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BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly lethal cancer characterized by dominant driver mutations, including p53. Consequently, there is an urgent need to search for novel therapeutic agents to treat HCC. Andrographolide (Andro), a clinically available anti-inflammatory phytochemical agent, has shown inhibitory effects against various types of cancer, including HCC. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of its action remain poorly understood. PURPOSE: This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which p53 and p62 collectively affect Andro-induced HCC cell death, using both in vitro and in vivo models. METHODS: In vitro cellular experiments were conducted to examine the effects of Andro on cell viability and elucidate its mechanisms of action. In vivo xenograft experiments further validated the anti-cancer effects of Andro. RESULTS: Andro induced dose- and time-dependent HCC cell death while sparing normal HL-7702 hepatocytes. Furthermore, Andro caused DNA damage through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), a critical event leading to cell death. Notably, HCC cells expressing p53 exhibited greater resistance to Andro-induced cell death compared to p53-deficient cells, likely due to the ability of p53 to induce G2/M cell cycle arrest. Additionally, Andro-induced p62 aggregation led to the proteasomal degradation of RAD51 and 53BP1, two key proteins involved in DNA damage repair. Consequently, silencing or knocking out p62 facilitated DNA damage repair and protected HCC cells. Importantly, disruption of either p53 or p62 did not affect the expression of the other protein. These findings were further supported by the observation that xenograft tumors formed by p62-knockout HCC cells displayed increased resistance to Andro treatment. CONCLUSION: This study elucidates the mechanistic basis of Andro-induced HCC cell death. It provides valuable insights for repurposing Andro for the treatment of HCC, regardless of the presence of functional p53.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Diterpenos , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Humanos , Apoptosis , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/tratamiento farmacológico , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamiento farmacológico , Muerte Celular , Diterpenos/farmacología , Diterpenos/uso terapéutico , Línea Celular Tumoral , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Daño del ADNRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE@#To study the effectiveness and feasibility of cryogenic disinfectants in different cold scenarios and analyze the key points of on-site cryogenic disinfection.@*METHODS@#Qingdao and Suifenhe were selected as application sites for the manual or mechanical spraying of cryogenic disinfectants. The same amount of disinfectant (3,000 mg/L) was applied on cold chain food packaging, cold chain containers, transport vehicles, alpine environments, and article surfaces. The killing log value of the cryogenic disinfectant against the indicator microorganisms ( Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) was used to evaluate the on-site disinfection effect.@*RESULTS@#When using 3,000 mg/L with an action time of 10 min on the ground in alpine regions, the surface of frozen items, cold-chain containers, and cold chain food packaging in supermarkets, all external surfaces were successfully disinfected, with a pass rate of 100%. The disinfection pass rates for cold chain food packaging and cold chain transport vehicles of centralized supervised warehouses and food processing enterprises were 12.5% (15/120), 81.67% (49/60), and 93.33% (14/15), respectively; yet, the surfaces were not fully sprayed.@*CONCLUSION@#Cryogenic disinfectants are effective in disinfecting alpine environments and the outer packaging of frozen items. The application of cryogenic disinfectants should be regulated to ensure that they cover all surfaces of the disinfected object, thus ensuring effective cryogenic disinfection.
