Baixa ingestão de proteínas está associada à mortalidade em idosos brasileiros / Low protein intake is associated with mortality in Brazilian older adults

Resumo Objetivo Estimar a associação entre baixa ingestão de proteínas e mortalidade em pessoas idosas. Métodos Estudo prospectivo realizado com 621 pessoas idosas da cidade de Viçosa (Minas Gerais), município de médio porte no Brasil. A ingestão de proteínas foi avaliada na linha de base (2009) pelo recordatório de ingestão habitual e foi utilizada a classificação de ingestão de proteínas proposta pela Sociedade Brasileira de Nutrição Parenteral e Enteral. Os dados de mortalidade foram coletados no período de acompanhamento (2009 a 2018) através do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade. Modelos de regressão de Cox foram aplicados para estimar a associação independente entre ingestão total de proteínas e mortalidade, e estimativas de hazard ratio e seus respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% foram calculados. Resultados Entre os 621 participantes do estudo, 52,7% eram do sexo feminino e a prevalência de baixa ingestão proteica foi de 60,9%. Ao longo dos 9 anos de acompanhamento ocorreram 154 óbitos (23,3%). No modelo ajustado, pessoas idosas com baixa ingestão de proteínas apresentaram maior risco de morte [HR: 1,72; IC 95%: 1,05 - 2.82]. Conclusão A baixa ingestão de proteínas pode aumentar o risco de morte em pessoas idosas.

Abstract Objective To estimate the association between low protein intake and mortality in older adults. Methods Prospective study carried out with 621 older adults in a medium-sized city (Viçosa, Minas Gerais) in Brazil. Protein intake was assessed at baseline (2009) by the usual intake recall and the protein intake classification was used as proposed by the Brazilian Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. Mortality data were collected in the follow-up period (2009 to 2018) from the Mortality Information System. Cox regression models were applied to estimate the independent association between total protein intake and mortality, and Hazard Ratio estimates and their respective 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results Among the 621 participants in the study, 52.7% were female, and the prevalence of low protein intake was 60.9%. Over the 9 years of follow-up, there were 154 deaths (23,3%). In the adjust models, older adults with low protein intake showed increased risk of death [HR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.05 - 2.82]. Conclusion Low protein intake may increase the risk of death in the older adults.

Are ambulatory blood pressure parameters associated more with central adiposity than with total adiposity? Results of the ELSA-Brasil study.

Background: Worldwide obesity has a high prevalence, as well as carries a high risk of several chronic diseases, including hypertension. Studies of the association between obesity and ambulatory blood pressure (BP) are scarce and most use only body mass index (BMI) as indicator of adiposity. Thus, we aimed to examine for associations between total and central adiposity and ambulatory BP parameters (BP means and variability, nocturnal dipping and morning surge) among participants in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Methods: This cross-sectional study (2012-2014) used a subsample of participants (n = 812) of ELSA-Brasil who underwent 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring to assess systolic and diastolic BP (SBP and DBP, respectively) over 24-hour periods and sub-periods. Indicators for total adiposity were BMI and body fat (BF) and, for central adiposity, waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHR). Associations were tested using crude and adjusted gamma and logistic regression. Results: Overweight (BMI) and abdominal obesity (WC and WHR) associated positively with mean 24-hour (Coef = 2.71, 3.09 and 4.00, respectively), waking (Coef = 2.87, 3.26 and 4.16, respectively), and sleeping (Coef = 2.30, 2.74 and 3.50, respectively) SBP; mean DBP associated with high WHR in these three periods (Coef = 2.00, 2.10 and 1.68, respectively) and with WC in the waking period (Coef = 1.44). Overweight and abdominal obesity (WC and WHR) were positively associated with SBP variability over 24 h (Coef = 0.53, 0.45 and 0.49, respectively) and in sleep (Coef = 0.80, 0.74 and 0.59, respectively), and with DBP variability in 24 h (Coef = 0.64, 0.73 and 0.58, respectively), wakefulness (Coef = 0.50, 0.52 and 0.52, respectively) and sleep (Coef = 0.53, 0.45 and 0.49); excess BF associated positively with DBP variability over 24 h (Coef = 0.43) and in wakefulness (Coef = 0.38). Lastly, high WHR and excess BF were associated with higher odds of extreme dipping (OR = 1.03 for both), while high WC and WHR associated with higher odds of exacerbated diastolic morning surge (OR = 3.18 and 3.66, respectively). Conclusion: Indicators of adiposity were associated with the BP means and variability, nocturnal dipping and morning surge, with more substantial results for indicators of central adiposity that the others.

