Aplicação do geoprocessamento na análise da distribuição espaço-temporal de áreas potenciais à ocorrência simultânea de dermatobiose e carrapato Rhipicephalus microplus em bovinos no Município de Seropédica, RJ, Brasil / Application of geoprocessing in the analysis of the spatial and temporal distribution of the areas potentially susceptible to the simultaneous occurrence of dermatobiosis and the Rhipicephalus microplus tick in cattle in the municipality of Seropédica, RJ, Brazil

O objetivo deste estudo foi delimitar e quantificar em percentagem níveis de favorabilidade a ocorrência simultânea de dermatobiose e carrapato Rhipicephalus microplus em áreas de pastagem, no Município de Seropédica, RJ. Para a associação das variáveis ambientais envolvidas na sazonalidade destes parasitos foi utilizado o sistema de informação Vista SAGA® 2007. Com o usoda função Avaliação, deste programa, permitiu-se a superposição dos mapas temáticos digitais selecionados do município, gerando mapas que demonstraram simultaneamente a distribuição espacial e temporal da dermatobiose e do carrapato por estação do ano, os quais, sendo analisados pela função Assinatura, produziram-se relatórios com dados em hectares e percentual de áreas com diferentes potenciais a ocorrência dessas parasitoses. As classes registradas nos mapas por estação do ano foram distribuídas nas seguintes categorias: Alto, Médio, Médio-Baixo e Baixo potenciais à ocorrência dos parasitos. As categorias Alto+Médio-Baixo e Médio+Médio-Baixo potencial representaram 24% e 76%, respectivamente, da área total de pastagem (11.252,62 hectares) analisada na primavera. Enquanto que a categoria de Médio+Alto potencial com 97% e 3% de Médio-Baixo+Alto da área total de pastagem para o inverno. Verificou-se que o geoprocessamento foi bastante eficaz na delimitação e quantificação de áreas potenciais à ocorrência dessas parasitoses podendo ser um instrumento importante no auxílio a decisões de controle a tais eventos.

APPLICATION OF GEOPROCESSING IN THE ANALYSIS OF THE SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE AREAS POTENTIALLY SUSCEPTIBLE TO THE SIMULTANEOUS OCCURRENCE OF DERMATOBIOSIS AND THE RHIPICEPHALUS MICROPLUS TICK IN CATTLE IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF SEROPÉDICA, RJ, BRAZIL. The objective of this study was to delimit and quantify areas in terms of their potential for the simultaneous occurrence of dermatobiosis and the Rhipicephalus microplus tick in the municipality of Seropédica, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. For the association of environmental variables involved in the seasonality of these parasites, the Vista SAGA® 2007 information system was used. The evaluation function of this program allowed for the overlaying of digital thematic maps of the municipality that simultaneously demonstrated the spatial and temporal distribution of dermatobiosis and the tick in each season of the year. The Signature function evaluated these maps and produced reports with data in hectares and the percentage of areas with different potentials for the occurrence of these parasitoses. The classes registered on the maps by season were distributed in the following categories: High, Medium, Medium-Low and Low potential for the occurrence of the parasites. The categories High+Medium-Low and Medium+Medium-Low potential represented 24% and 76%, respectively, of the total area of pasture (11,252.62 hectares) during the spring, while the category of Medium+High potential represented 97% and 3% Medium-Low+High of the total area of pasture during the winter. It was verified that the geoprocessing was quite effective in the quantification and delimitation of areas with potential for the occurrence of these parasitoses, thus demonstrating that it could be an important tool in regard to decisions involved in the control of such events.

Aplicação do geoprocessamento na análise da distribuição espaço-temporal de áreas potenciais à ocorrência simultânea de dermatobiose e carrapato Rhipicephalus microplus em bovinos no Município de Seropédica, RJ, Brasil / Application of geoprocessing in the analysis of the spatial and temporal distribution of the areas potentially susceptible to the simultaneous occurrence of dermatobiosis and the Rhipicephalus microplus tick in cattle in the municipality of Seropédica, RJ, Brazil

