Uso de álcool e tabaco entre universitários de Terapia Ocupacional de uma universidade pública / Uso de alcohol y tabaco entre universitarios de Terapia Ocupacional de una universidad pública / Use of alcohol and tobacco among university students of Occupational Therapy at a public university

OBJETIVO: traçar o perfil do uso de álcool e tabaco e seus fatores associados entre universitários de Terapia Ocupacional. MÉTODO: estudo transversal realizado com estudantes acima de 18 anos do primeiro ao último período do curso de Terapia Ocupacional de uma universidade pública. O instrumento de pesquisa utilizado foi o questionário proposto pela Secretaria Nacional de Políticas sobre Drogas para o I Levantamento Nacional sobre o Uso de Álcool e Outras Drogas entre Universitários das 27 Capitais Brasileiras. Para a análise estatística, foi utilizado o Statistical Package for the Social Science. RESULTADOS: a prevalência de "binge drinking no ano" foi de 61,5% e de "binge drinking no mês" foi de 46,8%. O uso na vida de tabaco foi de 36% e no ano de 25,7%. A religião mostrou-se significativamente associada ao "binge drinking no ano" e ao uso na vida e no ano de tabaco. "Pegar carona com o motorista da vez" e "Pegar carona com motorista alcoolizado" associaram-se significativamente às variáveis "binge drinking no ano" e "binge drinking no mês". CONCLUSÃO: os resultados contribuem para criar ações de prevenção ao uso indevido de álcool e tabaco, bem como à inclusão ou ampliação da abordagem do tema no currículo do curso.

OBJECTIVE: outline the profile of alcohol and tobacco use and its associated factors among university students of Occupational Therapy. METHOD: cross-sectional study carried out with students over 18 years old, from the first to last period of Occupational Therapy course of a public university. The research instrument used was the questionnaire proposed by National Secretariat for Policy on Drugs for I National Survey on Use of Alcohol and Other Drugs among University Students of the 27 Brazilian Capitals. Statistical Package for the Social Science was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: the prevalence of "binge drinking in the year" was 61.5% and "binge drinking in the month" was 46.8%. The use in life of tobacco was 36% and in year 25,7%. Religion was significantly associated with "binge drinking in the year" and the use in life and in year of tobacco. "Taking a ride with the driver of the time" and "Taking a ride with an alcoholic driver" were significantly associated with "binge drinking in the year" and "binge drinking in the month". CONCLUSION: results contribute to create actions to prevent alcohol and tobacco abuse, as well the inclusion or extension of the approach to the topic in course curriculum.

OBJETIVO: trazar el perfil del uso de alcohol y tabaco y sus factores asociados entre universitarios de Terapia Ocupacional. MÉTODO: estudio transversal realizado con estudiantes mayores de 18 años, del primero al último período del curso de Terapia Ocupacional de una universidad pública. Instrumento de investigación utilizado fue cuestionario propuesto por Secretaría Nacional de Políticas sobre Drogas para el I levantamiento nacional sobre el uso de alcohol y otras drogas entre universitarios de las 27 capitales brasileñas. Para análisis estadístico se utilizó el Statistical Package for the Social Science. RESULTADOS: prevalencia de "binge drinking en año" fue 61,5% y de "binge drinking en mes" fue 46,8%. El uso en la vida de tabaco fue del 36% y en año del 25,7%. Religión se mostró significativamente asociada al "binge drinking en el año" y al uso en la vida y en año de tabaco. "Tomar carona con conductor de la vez" y "Tomar carona con conductor alcohólico", se asociaron significativamente a las variables "binge drinking en año" y "binge drinking en mes". CONCLUSIÓN: resultados contribuyen a crear acciones de prevención al uso indebido de alcohol y tabaco, así como inclusión o ampliación del abordaje del tema en currículo del curso.

Sickle Cell Anaemia Prevalence Among Newborns in the Brazilian Amazon-Savanna Transition Region.

Sickle cell anaemia is one of the most common hemoglobinopathies worldwide and an important public health problem in Brazil. This study evaluated the prevalence of sickle cell anaemia and its traits in newborns from the Amazon-Savanna Transition Region in the state of Maranhão, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was carried out, based on data from neonatal screening tests performed in 2013-2015 in Maranhão. The Hardy-Weinberg theorem was applied to analyse the frequency of expected homozygotes based on HbSS phenotype. A spatial-temporal distribution analysis was performed to delimit the regions with the greatest number of newborn cases with sickle cell anaemia. Of 283,003 newborns, 162 were found to have sickle cell anaemia, while 10,794 had a sickle cell trait, with a prevalence of 0.05% and 3.8%, respectively. The prevalence of expected homozygotes was higher in the North Region and in the state capital of Maranhão. This study may contribute to existing social and public health actions or the creation of new strategies for sickle cell disease in endemic areas in Brazil to improve the quality of life.