Central adiposity as a predictor of mortality in older adults: Identification of cutoffs using generalized additive models.

Background: Obesity is associated with premature mortality in adults; however, this association has been inconsistent in the older adult population. In addition, there is a lack of specific cutoff points for indicators of negative health outcomes in older adults. Methods: This is a prospective study with 796 non-institutionalized older adults. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, food consumption, and nutritional status were obtained at baseline. Generalized additive models were used to identify cutoff points for the waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and Cox proportional hazards models to assess the independent association between adiposity and mortality. Results: Over the 9 years of follow-up, 197 deaths (24.7%) occurred, of which 51.8% were men, with a mean age of 76.1 ± 9.0 years. Older adults at higher risk of death had WHtR of <0.52 or ≥0.63 and WC of <83 cm or ≥101 cm. An increased risk of death was observed in older adults with high WC (HR: 2.03 95% CI: 1.20-3.41) and high WHtR (HR: 1.51 95% CI: 1.01-2.26) in the adjusted models, and an increase in WC was a risk factor for higher CVD mortality (HR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.12-3.88) in the adjusted models. Conclusion: Adiposity was associated with an increased risk of death in older adults. In view of these results and considering the lack of cutoff points for anthropometric indices in Brazilian older adults, further studies are needed to confirm the WC and WHtR cutoff values found in this study.

Concepções e práticas sobre percurso da formação em saúde mental do enfermeiro / Concepciones y prácticas en la trayectoria de la formación de enfermería en salud mental / Conceptions and practices on the path of nursing training in mental health

Objetivo: analisar, por meio das narrativas de enfermeiros, as concepções e práticas sobre sua atuação produzidas no percurso da formação em saúde mental. Método: estudo qualitativo baseado na Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados realizado por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com enfermeiros dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial de uma capital do Nordeste brasileiro, de agosto a dezembro de 2017. Os dados foram analisados e validados segundo os pressupostos do arcabouço teórico utilizado. Resultados: participaram oito enfermeiros que apontaram a formação universitária como o primeiro ponto de preparação para atuação em saúde mental, concebida como experiência "traumática" e geradora de grande ansiedade, interferindo na percepção, identificação e inserção na área. Conclusões: é necessário refletir criticamente sobre a formação do enfermeiro em saúde mental, por persistir conteúdos teóricos e experiências práticas discordantes com o paradigma psicossocial da Reforma Psiquiátrica brasileira. Tal reflexão é imprescindível para novos modos de formar para o cuidado.(AU)

Objective: to analyze, through the nurses' narratives, the conceptions and practices about their performance produced during mental health education. Method: qualitative study based on Grounded Theory, conducted through semi-structured interviews with nurses from Psychosocial Care Centers of a capital in the Northeast of Brazil, from August to December 2017. Data were analyzed and validated according to the assumptions of the theoretical framework used. Results: eight nurses participated who indicated university education as the first point of preparation for acting in mental health, conceived as a "traumatic" experience, and generating great anxiety, interfering with perception, identification, and insertion in the area. Conclusions: it is necessary to critically reflect on the training of nurses in mental health, due to the persistence of theoretical contents and practical experiences that disagree with the psychosocial paradigm of the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform. Such reflection is essential for new ways of training for care.(AU)

Objetivo: analizar, a través de las narrativas de las enfermeras, las concepciones y prácticas sobre su desempeño producidas en el curso de la formación en salud mental. Método: estudio cualitativo basado en la Teoría Fundamentada, realizado a través de entrevistas con enfermeras de Centros de Atención Psicosocial de una capital del Nordeste de Brasil, de agosto a diciembre de 2017. El análisis fue según marco teórico utilizado. Resultados: participaron ocho enfermeras que señalaron la educación universitaria como primer punto de preparación para actuar en salud mental, concebida como una experiencia "traumática" y generadora de gran ansiedad, interfiriendo con la percepción, identificación e inserción en el área. Conclusiones: es necesario reflexionar críticamente sobre la formación de enfermeros en salud mental, por la persistencia de contenidos teóricos y experiencias prácticas que están en desacuerdo con la Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileña. Esta reflexión es fundamental para nuevas formas de formación para el cuidado.(AU)

Ocotea nutans (Nees) Mez: structural elucidation of C-hetorosides flavonoids and evaluation of their antioxidant and antibacterial properties from ethyl acetate extract.