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Humanos , Desinfectantes/farmacología , Desinfección , Escherichia coli , Infecciones Estafilocócicas , Staphylococcus aureusRESUMEN
Objective:To assess the feasibility of transvaginal ligation of inferior uterine artery branches as a preoperative intervention for Type Ⅱ,Type Ⅲ,and mass cesarean scar pregnancy(CSP)at the cesarean scar site.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 39 patients with Type Ⅱ,Type Ⅲ,and mass CSP treated at the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Provincial from January 2021 to December 2022.Patients were categorized into two groups based on different pretreatment,the ligature group(n =20)underwent transvaginal uterine artery branch ligation,while the embolization group(n =19)underwent uterine artery embolization,both groups underwent laparoscopic pregnancy tissue removal and cesarean scar excision post-pretreatment.General data,intraoperative and postoperative clinical parameters,as well as follow-up data,were analyzed and compared between the two groups.Results:Compared with the embolization group,age,menopause time,number of preg-nancies,CSP type,myometrium thickness at the site of scar pregnancy,gestational sac size,preoperative anti-Mil-lerian hormone(AMH),blood flow resistance index(RI)at the scar site,preoperative white blood cell count,preop-erative C-reactive protein(CRP)and hemoglobin(Hb),postoperative CRP,preoperative white blood cell count,postoperative Hb,human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG)decreased ratio,spontaneous ventilation time,AMH and endometrial thickness at 1 month after surgery,there was no significant difference in the time of hCG return to normal after surgery(P>0.05).The intraoperative blood loss in the ligation group was higher than that in the em-bolization group,and the length of hospital stay and hospitalization cost were lower than those in the embolization group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The postoperative complications(abdominal pain,changes in menstrual flow,intrauterine adhesions,and impaired ovarian function)were less in the ligation group(0)than in the embolization group(21.05%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclu-sions:Transvaginal uterine artery branch ligation for Type Ⅱ,Type Ⅲ,and mass CSP pretreatment,in compari-son to uterine artery embolization,demonstrates safety,effectiveness,ease of operation,cost-effectiveness,and reduced postoperative complications.This approach proves to be a viable option for both emergency and non-e-mergency cases of Type Ⅱ,Type Ⅲ,and mass CSP.
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The total bacteria count has been attracting attention as an important pollutant in indoor air, and its standard limit was tightened to 1500 CFU/m3 in "Standards for indoor air quality (GB/T 18883-2022)".The technical contents related to the determination of the indoor air standard limits for total bacteria count were analyzed and studied, including the environmental existence level, exposure status, the health effects and the derivation of the limit value. It also proposed prospects for the future development and revision of quality standards for total bacteria count in indoor air.
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Humanos , Contaminación del Aire Interior , China , Contaminantes Ambientales , Bacterias , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Contaminantes AtmosféricosRESUMEN
The total bacteria count has been attracting attention as an important pollutant in indoor air, and its standard limit was tightened to 1500 CFU/m3 in "Standards for indoor air quality (GB/T 18883-2022)".The technical contents related to the determination of the indoor air standard limits for total bacteria count were analyzed and studied, including the environmental existence level, exposure status, the health effects and the derivation of the limit value. It also proposed prospects for the future development and revision of quality standards for total bacteria count in indoor air.
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Humanos , Contaminación del Aire Interior , China , Contaminantes Ambientales , Bacterias , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Contaminantes AtmosféricosRESUMEN
Objective: To establish and evaluate a method of enriching bacteriophages in natural water based on ferric trichloride-polyvinylidene fluoride (FeCl3-PVDF)membrane filter. Methods: Based on the principle of flocculation concentration, the method of recovering bacteriophage from water sample was established by using iron ion flocculation combined with membrane filter. The titer of phage was determined by Agar double layer method. The recovery efficiency of phage was detected by phage fluorescence staining and real-time fluorescence PCR reaction. Water samples from different sources were collected for simulation experiment to evaluate the enrichment effect. At the same time, the sewage discharged from hospitals was taken as the actual water sample, and the common clinical drug-resistant bacteria were used as the host indicator bacteria to further analyze the enrichment effect of FeCl3-PVDF membrane filter rapid enrichment method on the bacteriophage in natural water samples. Results: The method of enrichment of bacteriophages in natural water by iron ion concentration 50 mg/L and PVDF membrane filter was established. The recovery rate of this method for bacteriophage was 93%-100%. Under the multi-functional microscope, it was found that the bacteriophage of the enriched water sample increased significantly and the fluorescence value of the enriched water sample determined by the enzyme labeling instrument was about 13 times as high as that before enrichment. After concentration of the actual water samples from the hospital drainage, the positive rate of bacteriophage isolation in the concentrated group and the non-concentrated group was 23% and 4%, and the fluorescence value in the concentrated group was 2-24 times as high as that of the non-concentrated group. Conclusion: The method of FeCl3-PVDF membrane filter is a simple, efficient and rapid method for enriching bacteriophages in different water samples.
