de ambos os sexos, com idade acima de 18 anos. Resultados e discussão: Os pacientes tinham idade média de 51,4 ± 14,2 anos, dos quais 76% eram do sexo feminino. Em relação às doenças crônicas apresentadas pelos pacientes, houve maior prevalência da obesidade. A maior parte dos pacientes, 84% apresentaram perda de peso durante o tratamento e 78% relataram aumento do fracionamento das refeições. Conclusões: Houve modificações do consumo alimentar que repercutiram na diminuição das medidas antropométricas e na perda de peso. O tempo de tratamento parece ser um fator que influenciou estes resultados

Introduction: Nutritional care and eating habits changes are fundamental for the chronic noncommunicable diseases treatment. The present study is justified in evaluating the profile and the nutritional status evolution of patients that are attended at a university's nutrition clinic. Method: An analytical study was performed using secondary data obtained through the analysis of the medical records of the patients attended between February 2013 and November 2016. It was included in the study 50 patients of both sexes, aged above 18 years. Results and discussion: The patients were mean age of 51.4 ± 14.2 years old, which 76% were female. In relation to the chronic diseases that the patients presented, there was higher prevalence of obesity. Most of the patients, 84% presented weight loss during the treatment and 78% reported meal fractionation increase. Conclusions: There were changes in the food consumption that had repercussions on the anthropometric measurements reduction and weight loss. Treatment time seems to be a factor that influenced these results

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Diploid male dynamics under different numbers of sexual alleles and male dispersal abilities.

Insects in the order Hymenoptera (bees, wasps and ants) present an haplodiploid system of sexual determination in which fertilized eggs become females and unfertilized eggs males. Under single locus complementary sex-determination (sl-CSD) system, the sex of a specimen depends on the alleles at a single locus: when diploid, an individual will be a female if heterozygous and male if homozygous. Significant diploid male (DM) production may drive a population to an extinction scenario called "diploid male vortex". We aimed at studying the dynamics of populations of a sl-CSD organism under several combinations of two parameters: male flight abilities and number of sexual alleles. In these simulations, we evaluated the frequency of DM and a genetic diversity measure over 10,000 generations. The number of sexual alleles varied from 10 to 100 and, at each generation, a male offspring might fly to another random site within a varying radius R. Two main results emerge from our simulations: (i) the number of DM depends more on male flight radius than on the number of alleles; (ii) in large geographic regions, the effect of males flight radius on the allelic diversity turns out much less pronounced than in small regions. In other words, small regions where inbreeding normally appears recover genetic diversity due to large flight radii. These results may be particularly relevant when considering the population dynamics of species with increasingly limited dispersal ability (e.g., forest-dependent species of euglossine bees in fragmented landscapes).

Conservation of mayflies (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) in Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil

Conservation of mayflies (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) in Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil. Ephemeroptera exhibits great diversity among bodies of freshwater in the Atlantic Forest, a biome that is suffering from massive human impact. Within this context, the creation of conservation units using biological information is more recommended than economic, cultural, or political criteria. The distribution pattern of 76 Ephemeroptera species was analyzed using the biogeographical methods Parsimony Analysis of Endemicity and Network Analysis Method in order to infer relevant areas for conservation of the mayfly community in Espírito Santo. The results obtained from both analyses were largely congruent, and pointed out four relevant areas for conservation: two in the south of the state, where conservation units or priority areas for conservation are well established; and two in the north, a region in the state where little conservation efforts have been historically done. Therefore, based on our analyses on mayflies, we recommend the expansion of the existing APCs or the creation of new APCs on the north of Espírito Santo.

School furniture and work surface lighting impacts on the body posture of Paraíba's public school students.

OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of school furniture and work surface lighting on the body posture of public Middle School students from Paraíba (Brazil). PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: The survey was carried out in two public schools and the target population for the study included 8th grade groups involving a total of 31 students. Brazilian standards for lighting levels, the CEBRACE standards for furniture measurements and the Postural Assessment Software (SAPO) for the postural misalignment assay were adopted for the measurements comparison. The statistic analysis includes analyses of parametric and non-parametric correlations. RESULTS: The results show that the students' most affected parts of the body were the spine, the regions of the knees and head and neck, with 90% of the total number of students presenting postural misalignment. The lighting levels were usually found below 300 lux, below recommended levels. The statistic analysis show that the more adequate the furniture seems to be to the user, the less the user will complain of pain. CONCLUSIONS: Such results indicate the need of investments in more suitable school furniture and structural reforms aimed at improving the lighting in the classrooms, which could fulfill the students' profile and reduce their complaints.

Analysis on the relationship between the school furniture and the work surface lighting and the body posture of public Middle School students from João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.

The main objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of school furniture and work surface lighting on the body posture of two public Middle School students from Paraíba (Brazil). The target population included 8th grade groups involving 31 students. Brazilian standards for lighting levels, the CEBRACE standards for furniture measurements and the Postural Assessment Software (SAPO) for the postural misalignment assay were adopted for the measurements comparison. The statistic analysis includes analyses of parametric and non-parametric correlations. The results show that the students' most affected parts of the body were the spine, the regions of the knees and head and neck and about 90% of the students presented postural misalignment. The lighting levels were usually found below 300 lux, below recommended levels. Such results indicate the need of investments in more suitable school furniture and structural reforms aimed at improving the lighting in the classrooms, which could fulfill the students' profile and reduce their complaints.