The Ocotea genus exhibits a variety of pharmacological, antibacterial and antioxidant effects. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant potential and antibacterial properties of the ethyl acetate fraction of Ocotea nutans leaves. Isolation and identification of the phenolic compounds from the fraction was also carried out. The isolated compounds were characterised by one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance analysis and identified as vitexin (1) and isovitexin (2). The ethyl acetate fraction of Ocotea nutans leaves demonstrated considerable antioxidant potential. The observed minimum inhibitory concentration of 250 µg.mL-1 was classified as a moderate antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis. Findings from this study demonstrate the utility of this plant as a potential source of antioxidant and antibacterial agents.

Panorama de saúde mental de discentes em um programa de residência multiprofissional / Panorama de la salud mental de los estudiantes en un programa de residencia multiprofesional / Panorama of mental health of students in a multiprofessional residence program

Objetivo: mensurar a situação de saúde mental dos discentes de um programa de residência multiprofissional. Método: estudo descritivo, quantitativo, usando amostra não probabilística, com profissionais residentes do Programa de Residência Multiprofissional da Escola de Saúde Pública do Ceará. A coleta de dados foi por meio do Google Docs, durante o período de março a maio de 2019. Utilizou-se questionário com informações socioeconômicas e Escala Transversal de Sintomas de Nível 1. Procedeu-se a análise descritiva dos dados através do programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, versão 20.0. Resultados: as principais características sociodemográficas foram faixa etária entre 22 e 30 anos, cor parda, solteiros, com orientação heterossexual e identidade de gênero mulher cis. Evidenciou-se escores elevados nos domínios ansiedade, depressão e sintomas psicóticos. Conclusões: recomenda-se a criação de projetos de intervenção em saúde mental para mitigar os problemas apresentados.(AU)

Objective: to measure the mental health situation of students from a multiprofessional residency program. Method: descriptive study, quantitative, using a non-probabilistic sample, with professionals from the Multiprofessional Residency Program of the School of Public Health of Ceará. The data was gathered through Google Forms, during the period from March to May 2019. Questionnaire with socioeconomic information and Level 1 Symptom Cross Scale were used. The descriptive analysis of the data was carried out using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences program, version 20.0. Results: the main sociodemographic characteristics were age group between 22 and 30 years old, black, single, with heterosexual orientation and female cisgender identity. High scores were evidenced in the domain's anxiety, depression and psychotic symptoms. Conclusions: it is recommended to create mental health intervention projects to mitigate the problems presented.(AU)

Objetivo: medir la situación de salud mental de los estudiantes de un programa de residencia multiprofesional. Método: estudio descriptivo, cuantitativo, utilizando muestra no probabilística, con profesionales residentes del Programa de Residencia Multiprofesional de la Escuela de Salud Pública de Ceará. La recopilación de datos se realizó por Google Forms, de marzo a mayo de 2019. Se utilizó cuestionario con información socioeconómica y Escala Cruzada de Síntomas de Nivel1. El análisis descriptivo de los datos se realizó utilizando el Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, versión 20.0. Resultados: las principales características sociodemográficas fueron grupo de edad entre 22 y 30 años, negra, soltero, con orientación heterosexual e identidad de mujer cisgénero. Se evidenciaron altas puntuaciones en los dominios ansiedad, depresión y síntomas psicóticos. Conclusiones: se recomienda crear proyectos de intervención de salud mental para mitigar los problemas presentados.(AU)

Chemical composition of the volatile oil of Croton glandulosus Linnaeus and its allelopathic activity.

Several essential oils have allelochemicals with phytotoxic effects. Croton species are producers of secondary metabolites with biological potential. In the present study, chemical composition of the essential oil extracted from aerial parts of Croton glandulosus Linnaeus was evaluated by gas chromatography and the phytotoxicity of the oil on Lactuca sativa seeds was evaluated for the first time. The yield of the essential oil was 0.12% (v/w). Chromatographic analysis allowed the identification of 97.49% of the total compounds present in the oil. Sesquiterpenes were found to be the predominant constituents of the volatile oil, with ß-caryophyllene (53.24%) being the major compound. Treatment with 0.1%-1% (v/v) of the essential oil inhibited the development of the hypocotyl and radicle of L. sativa to a greater extent compared to the inhibition of seed germination, demonstrating the phytotoxic effect of the oil.

