RESUMEN
gamma-Secretase inhibitors have been shown to reduce the production of beta-amyloid, a component of the plaques that are found in brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease. A novel series of heterocyclic sulfonamide gamma-secretase inhibitors that reduce beta-amyloid levels in cells is reported. Several examples of compounds within this series demonstrate a higher propensity to inhibit the processing of amyloid precursor protein compared to Notch, an alternative gamma-secretase substrate.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Alzheimer/tratamiento farmacológico , Secretasas de la Proteína Precursora del Amiloide/antagonistas & inhibidores , Secretasas de la Proteína Precursora del Amiloide/metabolismo , Compuestos Heterocíclicos/química , Compuestos Heterocíclicos/farmacología , Sulfonamidas/química , Sulfonamidas/farmacología , Péptidos beta-Amiloides/antagonistas & inhibidores , Péptidos beta-Amiloides/metabolismo , Animales , Células CHO , Cricetinae , Cricetulus , Compuestos Heterocíclicos/síntesis química , Humanos , Estructura Molecular , Unión Proteica , Receptores Notch/metabolismo , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Sulfonamidas/síntesis químicaRESUMEN
Using a cell-based assay, we have identified a new series of Notch-sparing gamma-secretase inhibitors from HTS screening leads 2a and 2e. Lead optimization studies led to the discovery of analog 8e with improved gamma-secretase inhibitory potency and Notch-sparing selectivity.
Asunto(s)
Secretasas de la Proteína Precursora del Amiloide/antagonistas & inhibidores , Química Farmacéutica/métodos , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/síntesis química , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacología , Receptores Notch/metabolismo , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/tratamiento farmacológico , Amiloide/química , Secretasas de la Proteína Precursora del Amiloide/química , Carbono/química , Diseño de Fármacos , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Humanos , Modelos Químicos , Receptores Notch/antagonistas & inhibidores , Relación Estructura-ActividadRESUMEN
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating disease widely thought to be associated with the accumulation of beta amyloid (Abeta) in the brain. Inhibition of gamma-secretase, one of the enzymes responsible for Abeta production, may be a useful strategy for the treatment of AD. Described below is a series of gamma-secretase inhibitors designed from a scaffold identified by a ROCS [J. Comput. Chem.1996, 17, 1653] search of the corporate database.
Asunto(s)
Péptidos beta-Amiloides/antagonistas & inhibidores , Encéfalo/efectos de los fármacos , Endopeptidasas/efectos de los fármacos , Piperidinas/síntesis química , Inhibidores de Proteasas/síntesis química , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/enzimología , Secretasas de la Proteína Precursora del Amiloide , Animales , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Diseño de Fármacos , Endopeptidasas/metabolismo , Modelos Moleculares , Piperidinas/farmacología , Inhibidores de Proteasas/farmacología , Unión Proteica , Relación Estructura-ActividadRESUMEN
A method using reverse phase liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and cassette administration was developed for in vivo brain and plasma exposure profiling to assist early CNS drug discovery programs. Three to four compounds were grouped in cassettes for dosing and analysis. Compounds in the cassettes were selected to minimize possible analytical interference from each other, as well as from their potential metabolites. In order to improve the confidence of cassette administration, an analogue of the study compounds, with well-established brain penetration data, was included in each cassette as a "biological internal standard". Compounds were administered to rats by intraperitoneal injection and extracted from plasma or brain homogenate by simple protein precipitation. Fast chromatographic separation was achieved by using a short narrow-bore column at a flow rate of 1.0ml/min with a fast gradient. The brain penetration of the compounds was evaluated by comparing their C(max) and AUC values in brain and plasma. This approach rapidly provided early brain penetration and plasma exposure information, thus making more of this data available to teams. Comparing the brain exposures to the EC(50) values (i.e. in vitro potency) of series compounds in the same discovery program provided another dimension of information to select lead compounds for future in vivo assessment. The method described here has been used for providing early brain penetration information in several CNS exploratory and discovery programs.