Implants and/or teeth: consensus statements and recommendations.

In August 23-25, 2007, the Scandinavian Society for Prosthetic Dentistry in collaboration with the Danish Society of Oral Implantology arranged a consensus conference on the topic 'Implants and/or teeth'. It was preceded by a workshop in which eight focused questions were raised and answered in eight review articles using a systematic approach. Twenty-eight academicians and clinicians discussed the eight review papers with the purpose to reach consensus on questions relevant for the topic. At the conference the consensus statements were presented as well as lectures based on the review articles. In this article the methods used at the consensus workshop are briefly described followed by the statements with comments.

Determination of wall shear rate in the human carotid artery by magnetic resonance techniques.

OBJECTIVES: to measure wall shear rates around the circumference of the human carotid bifurcation throughout the heart cycle. DESIGN: prospective, open study. Materials eight healthy volunteers. METHODS: wall shear rates were determined at the carotid bifurcation using magnetic resonance techniques with high resolution and individually adjusted velocity encoding for imaging and haemodynamic mapping. Wall shear stresses were calculated assuming a constant value of 4 centiPoise. RESULTS: data suitable for postprocessing were obtained in all subjects. The main findings were: unidirectional wall shear rate waveforms and high wall shear rate (775 s(-1)+/-167 s(-1)) at the flow divider; low wall shear rate (60 s(-1+/-40 s(-1)) and a high oscillation index with huge interindividual variation (85+/-65) at the lateral wall. CONCLUSION: these are the first in vivo data describing, in detail, the forces of the blood acting on the wall of the carotid bifurcation. The results do not contradict the hypotheses associating low and oscillating wall shear stress with the development of atherosclerosis.)

Resin-bonded inlay retainer prostheses for posterior teeth. A 5-year clinical study.

This study evaluated posterior resin-bonded prostheses using inlays as retainers. Thirty-nine patients missing at least one premolar or first molar received 51 resin-bonded fixed partial dentures with high noble alloy inlay retainers and a metal ceramic pontic. Resin luting material bonding to the framework was secured by the Silicoating method (24 fixed partial dentures), lost sugar crystal method (13 fixed partial dentures), or tin plating (14 fixed partial dentures). Clinical examinations were performed 1 week, 1 month, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, and 5 years after cementation. None of the fixed partial dentures with silicoating or sugar crystal impressions lost retention, whereas two of the tin-plated fixed partial dentures required replacement. Resin-bonded inlay-retained prostheses appear to be a favorable alternative to other types of fixed partial dentures.

Tensile bond strength of resin luting cement to glass infiltrated porous aluminium oxide cores (In-Ceram).

The effect of various methods of surface treatment of glass infiltrated aluminium oxide (In-Ceram) on tensile bond strength was evaluated. Test specimens were formed as bars. After surface treatment of the flat ends, two bars were bonded together with either a dual curing resin (Twinlook) or a chemical curing resin with a phosphate monomer (Panavia Ex). After cementation the specimens were stored in humid conditions for 1 week and then thermocycled 1,000 times between 15 degrees C and 60 degrees C. The highest median tensile bond strengths were obtained with the Silicoater MD-method without the Opaquer and Twinlook as luting agent (23.9 MPa) or with sandblasting with 250 micrometers Al2O3 particles and Panavia Ex as luting agent (22.0 MPa).

A case of progressive external root resorption treated with surgical exposure and composite restoration.

Progressive external, root resorption was observed apical to the alveolar crest on the buccal surface of a tooth. The area of root resorption was surgically exposed. To gain access to the root resorption cavity osteoectomy was performed. The soft tissue in the resorption cavity was removed and a composite filling (Retroplast) was placed in the cavity using a dentine bonding system (Gluma). The pulp was removed and the root canal was obturated with gutta-percha points and root canal sealer (AH26). Eight months after treatment no further root resorption was observed. Increased pocket depth and slight bleeding on probing in the area of resorption were evident.

Resin-bonded prostheses for posterior teeth.

This study evaluated fixed partial dentures bonded with resin to dentin on posterior teeth with minimal tooth preparation. The patients included were missing at least one premolar or first molar. The abutment teeth next to the modification spaces were moderately restored with MOD or class II restorations on most of the teeth. A total of 20 patients with 23 fixed partial dentures were included in the study. After removal of existing restorations, the abutment teeth were prepared to eliminate undercuts on the perimeter of the preparations. Undercut areas within the preparation were not filled but were blocked out later in the laboratory. The fixed partial dentures employed inlays as retainers for a metal ceramic pontic. The metal framework was cast in a high noble gold alloy. The areas of the retainers to be bonded were treated with the Kulzer Silicoater method. Immediately before cementation, enamel was etched and exposed dentin was treated with Gluma. Kerr's resin bonded bridge cement was used for cementation. Patients were recalled after periods of 1 week, 1 month, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, and 4 years for evaluation. None of the restorations lost retention and no major adverse effects were observed in the 4-year follow-up period.