Chemical Composition and In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oil Obtained from Eugenia pyriformis Cambess. (Myrtaceae)

Abstract Our study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of the essential oil from the leaves of Eugenia pyriformis Cambess., belonging to the Myrtaceae family and native to the Brazilian Atlantic forest. The volatile compounds in the essential oil were extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed using GC-MS; 36 compounds accounted for 78.80% of the total oil content. The major compounds were β-caryophyllene, bicyclogermacrene, globulol, and (δ-cadinene. We evaluated their antimicrobial potential of the essential oil and toxicity to Artemia salina. The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was evaluated against 12 microorganisms using the broth microdilution method. Our results showed moderate inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MIC, 250 and 125 μg.mL-1, respectively) and toxicity to A. salina (LC50, 125.64 μg.mL-1). Our results establish the biological activity of the essential oil obtained from E. pyriformis.

Differences between quality of life and occupational coping of tenured and outsourced nurses.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the relation of quality of life to occupational coping and verify the association of these indicators with sociodemographic variables of tenured and outsourced nurses. METHODS: Cross-sectional study, carried out from June to November 2014, with 145 outsourced nurses and 45 tenured nurses. We applied an identification instrument (WHOQOL-bref) and Occupational Coping Scale. Student's t-tests and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used. RESULTS: Tenured nurses had better quality of life (p=0.011) and a mean in the Avoidance factor with a strong correlation (p=0.001). Female public servants (p=0.006; p<0.0001), between 40 and 66 years old (p=0.005; p=0.031), specialists (p=0.028; p=0.005), with a family income from 2.5 to 6.8 minimum wages (p=0.021; p=0.006) and working in the morning or afternoon (p=0.043; p=0.020) and morning and afternoon (p=0.038; p=0.007) showed a difference in quality of life and in Avoidance factor, respectively. CONCLUSION: Tenured nurses demonstrated better quality of life, and some variables trigger differences in the groups, demonstrating the need to promote occupational health.

Differences between quality of life and occupational coping of tenured and outsourced nurses / Diferencias entre calidad de vida y Coping Ocupacional de Enfermeros concursados y subcontratados / Diferenças entre qualidade de vida e coping ocupacional de enfermeiros concursados e terceirizados

ABSTRACT Objectives: To compare the relation of quality of life to occupational coping and verify the association of these indicators with sociodemographic variables of tenured and outsourced nurses. Methods: Cross-sectional study, carried out from June to November 2014, with 145 outsourced nurses and 45 tenured nurses. We applied an identification instrument (WHOQOL-bref) and Occupational Coping Scale. Student's t-tests and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used. Results: Tenured nurses had better quality of life (p=0.011) and a mean in the Avoidance factor with a strong correlation (p=0.001). Female public servants (p=0.006; p<0.0001), between 40 and 66 years old (p=0.005; p=0.031), specialists (p=0.028; p=0.005), with a family income from 2.5 to 6.8 minimum wages (p=0.021; p=0.006) and working in the morning or afternoon (p=0.043; p=0.020) and morning and afternoon (p=0.038; p=0.007) showed a difference in quality of life and in Avoidance factor, respectively. Conclusion: Tenured nurses demonstrated better quality of life, and some variables trigger differences in the groups, demonstrating the need to promote occupational health.

RESUMEN Objetivos: Comparar la calidad de vida y el coping ocupacional y verificar la asociación de esos indicadores con variables sociodemográficas de enfermeros concursados y subcontratados. Métodos: Estudio transversal, realizado de junio a noviembre de 2014, con 145 enfermeros subcontratados y 45 concursados. Se ha aplicado instrumento de identificación, (WHOQOL-bref) y Escala de Coping Ocupacional. Se ha utilizado los testes t de Student y coeficiente de correlación de Pearson. Resultados: Enfermeros concursados han presentado mejor calidad de vida (p=0,011) y media en el factor esquiva", con fuerte correlación (p=0,001). Los concursados del sexo femenino (p=0,006; p<0,0001), entre 40 y 66 años (p=0,005; p=0,031), especialistas (p=0,028; p=0,005), con renta familiar de 2,5 a 6,8 salarios (p=0,021; p=0,006) y actuantes por la mañana o tarde (p=0,043; p=0,020) y mañana y tarde (p=0,038; p=0,007) han presentado diferencia en la calidad de vida y en el factor "esquivas, respectivamente. Conclusión: Enfermeros concursados han demostrado mejor calidad de vida, y hay variables que desencadenan diferencias en los equipos, habiendo necesidad de promoción de la salud ocupacional.

