Could robotic-assisted surgery reduce mesh-related complications after ventral mesh rectopexy? Experience of a tertiary centre and systematic review of the literature.

AIM: The development of robotic assistance has made dissection and suturing in the deep pelvis much easier. The augmented quality of the images and the articulation of the robotic arms have also enabled a more precise dissection. The aim of this study is to present the data on robotic-assisted ventral mesh rectopexy procedures in a university hospital and examine the literature in terms of mesh erosion. METHOD: The electronic databases Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane were searched. Studies from January 2004 until January 2023 in the English language were included. Studies which included fewer than 10 patients were excluded. Laparoscopic or robotic-assisted ventral mesh rectopexies were included. Mesh erosion rates following laparoscopic or robotic-assisted ventral mesh rectopexies were measured. RESULTS: Overall, the systematic review presents 5911 patients from 43 studies who underwent laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy compared with 746 patients treated with robotic-assisted ventral mesh rectopexy from six studies and our centre. Mesh erosion was rare in both groups; however, the prevalence was greater in the laparoscopy group (0.90% vs. 0.27%). CONCLUSION: The mesh erosion rates are very low with robotic-assisted ventral mesh rectopexy. For precise results, more studies and experience in robotic surgery are required.

Sacral nerve modulation for patients with fecal incontinence: long-term outcome and effects on sexual function.

Sacral nerve modulation has become an established treatment for fecal and urinary incontinence, and sexual disorders. The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcome of sacral neuromodulation in patients with fecal or combined fecal and urinary incontinence (double incontinence), assessing its safety, efficacy, and impact on quality of life and sexual function. This was a multicentric, retrospective, cohort study including patients with fecal or double incontinence who received sacral neuromodulation at seven European centers between 2007 and 2017 and completed a 5-year follow-up. The main outcome measures included improvements of incontinence symptoms and quality of life compared with baseline, evaluated using validated tools and questionnaires at 1-, 6-, 12-, 36- and 60-month follow-up. 108 (102 women, mean age 62.4 ± 13.4 years) patients were recruited, of whom 88 (81.4%) underwent definitive implantation of the pacemaker. Patients' baseline median Cleveland Clinic Incontinence Score was 15 (10-18); it decreased to 2 (1-4) and 1 (1-2) at the 12- and 36-month follow-up (p < 0.0001), remaining stable at the 5-year follow-up. Fecal incontinence quality of life score improved significantly. All patients with sexual dysfunction (n = 48) at baseline reported symptom resolution at the 5-year follow-up. The study was limited by the retrospective design and the relatively small patient sample. Sacral nerve modulation is an effective treatment for fecal and double incontinence, achieving satisfactory long-term success rates, with resolution of concomitant sexual dysfunction.

Mid-term efficacy and postoperative wound management of laser hemorrhoidoplasty (LHP) vs conventional excisional hemorrhoidectomy in grade III hemorrhoidal disease: the twisting trend.

PURPOSE: Hemorrhoidal disease (HD) is a common condition, and several surgical techniques have been proposed to date without being able to achieve definitive consensus on their use and indications. Laser hemorrhoidoplasty (LHP) is a minimally invasive procedure for HD treatment determining the shrinkage of the hemorrhoidal piles by diode laser limiting the postoperative discomfort and pain. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the postoperative outcomes of HD patients undergoing LHP vs conventional Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy (MM). METHOD: Postoperative pain, wound care management, symptoms' resolution, patients' quality of life, and length of return to daily activity of grade III symptomatic HD patients undergoing LHP vs MM were retrospectively evaluated. The patients were followed-up for recurrence of prolapsed hemorrhoid or symptoms. RESULT: From January 2018 to December 2019, 93 patients received conventional Milligan Morgan as control group and 81 patients received laser hemorrhoidoplasty treatment using a 1470-nm diode laser. No significant intraoperative complications occurred in both groups. Laser hemorrhoidoplasty patients experienced lower postoperative pain score (p < 0.0001) and smoother wound management. After 25 ± 8 months follow-up, the recurrence of symptoms occurred in 8.1% after Milligan-Morgan and 21.6% after laser hemorrhoidoplasty (p < 0.05) with a similar Rorvik score (7.8 ± 2.6 in LHP group vs 7.6 ± 1.9 in MM group, p = 0.12). CONCLUSION: LHP demonstrated high efficacy in selected HD patients guaranteeing lower postoperative pain, easier wound care, higher rate of symptoms resolution, and greater patient appreciation compared to MM, even though it had a higher recurrence rate. Larger comparative studies are needed to address this issue.