O objetivo deste estudo foi delimitar e quantificar em percentagem níveis de favorabilidade a ocorrência simultânea de dermatobiose e carrapato Rhipicephalus microplus em áreas de pastagem, no Município de Seropédica, RJ. Para a associação das variáveis ambientais envolvidas na sazonalidade destes parasitos foi utilizado o sistema de informação Vista SAGA® 2007. Com o usoda função Avaliação, deste programa, permitiu-se a superposição dos mapas temáticos digitais selecionados do município, gerando mapas que demonstraram simultaneamente a distribuição espacial e temporal da dermatobiose e do carrapato por estação do ano, os quais, sendo analisados pela função Assinatura, produziram-se relatórios com dados em hectares e percentual de áreas com diferentes potenciais a ocorrência dessas parasitoses. As classes registradas nos mapas por estação do ano foram distribuídas nas seguintes categorias: Alto, Médio, Médio-Baixo e Baixo potenciais à ocorrência dos parasitos. As categorias Alto+Médio-Baixo e Médio+Médio-Baixo potencial representaram 24% e 76%, respectivamente, da área total de pastagem (11.252,62 hectares) analisada na primavera. Enquanto que a categoria de Médio+Alto potencial com 97% e 3% de Médio-Baixo+Alto da área total de pastagem para o inverno. Verificou-se que o geoprocessamento foi bastante eficaz na delimitação e quantificação de áreas potenciais à ocorrência dessas parasitoses podendo ser um instrumento importante no auxílio a decisões de controle a tais eventos. (AU)

APPLICATION OF GEOPROCESSING IN THE ANALYSIS OF THE SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE AREAS POTENTIALLY SUSCEPTIBLE TO THE SIMULTANEOUS OCCURRENCE OF DERMATOBIOSIS AND THE RHIPICEPHALUS MICROPLUS TICK IN CATTLE IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF SEROPÉDICA, RJ, BRAZIL. The objective of this study was to delimit and quantify areas in terms of their potential for the simultaneous occurrence of dermatobiosis and the Rhipicephalus microplus tick in the municipality of Seropédica, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. For the association of environmental variables involved in the seasonality of these parasites, the Vista SAGA® 2007 information system was used. The evaluation function of this program allowed for the overlaying of digital thematic maps of the municipality that simultaneously demonstrated the spatial and temporal distribution of dermatobiosis and the tick in each season of the year. The Signature function evaluated these maps and produced reports with data in hectares and the percentage of areas with different potentials for the occurrence of these parasitoses. The classes registered on the maps by season were distributed in the following categories: High, Medium, Medium-Low and Low potential for the occurrence of the parasites. The categories High+Medium-Low and Medium+Medium-Low potential represented 24% and 76%, respectively, of the total area of pasture (11,252.62 hectares) during the spring, while the category of Medium+High potential represented 97% and 3% Medium-Low+High of the total area of pasture during the winter. It was verified that the geoprocessing was quite effective in the quantification and delimitation of areas with potential for the occurrence of these parasitoses, thus demonstrating that it could be an important tool in regard to decisions involved in the control of such events.(AU)

Aplicação do geoprocessamento na análise da distribuição espaço-temporal de áreas potenciais à ocorrência simultânea de dermatobiose e carrapato Rhipicephalus microplus em bovinos no Município de Seropédica, RJ, Brasil

The objective of this study was to delimit and quantify areas in terms of their potential for the simultaneous occurrence of dermatobiosis and the Rhipicephalus microplus tick in the municipality of Seropédica, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. For the association of environmental variables involved in the seasonality of these parasites, the Vista SAGA® 2007 information system was used. The evaluation function of this program allowed for the overlaying of digital thematic maps of the municipality that simultaneously demonstrated the spatial and temporal distribution of dermatobiosis and the tick in each season of the year. The Signature function evaluated these maps and produced reports with data in hectares and the percentage of areas with different potentials for the occurrence of these parasitoses. The classes registered on the maps by season were distributed in the following categories: High, Medium, Medium-Low and Low potential for the occurrence of the parasites. The categories High+Medium-Low and Medium+Medium-Low potential represented 24% and 76%, respectively, of the total area of pasture (11,252.62 hectares) during the spring, while the category of Medium+High potential represented 97% and 3% Medium-Low+High of the total area of pasture during the winter. It was verified that the geoprocessing was quite effective in the quantification and delimitation of areas with potential for the occurrence of these parasitoses, thus demonstrating that it could be an important tool in regard to decisions involved in the control of such events.