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Humanos , Bacteriófagos , Bacterias , Hierro , Hierro de la Dieta , AguaRESUMEN
Objective: To investigate the toxicity of tris (2-chloropropyl) phosphate (TCIPP) and tributyl phosphate (TnBP) on the growth and development of zebrafish embryos, as well as to explore the underlying mechanisms at the transcriptional level. Methods: With zebrafish as a model, two hpf zebrafish embryos were exposed to TCIPP and TnBP (0.1, 1, 10, 100, 500, and 1 000 μmol/L) using the semi-static method, and their rates of lethality and hatchability were determined. The transcriptome changes of 120 hpf juvenile zebrafish exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of 0.1 and 1 μmol/L were measured. Results: The 50% lethal concentrations (LC50) of TCIPP and TnBP for zebrafish embryos were 155.30 and 27.62 μmol/L (96 hpf), 156.5 and 26.05 μmol/L (120 hpf), respectively. The 72 hpf hatching rates of TCIPP (100 μmol/L) and TnBP (10 μmol/L) were (23.33±7.72)% and (91.67±2.97)%, which were significantly decreased compared with the control group (P<0.05). Transcriptome analysis showed that TnBP had more differential genes (DEGs) than TCIPP, with a dose-response relationship. These DEGs were enriched in 32 pathways in total, including those involved in oxidative stress, energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, and nuclear receptor-related pathways, using the IPA pathway analysis. Among them, three enriched pathways overlapped between TCIPP and TnBP, including TR/RXR activation and CAR/RXR activation. Additionally, DEGs were also mapped onto pathways of LXR/RXR activation and oxidative stress for TnBP exposure only. Conclusion: Both TCIPP and TnBP have growth and developmental toxicities in zebrafish embryos, with distinct biomolecular mechanisms, and TnBP has a stronger effect than TCIPP.
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Animales , Pez Cebra/metabolismo , Embrión no Mamífero/metabolismo , Transcriptoma , Estrés Oxidativo , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/metabolismoRESUMEN
Objective: To analyze the short-term effect of individual atmospheric PM2.5 exposure on the diversity, enterotype, and community structure of gut microbiome in healthy elderly people in Jinan, Shandong province. Methods: The present panel study recruited 76 healthy elderly people aged 60-69 years old in Dianliu Street, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, and followed them up five times from September 2018 to January 2019. The relevant information was collected by questionnaire, physical examination, precise monitoring of individual PM2.5 exposure, fecal sample collection and gut microbiome 16S rDNA sequencing. The Dirichlet multinomial mixtures (DMM) model was used to analyze the enterotype. Linear mixed effect model and generalized linear mixed effect model were used to analyze the effect of PM2.5 exposure on gut microbiome α diversity indices (Shannon, Simpson, Chao1, and ACE indices), enterotype and abundance of core species. Results: Each of the 76 subjects participated in at least two follow-up visits, resulting in a total of 352 person-visits. The age of 76 subjects was (65.0±2.8) years old with BMI (25.0±2.4) kg/m2. There were 38 males accounting for 50% of the subjects. People with an educational level of primary school or below accounted for 10.5% of the 76 subjects, and those with secondary school and junior college or above accounting for 71.1% and 18.4%. The individual PM2.5 exposure concentration of 76 subjects during the study period was (58.7±53.7) μg/m3. DMM model showed that the subjects could be divided into four enterotypes, which were mainly driven by Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, Lachnospiraceae, Prevotellaceae, and Ruminococcaceae. Linear mixed effects model showed that different lag periods of PM2.5 exposure were significantly associated with a lower gut α diversity index (FDR<0.05 after correction). Further analysis showed that PM2.5 exposure was significantly associated with changes in the abundances of Firmicutes (Megamonas, Blautia, Streptococcus, etc.) and Bacteroidetes (Alistipes) (FDR<0.05 after correction). Conclusion: Short-term PM2.5 exposure is significantly associated with a decrease in gut microbiome diversity and changes in the abundance of several species of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in the elderly. It is necessary to further explore the underlying mechanisms between PM2.5 exposure and the gut microbiome, so as to provide a scientific basis for promoting the intestinal health of the elderly.