Robot-assisted pelvic floor reconstructive surgery: an international Delphi study of expert users.

BACKGROUND: Robotic surgery has gained popularity for the reconstruction of pelvic floor defects. Nonetheless, there is no evidence that robot-assisted reconstructive surgery is either appropriate or superior to standard laparoscopy for the performance of pelvic floor reconstructive procedures or that it is sustainable. The aim of this project was to address the proper role of robotic pelvic floor reconstructive procedures using expert opinion. METHODS: We set up an international, multidisciplinary group of 26 experts to participate in a Delphi process on robotics as applied to pelvic floor reconstructive surgery. The group comprised urogynecologists, urologists, and colorectal surgeons with long-term experience in the performance of pelvic floor reconstructive procedures and with the use of the robot, who were identified primarily based on peer-reviewed publications. Two rounds of the Delphi process were conducted. The first included 63 statements pertaining to surgeons' characteristics, general questions, indications, surgical technique, and future-oriented questions. A second round including 20 statements was used to reassess those statements where borderline agreement was obtained during the first round. The final step consisted of a face-to-face meeting with all participants to present and discuss the results of the analysis. RESULTS: The 26 experts agreed that robotics is a suitable indication for pelvic floor reconstructive surgery because of the significant technical advantages that it confers relative to standard laparoscopy. Experts considered these advantages particularly important for the execution of complex reconstructive procedures, although the benefits can be found also during less challenging cases. The experts considered the robot safe and effective for pelvic floor reconstruction and generally thought that the additional costs are offset by the increased surgical efficacy. CONCLUSION: Robotics is a suitable choice for pelvic reconstruction, but this Delphi initiative calls for more research to objectively assess the specific settings where robotic surgery would provide the most benefit.

Sclerotherapy with 3% polidocanol foam to treat second-degree haemorrhoidal disease: Three-year follow-up of a multicentre, single arm, IDEAL phase 2b trial.

BACKGROUND: Sclerotherapy with 3% polidocanol foam is becoming increasingly popular for the treatment of symptomatic I-II or III degree haemorrhoidal disease (HD). However, there are no studies that have reported a follow-up of more than 1 year. The purpose of this study was to analyse the long-term outcomes of sclerotherapy with 3% polidocanol foam in the treatment of II-degree HD. METHODS: This was an open label, single-arm, phase 2b trial conducted in 10 tertiary referral centres for HD. A total of 183 patients with II-degree HD, aged between 18 and 75 years with symptomatic HD according to the Goligher classification and unresponsive to medical treatment, were included in the study and underwent sclerotherapy with 3% polidocanol foam. The efficacy was evaluated in terms of bleeding score, haemorrhoidal disease symptom score (HDSS) and short health scale for HD (SHS-HD) score. Successful treatment was defined as the complete absence of bleeding episodes after 7 days (T1) according to the bleeding score. RESULTS: The overall success rate ranged from 95.6% (175/183) at 1 year to 90.2% (165/183) after the final 3 year follow-up. The recurrence rate, based on the primary outcome, ranged from 12% (15/125) to 28% (35/125). The greatest increase in recurrence (15) was recorded between 12 and 18 months of follow-up, then another five between 18 and 24 months. Both the HDSS and the SHS score remained statistically significant (p < 0.001) from a median preoperative value of 11 (10-13) and 18 (15-20) to 0 (0-2) and 4 (0-4), respectively. Symptom-free (HDSS = 0) patients, excluding patients converted to surgery, increased from 55.5% (101/182) at 1 year to 65.1% at 3 years (110/169). There were no intraoperative complications in redo-sclerotherapy nor additional adverse events (AEs) compared to the first 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: Sclerotherapy with 3% polidocanol foam is gradually establishing itself in the treatment of bleeding HD due to its repeatability, safety, convenience in terms of direct and indirect costs with the absence of discomfort for the patient as well as AEs rather than an excellent overall success rate.