O objetivo deste estudo foi delimitar e quantificar em percentagem níveis de favorabilidade a ocorrência simultânea de dermatobiose e carrapato Rhipicephalus microplus em áreas de pastagem, no Município de Seropédica, RJ. Para a associação das variáveis ambientais envolvidas na sazonalidade destes parasitos foi utilizado o sistema de informação Vista SAGA® 2007. Com o uso da função Avaliação, deste programa, permitiu-se a superposição dos mapas temáticos digitais selecionados do município, gerando mapas que demonstraram simultaneamente a distribuição espacial e temporal da dermatobiose e do carrapato por estação do ano, os quais, sendo analisados pela função Assinatura, produziram-se relatórios com dados em hectares e percentual de áreas com diferentes potenciais a ocorrência dessas parasitoses. As classes registradas nos mapas por estação do ano foram distribuídas nas seguintes categorias: Alto, Médio, Médio-Baixo e Baixo potenciais à ocorrência dos parasitos. As categorias Alto+Médio-Baixo e Médio+Médio-Baixo potencial representaram 24% e 76%, respectivamente, da área total de pastagem (11.252,62 hectares) analisada na primavera. Enquanto que a categoria de Médio+Alto potencial com 97% e 3% de Médio-Baixo+Alto da área total de pastagem para o inverno. Verificou-se que o geoprocessamento foi bastante eficaz na delimitação e quantificação de áreas potenciais à ocorrência dessas parasitoses podendo ser um instrumento importante no auxílio a decisões de controle a tais eventos.

Geoprocessamento aplicado à observação da sazonalidade das larvas da mosca Dermatobia hominis no município de Seropédica - RJ / Geoprocessing applied to the seasonality of Dermatobia hominis larvae in the municipality of Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro

Associações espaço-temporais entre os fatores envolvidos na distribuição sazonal das larvas da mosca do berne - Dermatobia hominis (Linnaeus Jr., 1781) (Diptera: Cuterebridae) - em bovinos foram analisadas por geoprocessamento, utilizando-se o sistema de análise geoambiental da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, no município de Seropédica, RJ. Na primavera, 50 por cento da área do município foi muito favorável ao desenvolvimento dessa miíase. Esse grau de favorabilidade reduziu-se para 35 por cento, 23 por cento e 12 por cento no verão, outono e inverno, respectivamente

Space-temporal associations between factors involved in the seasonal distribution of Dermatobia hominis (Linnaeus Jr., 1781) (Diptera: Cuterebridae) fly larvae in cattle were analyzed by geoprocessing using the geo-environment system of the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, in the municipality of Seropédica, RJ. In the spring, 50 percent of the area was favorable, reducing its extension to 35 percent in the summer, to 23 percent in the fall and to 12 percent in the winter

Geoprocessamento aplicado à observação da sazonalidade das larvas da mosca Dermatobia hominis no município de Seropédica - RJ / Geoprocessing applied to the seasonality of Dermatobia hominis larvae in the municipality of Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro

Associações espaço-temporais entre os fatores envolvidos na distribuição sazonal das larvas da mosca do berne - Dermatobia hominis (Linnaeus Jr., 1781) (Diptera: Cuterebridae) - em bovinos foram analisadas por geoprocessamento, utilizando-se o sistema de análise geoambiental da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, no município de Seropédica, RJ. Na primavera, 50 por cento da área do município foi muito favorável ao desenvolvimento dessa miíase. Esse grau de favorabilidade reduziu-se para 35 por cento, 23 por cento e 12 por cento no verão, outono e inverno, respectivamente(AU)

Space-temporal associations between factors involved in the seasonal distribution of Dermatobia hominis (Linnaeus Jr., 1781) (Diptera: Cuterebridae) fly larvae in cattle were analyzed by geoprocessing using the geo-environment system of the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, in the municipality of Seropédica, RJ. In the spring, 50 percent of the area was favorable, reducing its extension to 35 percent in the summer, to 23 percent in the fall and to 12 percent in the winter(AU)

Aplicação da termogravimetria (TG) no controle de qualidade da milona (Cissampelos sympodialis Eichl. ) Menispermaceae

This work proposes the application of the thermogravimetry (TG) in the control of quality of Cissampelos sympodialis, known popularly as 'milona'. After the extraction process, the alkaloids became the majority substances and the extracts showed the kinetic behavior of the bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids. This seems to be an important and useful parameter for the quality control of the 'milona' extracts.