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Anciano , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Femenino , Heces/microbiología , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Material Particulado , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genéticaRESUMEN
This study aimed to investigate the neurotoxicity induced by trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and the possible protective mechanisms of boron (B). Mouse BV2 cells were treated with TCA (0, 0.39, 0.78, 1.56, 3.12, 6.25, or 12.5 mmol/L) and B (0, 7.8, 15.6, 31.25, 62.5, 125, 500, or 1,000 mmol/L) for 3 h and 24 h, respectively. Then, reactive oxygen species, and supernatant proinflammatory cytokine and protein levels were analyzed after 24 h of combined exposure. Beyond the dose-dependent decrease in the cellular viability, it clearly increased after B supplementation ( P < 0.05). Moreover, B decreased oxidative damage, and significantly down-regulated IL-6 levels and up-regulated TNF-β production ( P < 0.05). B also decreased apoptosis via the p53 pathway. The present findings indicated that TCA may induce oxidative damage, whereas B mitigates these adverse effects by decreasing cell apoptosis.
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Animales , Ratones , Apoptosis , Boro/toxicidad , Estrés Oxidativo , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Ácido Tricloroacético/toxicidad , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/metabolismoRESUMEN
Objective@#To investigate the association of ambient fine particulate matters (PM2.5) exposure with anxiety in middle-aged and elderly people in China.@*Methods@#Using a stratified random sampling method, 5 997 middle-aged and elderly people (aged 40-89) who resided in the region for more than 2 years and had no hearing or language impairment were selected from 32 districts/counties in the key areas for air pollution prevention and control in China from October 10th, 2017 to February 7th, 2018. Information about demographic characteristics, socioeconomic factors and health status were collected by questionnaire survey and physical examination. The anxiety symptoms were assessed by 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scales. Three-year moving average concentrations of PM2.5 were calculated to estimate exposure level. The multivariate logistic regression model was conducted to assess the association between PM2.5 exposure and anxiety. The interaction of age, gender, overweight, education, smoking, drinking and chronic diseases was also analyzed by likelihood ratio test.@*Results@#There were 2 995 (49.94%) males subjects, 4 092 (68.23%) subjects with education of secondary school or above and 2 576 (42.95%) subjects with self-reported chronic diseases among the 5 997 middle-aged and elder participants. The prevalence of anxiety was 6.64% (n=398). The mean±SD of 3-year moving average concentrations of PM2.5, O3 and SO2 were (53.50±13.38), (90.58±13.26) and (40.29±12.56) μg/m3, respectively. PM2.5 had significantly association with anxiety, and the corresponding OR value was 1.17 (95%CI: 1.05,1.31) with a 10 μg/m3 increment of 3-year moving average concentrations of PM2.5. Compared with female (OR (95%CI)=1.07 (0.93,1.23)), those with no chronic diseases (OR (95%CI)=1.06 (0.93,1.20)) and those with primary school degree or below (OR (95% CI)=0.90 (0.75,1.09)), the association between PM2.5 and anxiety was stronger among male (OR (95%CI)=1.35 (1.12,1.63)) and those with chronic diseases (OR (95%CI)=1.77 (1.31,2.38)), middle school education (OR (95%CI)=1.43 (1.22,1.67)), college education and above (OR (95%CI)=1.68 (1.05, 2.67)), all the P interaction values were <0.05.@*Conclusion@#PM2.5 exposure has significantly positive association with anxiety. The associations are stronger in male, people with higher educational qualifications and patients with chronic diseases.