Long-term outcomes of high-volume stapled hemorroidopexy to treat symptomatic hemorrhoidal disease.

PURPOSE: The study aimed to assess the long-term results of the stapled hemorrhoidopexy (SH) using high-volume devices equipped with innovative technology, evaluating recurrence rate, complications rate, and patients' satisfaction. METHODS: All the patients who underwent SH using high-volume devices (TST Starr plus, Touchstone International Medical Science Corp., Ltd.) for II to IV symptomatic hemorrhoidal disease from November 2012 to December 2014 were enrolled. Between December 2019 and January 2020, all of them were phone called to come to undergo a proctological reevaluation and asked to fill some questionnaires about hemorrhoidal prolapse recurrence, symptoms recurrence, and surgery satisfaction. RESULTS: Fifty-nine patients with a mean age of 47 years completely answered the questionnaires. Twenty-two of them accepted to come to undergo a proctological reevaluation while 27 preferred to answer only by phone due to their referred wellbeing. The median follow-up was 70.5 months (range, 60-84 months). The recurrence rate was 5.1% with a mean satisfaction level after surgery was 9.1 (range, 0-10) and 84.7% of patients whose satisfaction scored ≥8. The mean value of Cleveland Global Quality of Life assessment was 0.79 (range, 0.71-0.93). There were no cases of new onset of impaired anal continence after surgery. CONCLUSION: The new generation high-volume devices to perform SH resulted to be safe and effective for II to IV degree hemorrhoidal prolapse leading to a lower long-term recurrence rate with an evident reduction of postoperative complications in comparison with the low-volume SH.

Modified robotic ventral rectopexy with folded single titanized mesh suspension for the treatment of complex pelvic organ prolapse.

AIM: The incidence of complex pelvic organ prolapse in female patients is about 38%, and this disorder entails social and sexual restrictions. Treatment for this disorder is complex because it can enhance other, latent, problems. The aim of the present study is to describe a new robotic-assisted technique to simultaneously treat prolapses of different compartments with the use of a single titanized polypropylene mesh. METHOD: All patients referred from January 2018 to March 2019 to the Proctologic and Pelvic Floor Clinical Centre who were affected by complex pelvic organ prolapse underwent modified robotic ventral rectopexy with a folded single mesh (RVR-FSM). The anatomical and functional outcomes were respectively evaluated using the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) grading system and Wexner scores of constipation and incontinence. The satisfaction rate was investigated using a five-point scale (1 = not satisfied to 5 = extremely satisfied). RESULTS: Twenty-two women underwent RVR-FSM with a homogeneous follow-up of 12 months. The mean total operation time was 148 min, without any robot-related or other intraoperative complications. No mesh-related complications occurred. The POP-Q grade improved for every patient, with complete resolution of bulging symptoms in 21 patients (95.4%) at 1 year of follow-up. The Wexner constipation score showed a significant improvement, while the incontinence score slightly improved at 1 year after surgery. CONCLUSION: The use of a single mesh that can be folded was shown to provide significant improvement in functional and anatomical results associated with patient satisfaction. The robotic approach allows surgeons to perform an easier procedure with correct and deep mesh fixation.