Central 5-HT(4) receptors and drinking behavior.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of acute third ventricle injections of two different 5-HT(4) receptor antagonists, GR 113808 and SB 204070, on water intake in different situations. Injections of 80 nmol/rat of both GR 113808 and SB 204070 were unable to modify water intake in normohydrated rats. Pretreatment with GR 113808 (40 and 80 nmol/rat) and SB 204070 (80 and 160 nmol/rat) blunted water intake after third ventricle injections of angiotensin II (9.6 pmol/rat) compared to saline-pretreated controls. Pretreatment with 80 nmol/rat of both antagonists potentiated drinking induced by third ventricle injections of carbachol (11.0 nmol/rat) compared to saline-pretreated control. In all doses employed, none of the compounds was able to modify water intake in dehydrated rats. A separate control test using one-bottle taste aversion paradigm indicated that the reduction in water intake observed in some of the present experiments could not be attributed to a drug-induced malaise. It is suggested that central 5-HT(4) receptors exert a dualistic role on the control of water intake potentiating angiotensin II-induced drinking and inhibiting thirst induced by central cholinergic activation

Central lead administration inhibits water intake and sodium appetite in rats.

We have demonstrated that acute third ventricle injections of lead acetate (PbAc) exert a powerful antidipsogenic effect and induce a significant increase in renal sodium excretion. In the present study we confirm the antidipsogenic effect of lead and demonstrate that central administration of this metal, in minute amounts, significantly reduces salt intake both during dehydration and after central angiotensinergic stimulation. Adult male Wistar rats had the third ventricle cannulated seven days before the experiments. During this period they had free access to distilled water and hypertonic saline solution (1.5%). After a 24-h period of fluid deprivation, experimental animals received third ventricle injections of PbAc (0.3, N = 8 and 3.0 nmol/rat, N = 14) while controls received sodium acetate (NaAc; 3.0 nmol/rat, N = 10). Rats treated with PbAc at the highest dose showed a significant reduction (P<0.05) both in water and hypertonic saline intake when compared to controls. When the effect of lead administration on angiotensin II-induced water and salt intake was studied, normohydrated animals received third ventricle injections of angiotensin II (9.6 nmol/rat) after pretreatment with 3.0 nmol/rat of PbAc (experimental group, N = 10) or NaAc (controls, N = 8). The group pretreated with PbAc presented a significant reduction (P<0.05) in both water and salt intake compared to controls. Thus, this study confirms the antidipsogenic effect of central lead injections and demonstrates that the presence of lead in the brain exerts a significant inhibition of sodium appetite.

Central lead administration inhibits water intake and sodium appetite in rats

We have demonstrated that acute third ventricle injections of lead acetate (PbAc) exert a powerful antidipsogenic effect and induce a significant increase in renal sodium excretion. In the present study we confirm the antidipsogenic effect of lead and demonstrate that central administration of this metal, in minute amounts, significantly reduces salt intake both during dehydration and after central angiotensinergic stimulation. Adult male Wistar rats had the third ventricle cannulated seven days before the experiments. During this period they had free access to distilled water and hypertonic saline solution (1.5 percent). After a 24-h period of fluid deprivation, experimental animals received third ventricle injections of PbAc (0.3, N = 8 and 3.0 nmol/rat, N = 14) while controls received sodium acetate (NaAc; 3.0 nmol/rat, N = 10). Rats treated with PbAc at the highest dose showed a significant reduction both in water and hypertonic saline intake when compared to controls. When the effect of lead administration on angiotensin II-induced water and salt intake was studied, normohydrated animals received third ventricle injections of angiotensin II (9.6 nmol/rat) after pretreatment with 3.0 nmol/rat of PbAc (experimental group, N = 10) or NaAc (controls, N = 8). The group pretreated with PbAc presented a significant reduction in both water and salt intake compared to controls. Thus, this study confirms the antidipsogenic effect of central lead injections and demonstrates that the presence of lead in the brain exerts a significant inhibition of sodium appetite

A P-type ATPase from the aquatic fungus Blastocladiella emersonii similar to animal Na,K-ATPases.

We have cloned a P-type ATPase gene from the aquatic fungus Blastocladiella emersonii (BePAT1) using a probe obtained with degenerate oligonucleotides, corresponding to two amino acid sequences highly conserved among all P-type ATPase isoforms, and the polymerase chain reaction technique. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed a 3.4 kb open reading frame encoding a putative peptide of 1080 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of 119 kDa, which presents all diagnostic features of P-type transporting ATPases. Comparison to other members of the family and phylogenetic analyses have shown that the BePAT1 protein belongs to the subfamily of Na,K- and H,K-ATPases, indicating that the divergence between the alpha-subunit of the Na,K-ATPase and other members of the P-type ATPase family has occurred before the divergence between the animal and fungal lineages in evolution.