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar a qualidade de vida e o coping ocupacional e verificar a associação desses indicadores com variáveis sociodemográficas de enfermeiros concursados e terceirizados. Métodos: Estudo transversal, realizado de junho a novembro de 2014, com 145 enfermeiros terceirizados e 45 concursados. Aplicou-se instrumento de identificação (WHOQOL-bref) e Escala de Coping Ocupacional. Utilizou-se os testes t de Student e coeficiente de correlação de Pearson. Resultados: Enfermeiros concursados apresentaram melhor qualidade de vida (p=0,011) e média no fator Esquiva, com forte correlação (p=0,001). Os concursados do sexo feminino (p=0,006; p<0,0001), entre 40 e 66 anos (p=0,005; p=0,031), especialistas (p=0,028; p=0,005), com renda familiar de 2,5 a 6,8 salários (p=0,021; p=0,006) e atuantes pela manhã ou tarde (p=0,043; p=0,020) e manhã e tarde (p=0,038; p=0,007) apresentaram diferença na qualidade de vida e no fator Esquiva, respectivamente. Conclusão: Enfermeiros concursados demonstraram melhor qualidade de vida, e existem variáveis que desencadeiam diferenças nos grupos, havendo necessidade de promoção da saúde ocupacional.

Chemical composition, phytotoxic potential, biological activities and antioxidant properties of Myrcia hatschbachii D. Legrand essential oil

Myrcia hatschbachii D. Legrand (Myrtaceae) is a native and endemic species from Brazil. This study investigated the essential oil composition, phytotoxic potential, in vitro toxicity, antioxidant properties and antibacterial activity of species. Chromatographic analysis of essential oil identified trans-calamanene, (E)-caryophyllene and spathulenol as major components. Antioxidant capacity was determined by the DPPH• scavenging method and phosphomolybdenum complex formation assay. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration test, demonstrating that the essential oil was active toward Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus. Phytotoxic activity of essential oil was analyzed by testing interference on germination and growth of Lactuca sativa, demonstrating significant inhibition of the hypocotyls and radicles of seeds. Preliminary toxicity studies were determined using Artemia salina, resulting in an LC50 of 409.92 µg/mL, and through hemolytic activity. The results of the phytotoxic activity point to a possible application for Myrcia hatschbachii in the development of natural herbicides and the in vitro toxicity assays suggests the performance of antitumoral activity tests, having in mind the prospection of antineoplastic drugs.

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Improves Depressive Symptoms and Quality of Life of Poststroke Patients-Prospective Case Series Study.

BACKGROUND: Poststroke depression (PSD) is a serious psychiatric complication often reported after a stroke. Nearly a third of stroke survivors experience depressive symptoms at some point, affecting their functional recovery and quality of life. In recent years, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been studied by many researchers and found to be a safe supporting tool for the treatment of PSD. OBJECTIVE: We aim to evaluate the effects of rTMS on PSD and on the quality of life of poststroke patients. METHOD: A prospective clinical case series, performed at CRER Rehabilitation, Brazil, between June 2016 and May 2017. A nonprobabilistic sample (n = 15) was divided into 2 groups (excitatory stimulation in F3, n = 8; inhibitory stimulation in F4, n = 7) and underwent 20 sessions of rTMS. Individuals were assessed according to the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D17) and World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire at 3 different moments: baseline, at the end of the treatment, and in a 1-month follow-up meeting. RESULTS: Both groups presented a significant change in the score of all WHOQOL-BREF domains and in HAM-D17. In the group that received inhibitory stimulation (F4), score changes were continuous and gradual, comparing the 3 moments. In the excitatory stimulated (F3) group, however, the improvement in scores was more expressive between baseline and the second moment, without significant changes in the follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this clinical study suggest that rTMS can be a promising tool, capable of relieving depressive symptoms and helping in the improvement of poststroke patients' quality of life.

Antagonistic activity of Diplodia pinea against phytopathogenic fungi.