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Neck type cervical spondylosis, as one of the common types of cervical spondylosis, is a frequently occurring disease in orthopedics. The underlying pathogenetic basis is deficiency of positive qi (zhengqi). The disease is usually triggered by external contraction of cold in the neck area. The main clinical symptoms include pain in the occipital region, stiff neck and limitation of neck motion. Tuina (massage) is an effective treatment for this disease. It is effective in relieving symptoms as well as eliminating the underlying cause of the disease through warming yang and strengthening body resistance, regulating qi, and diagnosing and treating according to muscle and tendons conditions, and then address both the symptoms and root causes.
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Objective To observe the effect of systemic chemotherapy on conditions of tumor infiltrating,metastasis and disease-specific survival (DSS) for advanced retinoblastoma (RB).Methods Forty-one patients with advanced RB who received enucleation were enrolled in this study.There were 26 males and 15 females,age at diagnosis was ranged from 2 to 72 months,with a mean of 23.08 months.There were 16 bilateral patients and 25 unilateral patients;13 group D eyes and 28 group E eyes.16 patients received enucleation as the primary treatment (operation group),25 eyes received chemotherapy before enucleation (chemotherapy group).There was no significant statistical difference between two groups for the gender,unilateral and bilateral,international staging or diagnostic age (P>0.05).The histopathology report was performed to assess the risk of postoperative tumor-node-metastasis staging (pTNM) in each patient,and the extent of tumor invasion in the optic nerve,choroid and anterior chamber was divided into 3 levels of low risk,medium risk and high risk.Five deaths were all in the group E with chemotherapy before enucleation.Using R software survival analysis software package survfit function,the application of Kaplan-Meier estimation method,DSS of RB children was calculated from the time of diagnosis,up to the date of the death of patient.DSS differences between chemotherapy,operation group and eye removal time (more than 3 months,less than 3 months) in group E RB children were analyzed.Results The proportion of high risk pTNM stage in chemotherapy group was significantly lower than the operation group.But there was no significant difference between the two groups in the overall risk classification (x2 =3.130,P=0.077).For group D eyes,the overall risk classification in chemotherapy group was significantly lower than the operation group (x2 =5.870,P=0.015).There was no significant difference between the two groups in the overall risk of group E eyes (x2 =0.020,P=0.889).The DSS in chemotherapy group and operation group were 0.71 and 1.00,respectively;the difference was significant (x2 =3.700,P=0.05).The DSS in children whose enucleation delayed for more than 3 months and children whose enucleation performed within 3 months were 0.64 and 1.00,respectively;the difference was significant (x2 =4.800,P=0.028).Conclusion Systemic chemotherapy did not reduce the risk of tumor invasion and metastasis in patients with advanced RB.Instead,it will reduce the DSS in group E eyes of RB.
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Objective To analyze the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)among extreme-ly preterm infants,and to evaluate the treatment methods and effects among those with severe ROP.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed to analyze incidence of ROP in 96 cases of extremely preterm infants who were born at a gestational age of 〈28 weeks and survived beyond a postmenstrual age of at least 1 year from Apr 2006 to Oct 2013,and to analyze the treatment outcomes of photocoagulation and ranibizum-ab intravitreal injection among the infants with severe ROP.Results Fifty-six of 96 cases(58.33%)grew into ROP finally and 21 cases(21.88%)grew into severe ROP,2 cases(2.08%)grew into aggressive poste-rior ROP.Fifteen cases with severe ROP were treated with laser photocoagulation.Four cases with severe ROP were received ranibizumab intravitreal injection prior to photocoagulation.Two cases with severe ROP were only treated with ranibizumab intravitreal injection.The eyesight of 96 patients (100%)in this study were all preserved.Conclusion ROP screening should focus on extremely preterm infants because of higher incidence of ROP and severe ROP among them.The infants with severe ROP should be treated with laser photocoagulation in time.The infants in critical condition or with aggressive posterior ROP can be treated with ranibizumab injection.