Safety and efficacy of topical drug-free cream in subjects with hemorrhoidal disease: a randomized, double blind, clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Hemorrhoidal disease (HD) is one of the most common anorectal benign disorder affecting millions of people around the world. Grade I-II HD are generally treated with a conservative approach with topical products such as creams and ointments considered a safe and effective option to treat mild symptoms. The aim of the present study was to assess the safety and efficacy of a topical medical device (Lenoid™; International Health Science [IHS] - Biofarma Group, Mereto di Tomba, Udine, Italy) in patients affected by symptomatic HD. METHODS: This study is a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, 2-weeks clinical trial. Patients affected by I-II grade symptomatic HD were enrolled in the study and then randomly assigned to Lenoid™ arm (LA) or placebo arm (PA), respectively. Patients were evaluated before and after intervention through clinical examination and disease-specific questionnaires assessing symptoms such as pain, tenesmus, pruritus and anal discharge. RESULTS: A total of 68 patients were screened and 60 (30 in each group) were enrolled into the study. All patients belonging to LA showed a statistically significant improvement of each symptom after 7 and 14 days of treatment when compared to PA (P<0.001). Furthermore, subjective improvement of change in overall assessment of disease was observed in the LA but not in the PA. No serious adverse events were recorded. CONCLUSIONS: The tested product was found safe and effective in improving clinical signs and symptoms in patients with grade I-II HD.

Clinical and functional outcome of surgery for posttraumatic cloacal deformity.

AIM: Cloacal deformity is a disabling condition that severely affects a patient's quality of life. Surgery to repair cloacal deformity remains the mainstay of treatment. The aim of this study is to assess the clinical and functional outcome of patients treated for traumatic cloacal deformity by three different techniques. METHOD: A retrospective multicentre study was carried out using data from women operated on for cloacal deformity between 2015 and 2019. Demographic characteristics, the presence of urinary and/or faecal incontinence and manometric findings were collected. The main outcome measures were represented by St Mark's and Rockwood faecal incontinence quality of life scores. RESULTS: Thirty eight women with a median age of 34 years [interquartile range (IQR) 31-39 years] were enrolled. Perineoplasty was performed in 23 patients by direct suture of the rectovaginal septum, in five using the X-flap and in 10 by the Singapore flap. Median resting and squeezing pressures increased significantly from 28.15 (IQR 23-32.7) cmH2 O to 45 (IQR 31-60.7) cmH2 O (p = 0.0001) and from 47 (IQR 41.2-54.7) cmH2 O to 97.2 (IQR 80-118) cmH2 O (p = 0.0001), respectively. Maximum tolerable volume improved from 120 (IQR 90-137.5) ml to 137.5 (IQR 120-150) ml (p = 0.002). The St Mark's score decreased from 18 (IQR 14-20) to 4.5 (IQR 2-8) after 20 months (p = 0001). Sexual activity was confirmed by 16 patients preoperatively and by 27 postoperatively. A diverting stoma was performed in three patients after X-flap perineoplasty and in 14 treated by direct closure. No significant differences were found pre- and postoperatively between the three groups. CONCLUSION: Regardless of the technique used, surgical repair significantly improves both clinical and functional outcomes irrespective of the presence of a covering stoma.

Does Proctologic Surgery Really Influence Sexual Behaviors?

INTRODUCTION: The percentage of the heterosexual population that has experienced and regularly has anal intercourse ranges from 20% to 35% in the USA. This practice increases to 95% in certain populations, including lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people. Due to the lack of data in the literature about the effect of proctologic surgery on anal intercourse, this study aimed to assess the impact of this surgery on sexual behavior in both genders. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From March 2016 to February 2018, an anonymous questionnaire was submitted to all patients aged >18 who had undergone proctologic surgery in one of two surgical units at tertiary referral centers and was assessed independently of gender. The exclusion criteria were incomplete healing and <3 months follow-up. RESULTS: In total, 929 patients answered the questionnaire in full. The overall prevalence of preoperative anal intercourse was 22.5%. The rate of anal intercourse among men was 16.7%, while among women, it was 28.9%. The overall postoperative rate of anal intercourse was 11.8%. The rate of postoperative anal intercourse among those who regularly engaged in anal intercourse preoperatively was 52.6%, with a 47.4% rate of non-completion (p <0.0001). The experiences reported during intercourse after surgery were mainly pain, stiffness, and partner discomfort. CONCLUSION: Considering the statistically significant postoperative AI abandonment rate following all types of proctologic surgery, the surgeon has a duty to both treat the disease and to inform the patient about the possible consequences regarding its influence on anal intercourse.

E-consensus on telemedicine in proctology: A RAND/UCLA-modified study.