The ability of Diplodia pinea to inhibit Armillaria sp., Bjerkandera adusta, Botrytis cinerea, and Rhizoctonia sp. mycelium growth was analyzed using the double-culture method. Wild-type fungal strains were incubated in a biochemical oxygen demand incubator using potato agar dextrose medium at 24 ± 2 °C for 35 days in darkness. D. pinea significantly inhibited the growth of all fungi species tested (30.75 to 98.37% inhibition) and showed moderate antagonistic activity (antagonistic index, 14.5). Chemical analysis of D. pinea culture broth extracts revealed steroids, triterpenes, and phenolic compounds. Alkaloids were qualitatively detected in the mycelium crude extract. The presence of these compounds may be related to the antagonistic activity observed. The inhibition ability of D. pinea is due to competition with the tested fungi for substrate and space.

Ocotea nutans (Nees) Mez (Lauraceae): chemical composition, antioxidant capacity and biological properties of essential oil

The present study was undertaken to assess the potential uses of the essential oil obtained from Ocotea nutans (Nees) Mez. The hydrodistilled essential oil from O. nutans leaves was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Fifty-eight compounds representing 87,29% of the total leaf essential oil components were identified, of which biciclogermacrene(11.41%), germacrene-D (4.89%), bisabolol-11-ol(3.73%) and spathulenol (3.71%) were the major compounds. The essential oil from O. nutans were tested for antibacterial activity using the minimum inhibitory concentracion (MIC) method, Artemia salina method, larvicidal activity in Aedes aegypti, and antioxidant capacity.The antioxidant activity measured by the phosphomolybdenum complex and Prussian blue method had positive results. The minimum inhibitory concentration for the microorganisms tested allowed moderate inhibitionfor Enterococcus faecalis (MIC=500 µg/mL). Artemia salina were toxic to the organisms in the study (LC50= 71,70 µg /mL). The essential oil showed remarkable larvicidal activity potencial (LC50= 250 µg/mL). The present results showed thatO. nutans essential oil has potential biological uses

Nutritional value of non-conventional vegetables prepared by family farmers in rural communities / Valor nutricional de hortaliças não convencionais preparadas por agricultores familiares em comunidades rurais

ABSTRACT: Four most consumed non-conventional vegetables were analyzed raw and after cooking techniques routinely used by family farmers: ora-pro-nobis (Pereskia aculeata Mill.); wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.), serralha (Sonchus arvensis L), and capiçova (Erechtites valeriana). Chemical composition was determined according to AOAC. Vitamin C, vitamin E and carotenoids were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography, and phenolic compounds and minerals by spectrophotometry. Vitamin E and carotenoids concentrations were higher in stir fried wild mustard (7.68 mg.100 g-1 and 7.45 mg.100 g-1, respectively). Cooking reduced some minerals concentration in the non-conventional vegetables, but increased vitamins and carotenoids concentrations. The vegetables presented high content of minerals but low protein concentration and total energy content. Non-conventional vegetables can be considered of excellent nutritional value and frequent consumption of these vegetables can contribute to improve the feeding of farmers and their families.

RESUMO: Quatro hortaliças não convencionais mais consumidas foram analisadas cruas e após as técnicas de cocção utilizadas rotineiramente pelos agricultores familiares: ora-pro-nobis (Pereskia aculeata Mill.); mostarda selvagem (Sinapis arvensis L.), serralha (Sonchus arvensis L) e capiçova (Erechtites valeriana). A composição química foi determinada de acordo com a AOAC. A vitamina C, vitamina E e os carotenoides foram determinados por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE), e compostos fenólicos e minerais foram determinados por espectrofotometria. As concentrações de vitamina E e carotenoides foram maiores na mostarda selvagem (7,68 mg.100 g-1e 7,45 mg.100 g-1, respectivamente). A cocção reduziu a concentração de alguns minerais nas hortaliças não convencionais, mas aumentou as concentrações de vitaminas e carotenoides. As hortaliças apresentaram alto teor de minerais, mas baixa concentração protéica e valor energético total. As hortaliças não convencionais podem ser consideradas de excelente valor nutricional. O consumo frequente dessas hortaliças pode contribuir para melhorar a alimentação dos agricultores e suas famílias.

Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Antimicrobial Activities of Eugenia Species - A Review.