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Objective To investigate elastic modulus of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) biofilm adsorbed on microcantilever substrate. Methods Parsegian’s empirical potentials based on mesoscopic continuum liquid crystal theory was employed to describe the interaction energy among coarse-grained DNA cylinders; Monte Carlo method was used to simulate the distribution pattern of DNA chains before and after loading. The thought experiment method combined with the compression bar model in the sense of macroscopic continuum mechanics was adopted to predict the elastic modulus of DNA biofilm. Results The elastic modulus of dsDNA biofilm ranged from 0.1 MPa to 80 MPa. Conclusions It was found out that the classic hypothesis with uniform hexagonal pattern may underestimate the elastic modulus of DNA biofilm when compared with that in random pattern. Moreover, either the increase of packing density or the decrease of buffer salt concentration will help to enhance elastic modulus of DNA biofilm. These results have great significances in further understanding the mechanical properties and regulation rules of DNA biofilm related with clinical work.
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Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWI),and to evaluate the management model of ROP screening of ELBWI and the clinical effects and treatment timing of photocoagulation with intravitreous injection of vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor (Avastin).Methods Forty-five cases of ELBWI (birth weight < 1000 g) survived finally in our neonatal intensive care unit from July 1,2004 to June 30,2011 were reviewed.ROP screening was regularly performed in 4 ~ 6 weeks postpartum with binocular indirect funduscope by ophthalmologists.Newborns with severe ROP were treated with laser photocoagulation in the fundus.Some newborns that developed aggressive posterior ROP(APROP) were treated with combined intravitreous injection of Avastin and photocoagulation.Results Thirteen of 45 cases (28.89%) had not developed to ROP finally.Six cases (13.33%) developed to stage 1 ~ 2 ROP and then spontaneous recovery during the follow-up period.Twenty-six newborns (57.78%) developed to severe aggressive posterior ROP (APROP) and need to be treated with photocoagulation.All 3 APROP infants (6.67%) were received intravitreous Avastin injection prior to photocoagulation.The visual acuity of all 45 patients (100%) in this study was preserved.Conclusion ELBWI have a higher morbidity of severe ROP.Timely screening and intervention are effective to prevent disease progression.Intravitreous Avastin injection prior to photocoagulation may be necessary to preserve the visual acuity of infants with APROP.Respiratory management is the key for post-operation care.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The 85th percentile of waist circumference (WC) is considered an appropriate cutoff for Chinese children in the prediction of cardiovascular risks in previous researches, but the risk for hypertension of moderate WC maybe underestimated. The purpose of this study was to understand the characteristics of the WC curve trajectory of children with hypertension and to determine the appropriate cutoffs for waist circumference for Chinese school-age children and adolescents for predicting hypertension risk factors.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 8194 Han children aged 7 - 17 years were selected from schools in Suzhou, Hefei, and Chizhou cities in Anhui province by stratified cluster sampling. WC and blood pressure were accurately measured in all subjects. LMS (lambda-mu-sigma) method was used to construct WC centile curves. Optimal WC cutoffs were determined by comparing the performance of different percentile sets of WC cutoffs in predicting hypertension risk factors.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The fitted LMS curves of WC for the group of boys with hypertension deviate in parallel from that for the corresponding curve in the entire boy study population with higher WC. The WC curves for the group of girls with hypertension gradually upward deviated from the corresponding curve before 12 years of age and then gradually returned to the corresponding curve. WC of boys at the percentiles of 60 was already associated with an increased risk of hypertension and hazard ratio of WC at percentiles of 60, 70, 80, and 90 increased from 1.88(95%CI: 1.18 - 2.99) to 4.87 (95%CI: 3.31 - 7.16). WC of girls at the percentiles of 70 was already associated with an increased risk of hypertension and hazard ratio of WC at percentiles of 70, 80, and 90 increased from 1.71 (95%CI: 1.07 - 2.73) to 3.32 (95%CI: 2.16 - 5.09).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The WC growth trajectory of children with hypertension varies with gender. WC is an independent predictor of childhood hypertension, even when it is well within what is now defined as the normal range of WC. Thus, it is helpful to prevent the risk of cardiovascular disease of children using the parameter that WC cut-off level lower than 85th percentile.</p>
