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1.
Front Glob Womens Health ; 5: 1356609, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38939751

RESUMEN

The introduction of vaccines marked a game changer in the fight against COVID-19. In sub-Saharan Africa, studies have documented the intention to vaccinate and the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines. However, little is documented about how sex differences could have impacted COVID-19 vaccination. We conducted a multi-country cross-sectional study to assess the sex differences in COVID-19 vaccine uptake and intention to vaccinate in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Nigeria, Senegal, and Uganda. This study involved analysis of data from mobile surveys conducted between March and June 2022 among nationally constituted samples of adults in each country. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were run. The self-reported uptake of COVID-19 vaccines was not significantly different between males and females (p = 0.47), while the intention to vaccinate was significantly higher among males (p = 0.008). Among males, obtaining COVID-19 information from health workers, testing for COVID-19, and having high trust in the Ministry of Health were associated with higher vaccination uptake. Among females, having high trust in the government was associated with higher vaccination uptake. For intention to vaccinate, males who resided in semi-urban areas and females who resided in rural areas had significantly higher vaccination intention compared to their counterparts in urban areas. Other factors positively associated with vaccination intention among males were trust in the World Health Organization and perceived truthfulness of institutions, while males from households with a higher socio-economic index and those who had declined a vaccine before had a lower vaccine intention. Overall, the factors differentiating vaccine uptake and intention to vaccinate among males and females were mostly related to trust in government institutions, perceived truthfulness of institutions, and respondent's residence. These factors are key in guiding the tailoring of interventions to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake in sub-Saharan Africa and similar contexts.

2.
BMC Public Health ; 24(1): 987, 2024 Apr 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38589810

RESUMEN

International development work involves external partners bringing expertise, resources, and management for local interventions in LMICs, but there is often a gap in understandings of relevant local shared values. There is a widespread need to better design interventions which accommodate relevant elements of local culture, as emphasised by recent discussions in global health research regarding neo-colonialism. One recent innovation is the concept of producing 'cultural protocols' to precede and guide community engagement or intervention design, but without suggestions for generating them. This study explores and demonstrates the potential of an approach taken from another field, named WeValue InSitu, to generate local culturally-informed protocols. WeValue InSitu engages stakeholder groups in meaning-making processes which 'crystallize' their envelope of local shared values, making them communicable to outsiders.Our research context is understanding and reducing child stunting, including developing interventions, carried out at the Senegal and Indonesia sites of the UKRI GCRF Action Against Stunting Hub. Each national research team involves eight health disciplines from micro-nutrition to epigenetics, and extensive collection of samples and questionnaires. Local culturally-informed protocols would be generally valuable to pre-inform engagement and intervention designs. Here we explore generating them by immediately following the group WeValue InSitu crystallization process with specialised focus group discussions exploring: what local life practices potentially have significant influence on the environments affecting child stunting, and which cultural elements do they highlight as relevant. The discussions will be framed by the shared values, and reveal linkages to them. In this study, stakeholder groups like fathers, mothers, teachers, market traders, administrators, farmers and health workers were recruited, totalling 83 participants across 20 groups. Themes found relevant for a culturally-informed protocol for locally-acceptable food interventions included: specific gender roles; social hierarchies; health service access challenges; traditional beliefs around malnutrition; and attitudes to accepting outside help. The concept of a grounded culturally-informed protocol, and the use of WeValue InSitu to generate it, has thus been demonstrated here. Future work to scope out the advantages and limitations compared to deductive culture studies, and to using other formative research methods would now be useful.


Asunto(s)
Desnutrición , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Trastornos del Crecimiento/prevención & control , Indonesia , Madres , Senegal , Masculino
3.
Artículo en Francés | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1560823

RESUMEN

La supplémentation en vitamine A (SVA) est une des stratégies de prévention de la carence en vitamine A. L'objectif était d'étudier les déterminants de la SVA au Sénégal. Ils'agissait d'une analyse secondaire de l'enquête démographique et de santé conduite en 2017. Un échantillonnage en grappes à deux degrés était réalisé. La population d'étude était constituée des enfants âgés de 6 à59 mois. La régression logistique a permis l'identification des déterminants de la SVA. L'odds ratio ajusté (ORA) et son intervalle de confiance à 95% (IC95%) étaient calculés. La couverture en SVA était de 63,8%. Ses déterminants étaient le fait de résider dans les régions Sud-Est (ORA = 2,88 ; IC95%= 2,19-3,79), Centre (ORA = 2,77; IC95% = 2,14-3,59) et Nord (ORA =3,57; IC95%= 2,69-7,73), la taille du ménage ≥ 10 (ORA = 1,28 ;IC95%= 1,11-1,49), la taille de la fratrie ≥ 4 (ORA =1,23 ; IC95%= 1,07-1,43), et l'accouchement en établissement sanitaire (ORA = 1,35 ; IC95%= 1,01-1,80), l'utilisation de la radio (ORA = 1,46 ; IC95%= 1,20-1,77), l'utilisation de la télévision (ORA = 1,33; IC95%= 1,12-,157), la tranche d'âge 12-59 mois (ORA = 2,5 ; IC95%=2,14-2,92), la vaccination par le penta3 (ORA =2 ; IC95% :1,53-2,62). La couverture en SVA n'est pas optimale. La SVA à domicile dans la région Ouest, la promotion de l'accouchement institutionnel, la communication de masse, le renforcement des connaissances des vaccinateurs sur la SVA seraient nécessaires.


Vitamin A supplementation (VAS) is one of the strategies to prevent vitamin A deficiency. The objective was to study the determinants of VAS in Senegal. This was a secondary analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey conducted in 2017. Two-stage cluster sampling was used. The study population consisted of children aged 6-59 months. Logistic regression was used to identify the determinants of VAS. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and its 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated. VAS coverage was 63.8%. Its determinants were residence in the South-East (AOR = 2.88; 95% CI= 2.19-3.79), Centre (AOR = 2.77; 95% CI= 2.14-3.59) and North (AOR =3.57; 95% CI= 2.69-7.73) regions, household size ≥ 10 (AOR = 1.28; 95% CI95= 1.11-1.49), sibling size ≥ 4 (AOR =1.23 ; CI95%= 1.07-1.43), and delivery in a health facility (AOR= 1.35; 95% CI= 1.01-1.80), radio use (ARO = 1.46; 95% CI= 1.20-1.77), television use (AOR = 1.33; 95% CI= 1.12-.157), age group 12-59 months (AOR = 2.5;95% CI=2.14-2.92), vaccination with penta3 (AOR =2; 95% CI=1,53-2,62). VAS coverage is not optimal. Home-based VAS in the western region, promotion of institutional delivery, mass communication, strengthening of vaccinators' knowledge on VAS would be necessary.


Asunto(s)
Suplementos Dietéticos
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