Antimicrobial resistance is a critical health problem, and pathogens responsible for common infections have developed resistance to antimicrobials, posing a threat to global health and placing a huge burden on health services. During the past two decades, the search for new bioactive agents in nature has become extremely important for promoting health and in the development of more efficient antimicrobials. The genus Eugenia is one of the largest in the Myrtaceae family, comprising approximately 1000 species from Mexico to Argentina, with a few species distributed in Australia and Africa. Eugenia species are used in folk medicine, with antidiabetic, antirheumatic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal, antifungal, and antibacterial properties. This study systematically reviews the Eugenia species to compile the phytochemical composition and antimicrobial effects. In addition, we provide information regarding the traditional uses and cytotoxic activity of Eugenia species. We conducted a systematic literature search of specialized databases (Web of Science, Scielo, Lilacs, Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus) and selected articles published between 1973 and 2015 using Eugenia and antimicrobial activity, Eugenia and toxicity, and Eugenia and chemical composition as key words. Ninety-three studies were included, and the phytochemical analyses from these studies show that Eugenia species are a rich source of flavonoids, tannins, triterpenes, and sesquiterpenes. Chemical constituents play an apparent role in the antimicrobial effects and reinforce the known antimicrobial potential of the Eugenia genus. It is worth mentioning that some Eugenia species cause significant cytotoxicity.

Effects of Excitatory Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the P3 Point in Chronic Stroke Patients-Case Reports.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of excitatory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of the international 10⁻20 system P3 point (intraparietal sulcus region) in chronic patients with a frontal lesion and parietal sparing due to stroke on the impaired upper (UL) and lower limb (LL) as measured by the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA). METHODS: Three patients (C1: 49.83/2.75, C2: 53.17/3.83, C3: 63.33/3.08-years-old at stroke/years post-stroke, respectively) received two weeks (five days/week) of rTMS at 10 Hz of P3. A patient was treated in similar conditions with a sham coil (S1: 56.58/4.33). Patients were evaluated before, after, and two months post-treatment (A1, A2, and A3, respectively). RESULTS: For LL, the scores of the motor function subsection of C1 and C3 as well as the sensory function of C2 increased by A2 and remained by A3. For UL, the score of the motor function of C2 and C3 also increased, but the score of C3 decreased by A3. The score of the range of motion subsection of C3 increased by the two follow-up evaluations. CONCLUSION: This study suggests excitatory rTMS over P3 may be of use for some chronic stroke patients, but these findings need to be verified in a future clinical trial.

The use of nanoparticles in wound treatment: a systematic review. / Utilização de nanopartículas no tratamento de feridas: revisão sistemática.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of nanoparticle-based dressings on the wound healing process in in vitro animals and human cells based on scientific evidence. METHOD: A systematic review of the literature in LILACS, PubMed and Science Direct databases. The articles were selected and evaluated for the level of evidence by the application of STROBE. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 12 articles. The application of the products occurred in surgical wounds, burns, infected wounds and gingival ulcers in laboratory animals, as well as in vitro tests, demonstrating that among other advantages, the nanoparticle-based dressings increased the healing speed, had good antibacterial capacity and were non cytotoxic agents. CONCLUSION: Based on the analyzed articles, it can be affirmed that dressings containing nanocomposites are quite promising and are shown as a great therapeutic option in wound healing.

Aspectos psicossociais da qualidade de vida de receptores de transplante hepático / Aspectos psicosociales de la calidad de vida de los receptores de trasplante hepático / Psychosocial aspects of quality of life of hepatic transplant receivers

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a dimensão psicossocial da qualidade de vida de pacientes antes e depois do transplante hepático. Método: estudo descritivo, transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, com 150 pacientes submetidos ao transplante de fígado em seguimento a partir do sexto mês, no ambulatório de um centro de referência em transplante hepático. A coleta de dados foi realizada a partir da aplicação de um instrumento com dados sociodemográficos/clínicos e do questionário Liver Disease Quality of Life. Foi utilizada análise estatística descritiva, teste t de Student para comparação das médias dos domínios e Games-Howell para comparações múltiplas. Resultados: houve melhoria nos níveis de qualidade de vida pós-transplante nos quatro domínios avaliados (<0,0001), com maior elevação de escores para os domínios: preocupação (55,5 vs 87,9) e estigma da doença hepática (58,6 vs 93,7). Conclusão: o estudo demonstrou que os pacientes submetidos ao transplante hepático obtiveram uma melhoria significativa da percepção da qualidade de vida no que diz respeito à dimensão psicossocial, sendo mais perceptiva nos domínios preocupação e estigma da doença hepática.

