RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Excessive visceral adiposity is known to drive the onset of metabolic derangements, mostly involving oxidative stress, prolonged inflammation, and cellular senescence. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a synthetic form of
Asunto(s)
Acetilcisteína , Senescencia Celular , Inhibidor p21 de las Quinasas Dependientes de la Ciclina , Interleucina-6 , Grasa Intraabdominal , Obesidad , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa , beta-Galactosidasa , Humanos , Acetilcisteína/farmacología , Grasa Intraabdominal/metabolismo , Grasa Intraabdominal/efectos de los fármacos , Senescencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Adulto , Masculino , beta-Galactosidasa/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Femenino , Obesidad/metabolismo , Obesidad/tratamiento farmacológico , Inhibidor p21 de las Quinasas Dependientes de la Ciclina/metabolismo , Inhibidor p21 de las Quinasas Dependientes de la Ciclina/genética , Inhibidor p16 de la Quinasa Dependiente de Ciclina/metabolismo , Persona de Mediana Edad , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/metabolismo , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Inflamación/metabolismoRESUMEN
Several randomized clinical trials have investigated the effect of dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on metabolic syndrome risk factors in adults. However, the results of these studies were conflicting. Therefore, our aim was to assess the effect of dietary AGEs on metabolic syndrome risk factors. We searched the PubMed-MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Databases, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Embase databases for papers published up to October 2019 that investigated the effect of dietary AGEs on metabolic syndrome risk factors. From the eligible trials, 13 articles were selected for inclusion in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was determined by I2 statistics and Cochrane Q test. Pooled results from the random-effects model showed a significant reduction for insulin resistance [weighted mean difference (WMD): -1.204; 95% CI: -2.057, -0.358; P = 0.006], fasting insulin (WMD: -5.472 µU/mL; 95% CI: -9.718, -1.234 µU/mL; P = 0.011), total cholesterol (WMD: -5.486 mg/dL; 95% CI: -10.222, -0.747 mg/dL; P = 0.023), and LDL (WMD: -6.263 mg/dL; 95% CI: -11.659, -0.866 mg/dL; P = 0.023) in the low-AGEs groups compared with the high-AGEs groups. There were no changes in the other components of the metabolic syndrome. The results of this review suggest that a diet with a low AGEs content has beneficial effects on insulin resistance, fasting insulin, total cholesterol, and LDL. Moreover, following a diet low in AGEs may be a helpful strategy to decrease the burden of metabolic syndrome risk factors in adults and particularly in patients with diabetes.