Avaliação da gestão terceirizada em uma unidade básica de saúde: resultados preliminares / Evaluation of outsourced management in a basic health care unit: preliminary results / Evaluación de la gestión a contrata en una unidad de salud: resultados preliminares

A terceirização da gestão, inclusive em unidades básicas de saúde, é uma realidade no SUS em decorrências daordem econômica neoliberal e ocorre tanto pela transferência da propriedade de entes públicos a entes privados,como mediante a delegação da gestão de serviços públicos para organizações privadas, sem necessariamentetransferir sua propriedade. O objetivo geral da pesquisa é avaliar a capacidade de gestão terceirizada em umaunidade básica de saúde com pronto atendimento no âmbito municipal do SUS em Salvador, Bahia. Como objetivosespecíficos definiram-se analisar o contexto sociopolítico da implantação da gestão terceirizada no SUS municipal eavaliar a capacidade de gestão nas dimensões organizacional, operacional e da sustentabilidade.Metodologicamente, trata-se de um estudo de caso de natureza qualitativa e quantitativa, cuja matriz de indicadoresfoi elaborada com base nos princípios da universalidade, resolutividade e controle social, e nos princípios queregem o novo gerencialismo público: transparência, autonomia e eficiência na gestão. Foi elaborada uma análise docontexto local, o que permite a inserção dos resultados numa perspectiva de superação dos tradicionais modelosdicotômicos de avaliação. Os resultados demonstram fragilidade nas dimensões organizacional e desustentabilidade e um bom desempenho na dimensão operacional pela organização que terceiriza a gestão. Indicamainda que é necessária uma intervenção imediata para superar as fragilidades da gestão, sem as quais existirácomprometimento da continuidade da assistência à população no curto prazo.

The outsourcing of management, even in basic health units, is a reality in the Single Health System (SUS) as aconsequence of a neoliberal economic order. This happens by the transference of property from public to privateentities, as well as through the delegation of public service management to private organizations, without necessarilytransferring its property. The general objective of the study is to evaluate the capacity of outsourced management in aSUS municipal basic health care unit in the city of Salvador, BA. The specific objectives are to analyze thesociopolitical context of the implementation of the outsourced service in the municipal SUS, and evaluate themanagement capacity in terms of its organizational, operational, and sustainable dimensions. This is a case studywith a qualitative and quantitative methodology. Its model of indicators was elaborated based on the principles ofuniversality, resolutionality, social control, and the principles that govern the new public management:transparency, autonomy, and efficiency. An analysis of the local context was elaborated, which allowed for theinsertion of the results from the perspective of exceeding the traditional dichotomist models of evaluation. The resultsillustrated weakness in terms of organizational and sustainability dimensions; however, it illustrated a goodperformance in the operational dimension by the outsourced management organization. The results also show thatan immediate intervention is necessary to treat the management system?s weaknesses. Without such intervention thehealth unit?s public assistance will be compromised in the short term.

La contrata de la gestión, inclusive en unidades básicas de salud, es una realidad en el SUS, en decorrencia de la ordeneconómica neoliberal, y ocurre tanto por la transferencia de la propiedad de entes públicos a entes privados, comomediante la delegación de la gestión de servicios públicos para organizaciones privadas, sin necesariamente, transferirsu propiedad. El objetivo general de la investigación es evaluar la capacidad de gestión a contrata en una unidad básicade salud con urgencias, en el ámbito municipal del SUS en Salvador, Bahia. Como objetivos específicos se definieronanalizar el contexto sociopolítico de la implantación de la gestión a contrata en el SUS municipal y evaluar la capacidadde gestión en las dimensiones organizacional, operacional y de la sostenibilidad. Metodologicamente, se trata de unestudio de caso de naturaleza cualitativa y cuantitativa, cuya matriz de indicadores fue elaborada con base en losprincipios de la universalidad, resolutividad y control social, y en los principios que rigen el nuevo gerencialismopúblico: transparencia, autonomía y eficiencia en la gestión. Fue elaborado un análisis del contexto local, lo quepermite la inserción de los resultados en una perspectiva de superación de los tradicionales modelos dicotómicos deevaluación. Los resultados demuestran fragilidad en las dimensiones organizacional y de sostenibilidad y un buendesempeño en la dimensión operacional por parte de la organización que contrata la gestión. Indican aún, que esnecesaria una intervención inmediata para superar las fragilidades de la gestión, sin las cuales haberá, a corto plazo,un comprometimiento de la continuidad de la asistencia a la población.

Electrocardiographic parameters of captive lions (Panthera leo) and tigers (Panthera tigris) immobilized with ketamine plus xylazine.

Twenty-seven healthy captive lions (Panthera leo) and 13 healthy captive tigers (Panthera tigris) from São Paulo Zoo (Fundação Parque Zoológico de Sã Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil) collection were selected for this study. They were anesthetized with ketamine (10 mg/kg) combined with xylazine (1-2 mg/kg) for physical examinations, hematologic and serum chemical analysis and electrocardiogram recording. The main aim of this research was to gather initial information about normal electrocardiographic parameters of large felids. Standard P-QRS-T deflections on leads described for domestic carnivores were analyzed, and they did not greatly differ from those of large felids, taking into account the greater weight and corporal mass of large felids. Heart rate of lions ranged from 42 to 76 beats per minute (bpm). Heart rate of tigers ranged from 56 to 97 bpm. In both species, the most common rhythm detected was normal sinus rhythm followed by sinus arrhythmia; wandering pacemaker was also observed with normal sinus rhythm or sinus arrhythmia. Mean electrical axis lay between +60 degrees and +120 degrees. QRS complexes were predominantly positive in leads DI, DII, DIII, and AVF, and negative in AVR and AVL. This study provides insights into normal electrocardiograms of large felids. Wider investigations on the same subject are necessary to establish criteria for the recognition of abnormalities in these species and should include other anesthetic drug(s) combinations and reports of electrocardiographic features of animals with cardiac disease and electrolytes disturbances.