Measles outbreak registered by the District Sanitary-Epidemiological Station in Czestochowa in 2013.

INTRODUCTION: Since 2001, Poland has been committed to measles elimination programme coordinated by the World Health Organization. This programme is intended to sustain 95% coverage with measles vaccines and ensure laboratory confirmation of suspected measles cases. In 2013, a total of 89 measles cases were reported in Poland. Of them, 14 cases were notified to the District Sanitary-Epidemiological Station (DSES) in Czestochowa. PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological situation of measles in Czestochowa with focus on the increase in measles incidence observed in the second quarter of 2013. MATERIAL AND METHODS: To analyze the epidemiological situation of measles, the reports on the cases of infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland in 2000-2013 (MZ-56) from the National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene (NIPH-NIH) and Czestochowa DSES were employed. The analysis of immunization coverage of children and adolescents in selected year groups in 2009-2012 was performed using the data retrieved from annual reports issued by Czestochowa DSES (MZ-54). RESULTS: In 2000-2012, three cases of measles were notified to Czestochowa DSES. Of them, two cases and one case were reported in 2003 and 2011, respectively. In 2013, an increase in the number of measles cases and measles incidence was observed. A total of 14 adult cases, aged 22-38 years, were reported and the incidence was 3.78 per 100,000. Of them, 13 cases were males (93% of the total). The infection affected 8 inmates of the Day Care Centre in Czestochowa, 2 individuals who lived near this institution and 4 individuals who were not epidemiologically linked to the outbreak. Of the cases, 12 individuals were hospitalized, i.e. 86% of all cases. Of 14 reported cases, only one individual had a history of measles vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: Measles remains a highly infectious disease which can be easily transmitted in the unvaccinated population.

[Adverse events following immunization reported to the district sanitary-epidemiological station in Czestochowa in 2006-2010]. / Niepozadane odczyny poszczepienne zgloszone do powiatowej stacji sanitarno-epidemiologicznej w Czestochowie w latach 2006-2010.

INTRODUCTION: Obligatory reporting of adverse effects following immunization (AEFI) was introduced in Poland in 1995. In 2006-2010 number of AEFI reported to the District Sanitary-Epidemiological Station in Czestochowa was 70. For the same period in the whole country 4552 cases were reported. PURPOSE: Purpose of the study was to perform epidemiological analysis of cases reported in Czestochowa and to compare the results with the data for the whole country. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For analysis AEFI, data was obtained from the AEFI register held in PSSE in Czestochowa, and the data of National Institute of Public Health-PZH for 2006-2010. The analysis included the number and frequency of AEFI, the type of vaccine involved with the cases, and the character of the reaction. RESULTS: Most frequently, AEFI reported to the PSSE occured after BCG vaccination--15 cases (21.4% of the total) and after DTP--14 cases (20%). AEFI other than BCG occurred in 55 cases, representing 78.6% of all reported. 37 AEFI (53% of all reported cases) was after vaccines with the pertussis component . In all instances, AEFI against measles, mumps and rubella occurred after the first dose of vaccine. In the analyzed period, it was observed steady increase in the total number of AEFI, which was associated with the increase in the number of infections covered by the vaccinations: Haemophilus influenzae type b, pneumococcal, varicella, human papillomavirus, and rotavirus. Adverse events following immunization reported in 2006-2010 to the PSSE in Czestochowa were mild reactions, which did not result in permanent adverse health complications. Trends for changes in the epidemiology ofAEFI in Czestochowa are similar to those in the the entire country. CONCLUSION: The observed increase in the total number of AEFI is associated with an increase in the number of vaccinations performed in Poland.