Effects of dorzolamide/timolol and tafluprost on intraocular pressure and pupil diameter in healthy dogs / Efeitos da dorzolamida/timolol e da tafluprosta sobre a pressão intraocular e o diâmetro pupilar em cães saudáveis

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of the fixed combination of dorzolamide/timolol with those of tafluprost on intraocular pressure (IOP) and pupil diameter (PD) in healthy dogs (n=10). Two experiments were conducted with an interval of 30 days. In both, IOP and PD were assessed at 8, 11, 14, 17, and 20h. Parameters were evaluated during baseline, treatment period of four days, and one day of post-treatment. During treatment phase, IOP decreased by 0.74 (P<0.05), 1.88 (P<0.01), 2.94 (P<0.001), and 3.10mmHg (P<0.01), in dorzolamide/timolol-treated eyes; and by 1.50, 2.18, 2.14, and 2.18mmHg (P<0.001), in tafluprost-treated eyes. PD decreased by 0.24 (P<0.01), 0.32 (P<0.01), 0.49 (P<0.001), and 0.40mm (P<0.001), in dorzolamide/timolol treated eyes; and by 2.31, 2.55, 2.43, and 2.70mm (P<0.001), in tafluprost-treated eyes. Dorzolamide/timolol and tafluprost were able to decrease IOP and PD in healthy dogs. However, a cumulative effect of the fixed combination of dorzolamide/timolol was more effective in reducing IOP, than tafluprost. Comparisons between treatments showed that tafluprost was more effective in reducing PD throughout the treatment phase.

RESUMO: O estudo objetivou avaliar e comparar os efeitos da combinação fixa da dorzolamida/timolol com os da tafluprosta sobre a pressão intraocular (PIO) e o diâmetro pupilar (DP) em cães saudáveis (n=10). Dois experimentos com intervalo de 30 dias foram conduzidos. Em ambos, a PIO e o DP foram avaliados às 8, 11, 14, 17 e às 20h. Os parâmetros foram avaliados durante a fases basal, um período de tratamento de quatro dias, e um dia de pós-tratamento. Durante a fase de tratamento, a PIO dos olhos tratados com dorzolamida/timolol reduziram em 0.74 (P<0.05), 1.88 (P<0.01), 2.94 (P<0.001), e 3.10mmHg (P<0.01); e dos olhos tratados com tafluprosta em 1.50, 2.18, 2.14 e 2.18mmHg (P<0.001). O DP dos olhos tratados com dorzolamida/timolol reduziram em 0.24 (P<0.01), 0.32 (P<0.01), 0.49 (P<0.001) e 0.40mm (P<0.001); e dos olhos tratados com tafluprosta em 2.31, 2.55, 2.43 e 2.70mm (P<0.001). A dorzolamida/timol e a tafluprosta foram capazes de reduzir a PIO e o DP em cães saudáveis. Porém, efeito cumulativo do tratamento com dorzolamida/timolol foi observado, decorridos três dias de tratamento. Por essa razão, a dorzolamida/timolol foi mais efetiva que a tafluprosta na redução da PIO. Comparações entre os tratamentos demonstraram que a tafluprosta foi mais efetiva em reduzir o DP, durante toda a fase de tratamento.

Evaluation of intraluminal pressure in cystorrhaphies with and without intestinal serosal patch supplementation from canine cadavers.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the maximal intraluminal pressure (MIP) supported by canine cadaveric urinary bladders that underwent cystotomy followed by cystorraphy, with and without serosal patching-supplementation. METHODS: Two groups (n=8 each) were formed, and in one (conventional) the cystotomy was closed with cushing pattern. In the other group (serosal), the same procedure was performed, and a piece of jejunum was used for the construction of the serosal patching over the cystorraphy. MIP was measured by means of an invasive blood pressure transducer with closed stopcock attached to a multiparameter monitor. At the end of each measurement, the bladder body circumference was assessed. RESULTS: Mean ± SD MIP sustained for the conventional and serosal groups were 28.88 ± 5.08 and 65.38 ± 10.99 mmHg, respectively (p < 0.0001). Bladder circumference did not change significantly between groups (p = 0.35) and did not correlate with MIP assessed in conventional (p = 0.27; r = 0.4379) and serosal groups (p = 0.37; r = -0.3637). CONCLUSION: Serosal patch-supplemented cystorraphies were able to sustain intraluminal pressures 55.8% higher, than nonsupplemented cystorraphies in specimens from canine cadavers.

Evaluation of intraluminal pressure in cystorrhaphies with and without intestinal serosal patch supplementation from canine cadavers

PURPOSE:To evaluate the maximal intraluminal pressure (MIP) supported by canine cadaveric urinary bladders that underwent cystotomy followed by cystorraphy, with and without serosal patching-supplementation.METHODS:Two groups (n=8 each) were formed, and in one (conventional) the cystotomy was closed with cushing pattern. In the other group (serosal), the same procedure was performed, and a piece of jejunum was used for the construction of the serosal patching over the cystorraphy. MIP was measured by means of an invasive blood pressure transducer with closed stopcock attached to a multiparameter monitor. At the end of each measurement, the bladder body circumference was assessed.RESULTS:Mean±SD MIP sustained for the conventional and serosal groups were 28.88±5.08 and 65.38±10.99 mmHg, respectively (p<0.0001). Bladder circumference did not change significantly between groups (p=0.35) and did not correlate with MIP assessed in conventional (p=0.27; r=0.4379) and serosal groups (p=0.37; r=-0.3637).CONCLUSION:Serosal patch-supplemented cystorraphies were able to sustain intraluminal pressures 55.8% higher, than nonsupplemented cystorraphies in specimens from canine cadavers.