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar la dimensión psicosocial de la calidad de vida de los pacientes antes y después del trasplante hepático. Método: estudio descriptivo, transversal y con un abordaje cuantitativo con 150 pacientes sometidos al trasplante de hígado y en seguimiento a partir del sexto mes, en el ambulatorio de un centro de referencia en trasplante hepático. La obtención de datos se realizó a partir de la aplicación de un instrumento con datos sociodemográficos/clínicos y del cuestionario Liver Disease Quality of Life. Se utilizó el análisis estadístico descriptivo, la prueba t de Student para la comparación de los promedios de los dominios y Games-Howell para las comparaciones múltiples. Resultados: hubo mejoras en los niveles de calidad de vida post-trasplante en los cuatro dominios evaluados (<0,0001), con una elevación mayor de resultados para los dominios preocupación (55,5 vs 87,9) y estigma de la enfermedad hepática (58,6 vs 93,7). Conclusión: el estudio demostró que los pacientes sometidos al trasplante hepático consiguieron una significativa mejora de la percepción de la calidad de vida en relación a la dimensión psicosocial, siendo más perceptivo en los dominios de preocupación y estigma de la enfermedad hepática.

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess the psychosocial dimension of patients' quality of life before and after a hepatic transplantation. Method: descriptive, cross-sectional study of quantitative approach, with 150 patients submitted to a liver transplantation being monitored from the sixth month, in the outpatient clinic of a reference center in hepatic transplantation. The data collection was carried out through an instrument with sociodemographic/clinical data and the Liver Disease Quality of Life questionnaire. The descriptive statistical analysis, Student's t-test for comparison of domain means, and Games-Howell for multiple comparisons have been used. Results: there was improvement in the post-transplant quality of life in the four domains evaluated (<0.0001),with higher scores for the domains: health distress (55.5 vs 87.9) and stigma of hepatic disease (58.6 vs 93.7). Conclusion: the study has demonstrated that patients submitted to a liver transplantation had a significant improvement in the perception of quality of life regarding the psychosocial dimension, being more perceptive in the areas of health distress and stigma of hepatic disease.

Aprendizagem baseada em problemas no ensino da Tanatologia, no curso de graduação em Enfermagem / Problem-Based Learning in Teaching of Thanatology in Undergraduate Nursing Program

Objectives: To report a methodological experience of learning-based on problems in the discipline of Thanatology. Method: Experience report of professors of the baccalaureate degree in nursing using problem situations influenced by the methodology of questioning and problem-based learning. Results: The elaboration of three problem situations broadened the development of the formative process in Thanatology, favored reflections during the program of the discipline and approached the theory of real situations experienced by the students. Conclusions and implications for practice: This methodology was assessed as a viable and low-cost strategy in promoting empowerment on issues of death and dying. In addition, students self-assessed as reflective agents and builders of their own personal and professional growth.

Objetivos: Relatar una experiencia metodológica de aprendizaje basada en problemas en la disciplina de Tanatología. Método: Relato de experiencia de docentes del curso de bachillerato en enfermería al utilizar situaciones-problemas influenciadas por la metodología de la problematización y aprendizaje basada en problemas. Resultados: La elaboración de tres situaciones-problemas amplió el desarrollo del proceso formativo en Tanatología, favoreció reflexiones en el curso de la disciplina y acercó la teoría de situaciones reales vivenciadas por los estudiantes. Conclusiones e implicaciones para la práctica: Esta metodología fue evaluada como una estrategia viable y de bajo costo al promover el empoderamiento en cuanto a las cuestiones sobre muerte y morir. Además, los estudiantes se autoevaluaron agentes reflexivos y constructores del propio crecimiento personal y profesional.

Objetivos: Relatar uma experiência metodológica de aprendizagem, baseada em problemas, na disciplina de Tanatologia. Método: Relato de experiência de docentes do curso de bacharelado em Enfermagem, ao utilizar situações-problema influenciadas pela metodologia da problematização e aprendizagem baseada em problemas. Resultados: A elaboração de três situações-problema ampliou o desenvolvimento do processo formativo em Tanatologia, favoreceu reflexões no decorrer da disciplina e aproximou a teoria de situações reais vivenciadas pelos alunos envolvidos. Conclusões e implicações para a prática: Considera-se estratégia viável e de baixo custo promover o empoderamento quanto às questões sobre morte e morrer. Além disso, os alunos se avaliaram como agentes reflexivos e construtores do próprio crescimento pessoal e profissional.