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Adolescente , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Distribución por Edad , Índice de Masa Corporal , China , Epidemiología , Hipertensión , Epidemiología , Valores de Referencia , Factores de Riesgo , Circunferencia de la CinturaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Cytokine is a poly-functional and effective regulator factor to regulate growth of multiple cells. Researches suggest that, as an inflammatory medium, cytokines play a key role in inflammatory reaction of eye; however, there are rare studies on dynamic changes after traumatic cataract.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship among inflammatory reaction and dynamic changes of interleukin 1 (IL-1),IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in aqueous humor of rabbits after extracapsular cataract extraction.DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal study.SETTING: Shenzhen Municipal Ophthalmology Hospital, Shenzhen Municipal Ophthalmology Center Affiliated to Medical College of Jinan University.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in Institute of Shenzhen Municipal Ophthalmology Center Affiliated to Medical College of Jinan University from March 2004 to March 2006. Fifteen healthy adult New Zealand rabbits of 30 eyes,general grade, weighting 2.5-3.0 kg, of either gender, were provided by Animal Center of the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University [certification: SYXK (yue) 2005-006]. Eyes of rabbits were normal before experiment. All rabbits were randomly divided into normal control group, traumatic control group and operative group with 5 in each group and in total of 10 eyes in each group. IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α kits were provided by Shenzhen Yawei Biotechnology Company Limited.METHODS: Rabbits in traumatic control group and operative group were totally anesthetized with intravenous injection of 10% 1 mi/kg urethan, and then, 5# needle was punctured from corneal limbus to anterior chamber to scarify anterior membrane of lens about 5 mm to establish animal models of traumatic cataract of oculus uterque. Rabbits in normal control group were fed normally. After successful modeling, common antibiotic eyedrops was used to clean conjunctival sac of rabbits in traumatic control group and operative group 3 times a day. On the 3rd day of successful modeling, rabbits in operative group were totally anesthetized with intravenous injection of 10% 1 mL/kg urethan, and then, they undertook extracapsular cataract extraction of oculus uterque: horizontally intercepting bladder or waterly separating with breakage of anterior bladder membrane, expulsing nucleus of lens, washing lens cortex and suturing incisions. On the operative day and on the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days after operation, inflammatory reaction of anterior chamber in traumatic control group and operative group was measured and 0.2 mL aqueous humor was extracted from rabbits in three groups to count and classify cells; meanwhile, expressed level and dynamic changes of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α in cytokines of aqueous humor were measured with double-antibodies ELASA technique.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Total numbors of leucocytes and contents of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α in aqueous humor of rabbits in three groups after operation.RESULTS: ① On the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days after operation, numbers of leucocytes were (2.4±0.7)×106/L, (2,2±0.5)×106/L, (2.8±0.8)×106/L and (2.0±0.5)×106/L in aqueous humor; (19.7±7.3)×106/L, (28.1±9.6)×106/L, (14.2±5.6)×106/L and(8.4±3.8)×106/L in traumatic control group; (65.3±14.5)×106/L, (79.8±12.7)×106/L, (21.7±8.2)×106/L and (12.4±4.1)×106/L in operative group. In addition, numbers of leucocytes were more in traumatic control group and operative group than those in normal control group (F =22.5, 27.9, 11.6, 8.4;P<0.05). ② Within 1-14 days after operation, contents of IL-1, IL-6and TNF-α in aqueous humo were higher in traumatic control group and operative group than those in normal control group (P<0.05), and there was a significant difference between traumatic control group and operative group (P<0.05);however, there was no significant difference among three groups on the operative day (P>0.05). ③ Contents of cytokines reached peak on the 7th day after operation, decreased gradually, and reached the lowest value on the 14th day.Contents in traumatic control group and operative group were higher than those in normal control group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The intraocular inflammation after lens extraction is closely related to the dynamic changes of IL-1, IL-6and TNF-α levels in aqueous humor. Cytokine may be one of crucially inflammatory agents in the eyes after traumatic cataract.