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 is revolutionizing healthcare delivery. The aim of this study was to reach a consensus among experts as to the possible applications of telemedicine in the proctologic field. METHODS: A group of 55 clinical practice recommendations was developed by a clinical guidance group based on coalescence of evidence and expert opinion. The Telemedicine in Proctology Italian Working Group included 47 Italian Society of Colorectal Surgery nominated experts evaluating the appropriateness of each clinical practice recommendations based on published RAND/UCLA methodology in 2 rounds. RESULTS: Stakeholder median age was 53 years (interquartile range limits 40-60), and 38 (81%) were men. Nine (19%) panelists reported no experience with telemedicine before the pandemic. Agreement was obtained on a minimum of 3 to 5 years of practice in the proctologic field before starting teleconsultations, which should be regularly paid, with advice and prescriptions incorporated into a formal report sent to the patient by e-mail along with a receipt. Of the panelists, 35 of 47 (74%) agreed that teleconsultation carries the risk of misdiagnosis of cancer, thus recommending an in-person assessment before scheduling any surgery. Fifteen additional clinical practice recommendations were re-elaborated in the second round and assessed by 44 of 47 (93.6%) panelists. The application of telemedicine for the diagnosis of common proctologic conditions (eg, hemorrhoidal disease, anal abscess and fistula, anal condylomas, and anal fissure) and functional pelvic floor disorders was generally considered inappropriate. Teleconsultation was instead deemed appropriate for the diagnosis and management of pilonidal disease. CONCLUSION: This e-consensus revealed the boundaries of telemedicine in Italy. Standardization of infrastructures, logistics, and legality remain to be better elucidated.

Advantages of robotic surgery in the treatment of complex pelvic organs prolapse.

Robot-assisted surgery is safe and effective to treat the complex pelvic organs prolapse (C-POP). The present study analyzes all the robotic procedures and their advantages in the treatment of C-POP performed in a Proctologic and Pelvic Floor Clinical Centre. All the patients affected by C-POP who had robot-assisted surgery were retrospective analyzed. The anatomical and functional outcomes were respectively evaluated through POP-Q grading system and Wexner score about constipation and incontinence. The satisfaction rate was investigated using a five-point scale. From September 2014 to December 2018, 229 women underwent robotic surgery. The follow-up was 12 months. There were no robot-related complications. One hematoma (4.5%) of the recto-vaginal space occurred after Robotic Ventral Rectopexy with Folded Mesh (R-VRP-FM). In the robotic assisted lateral suspension (R-ALS) group there was one case of anterior vaginal wall mesh exposure (0.9%). After the robotic ventral rectopexy (R-VRP) the recurrence rate of external rectal prolapse, internal rectal prolapse, rectocele and enterocele was respectively 6.6, 9.5, 7.4 and 9.5%. After R-VRP-FM only one cystocele (14%) and one partial rectal prolapse (25%) recurred. Vaginal bulge symptoms resolution rate was 95.4%. The mean Wexner constipation score significantly decreased after R-VRP and R-VRP-FM. Vaginal bulge symptoms improved in 98.3% of cases with any apical prolapse recurrence after robotic abdominal colposacropexy. Success rate after R-ALS was 99.1% and 96.4% for apical and anterior prolapse respectively. Robotic assistance makes some surgical steps easier and more precise and this may result in less morbidity and better results.

Stapled Surgery for Hemorrhoidal Prolapse: From the Beginning to Modern Times.