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Objective To analyze the value of MRI in the diagnosis of giant cell tumor of tendon sheath(GCTTS). MethodsThe MR images of 21 GCTTS cases including 3 cases of recurrences were retrospectively evaluated.All were confirmed giant cell tumor of tendon sheath by surgery and pathology.All the patiens were examined by MRI,and 19 received contrast enhanced MRI.The characteristics of MRI presentations were explored.Results Of the 21 cases,17 were in diffuse form and 4 in localized form.On T1WI,the signal intensities of the giant cell tumor of tendon sheath almost equalled to those of skeletal muscle in 18 cases and were slightly lower than those of skeletal muscle in 3 cases.On T2WI,the signal intensities tended to range between those of skeletal muscle and fat in 7 cases,almost equalled to those of skeletal muscle in 12 cases,and were slightly lower than those of skeletal muscle in 2 cases.Of the 19 cases with gadolinium-enhanced images,17 showed inhomogeneous enhancement and 2 homogeneous enhancement,and all were observed with a fat suppression sequence on T1WI. Conclusion MRI is able to depict the characteristic internal signal of giant cell tumor of tendon sheath,which is a valuable for diagnosis,treatment and follow-up.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the molecular mechanisms of G(2)/M checkpoint initiated by diallyl disulfide (DADS) in HL-60 cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Cell cycle was assayed by flow cytometry. The expression of phospho-p38, Cdc25B and Cdc2, and p38 mRNA were measured by Western blotting and RT-PCR, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment with DADS at 5 - 160 micro mol/L for 0 - 72 h, the growth of HL-60 cells were suppressed in a concentration-dependent manner and the inhibitory effect of DADS (20 micro mol/L) was similar to that of ATRA (10 nmol/L) (P > 0.05). Incubation of HL-60 cells with DADS (20 micro mol/L) for 12 h could activate G(2)/M checkpoint and increase the expression of phospho-p38 MAPK, followed by the expression of phospho-Cdc25B and phospho-Cdc2 (P < 0.05). SB202190, a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK, markedly blocked the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, Cdc25B and Cdc2 (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DADS could induce the G(2)/M arrest in HL-60 cells which may be involved in the activation of p38 MAP kinase.</p>
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Humanos , Compuestos Alílicos , Farmacología , Western Blotting , Proteína Quinasa CDC2 , Genética , Metabolismo , División Celular , Proliferación Celular , Supervivencia Celular , Disulfuros , Farmacología , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Activación Enzimática , Citometría de Flujo , Fase G2 , Expresión Génica , Células HL-60 , Fosforilación , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Fosfatasas cdc25 , Genética , Metabolismo , Proteínas Quinasas p38 Activadas por Mitógenos , Genética , MetabolismoRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the significance of thyroid calcification for diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Retrospective analysis of 817 thyroid nodules' pre-operative ultrasonic and postoperative pathologic results.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Total ultrasonic thyroid calcification ratio was 18.1% (148/817). Total pathologic thyroid calcification ratio was 19.6% (160/817), which in benign samples was lower than that in malignant samples (13.1% vs 53.5%, P < 0.01). Micro-calcification ratio in benign samples was lower than that in malignant samples (2.9% vs 38.6%, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Thyroid nodules with calcification especially micro-calcification is considered to be the most specific sign of thyroid carcinoma, so the detection of it should be an important diagnostic criterion.</p>