INTRODUCTION: Hemorrhoidal disease is the most common proctologic condition in adults. Among the different surgical procedures, one of the greatest innovations is represented by the stapled hemorrhoidopexy. The history of this technique started with a single stapler use passing through a double stapler technique to resect the adequate amount of prolapse, finally coming to the use of high volume devices. METHODS: Nevertheless, each device has its own specific feature, the stapler is basically made up with one or more circular lines of titanium staples whose height may be variable. The procedure is based on different steps: Introduction of the CAD, evaluation of the prolapse, fashioning purse string or parachute suture, the introduction of the stapler head beyond the suture, pull the wires through the window, close the stapler and keep pulled the wires of the suture held together with forceps, fire using two hands, open the stapler and remove it and check the staple line and then check the specimen. One of the latest innovations in stapled surgery is Tissue Selective Therapy. It is a minimally invasive procedure in which there is a partial circular stapled hemorrhoidopexy focused on the prolapsing piles with bridges of normal mucosa left. RESULTS: Several studies have reported that SH is a safe and effective procedure to treat hemorrhoidal prolapse. It is a quicker procedure with a shorter hospital stay and earlier return to work if compared with the conventional treatment. This is due to less postoperative pain, postoperative bleeding, wound complications and constipation. Furthermore, the first generation devices had worse outcomes if compared with those of the new generation stapler that showed lower postoperative complication rates with better anatomical and symptomatic results. CONCLUSION: Stapled procedure for the treatment of symptomatic hemorrhoidal prolapse represents one of the most important innovations in proctology of the last century bringing with it the new revolutionary concept of the rectal intussusception as a determining factor involved in the natural history of the disease. Stapled hemorrhoidopexy marked an era in which the surgeon may offer the patients a safe, effective treatment with less pain and fast recovery.

A worldwide survey on proctological practice during COVID-19 lockdown (ProctoLock 2020): a cross-sectional analysis.

AIM: Proctology is one of the surgical specialties that has suffered the most during COVID-19 pandemic. Using a cross-sectional non-incentivised World Wide Web survey, we aimed to snapshot the current status of proctological practice in six world regions. METHOD: Surgeons affiliated to renowned scientific societies with an interest in coloproctology were invited to join the survey. Members of the ProctoLock Working Group enhanced recruitment by direct invitation. The predictive power of respondents' and hospitals' demographics on the change of status of surgical and outpatient activities was calculated. RESULTS: Respondents (n = 1050) were mostly men (79%), with a mean age of 46.9 years, at consultant level (79%), practising in academic hospitals (53%) offering a dedicated proctology service (68%). A total of 119 (11%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. The majority (54%) came from Europe. Participants from Asia reported a higher proportion of unaltered practice (17%), while those from Europe had the highest proportion of fully stopped practice (20%). The likelihood of ongoing surgical practice was higher in men (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.13-2.09; P = 0.006), in those reporting readily availability of personal protective equipment (PPE) (OR 1.40, 1.08-1.42; P = 0.012) and in centres that were partially or not at all involved in COVID-19 care (OR 2.95, 2.14-4.09; P < 0.001). This chance decreased by 2% per year of respondent's age (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Several factors including different screening policies and resource capacity affected the current status of proctological practice. This information may help health authorities to formulate effective preventive strategies to limit curtailment of care of these patients during the pandemic.

Epistemic Networks on Twitter: A New Way To Learn.

INTRODUCTION: Surgical training results in a combination of surgical knowledge, a careful evaluation of the patients in order to choose the right operative indication and manual skills to perform the procedure, learning also how to manage any post-operative complication. Unfortunately, the level of surgical training is extremely variable being influenced by loco-regional, cultural, age-related, demographic and regulatory matters. The aim of the present study is to show the results of a recent tweetchat about surgical training. Methods: On 19 September 2018, a tweetchat about #SurgicalTraining was launched involving all the followers and the member of the recently born #SoMe4Surgery community. The tweetchat was based on ten questions (Table 1). Four of them have multiple choices while the others were open questions. Results: Between the 13th and the 23rd September 2018, there were 138 users and 837 tweets with a potential reach people of 4,603,607. There was a general agreement on the heavy impact of a dedicated mentor on the preparation of any surgical trainee. Nevertheless, exchange programs and fellowship remain among the best and fastest way of improving surgical skills. In this context, surgical societies play a leading role during the surgical training. In fact, in addition to the previously discussed opportunities, attending international conferences with dedicated trainee sessions can help to socialize with colleagues and acquiring non-technical skills. Conclusion: The professional use of social media can help to fill the gap in surgical training opening new horizons and showing the difficulties present in the world of surgery.

Late rectal anastomotic leakage treated with diode laser FiLaC probe. A case report of a new minimal invasive treatment.

INTRODUCTION: Anastomotic Leakage (AL) is one of the most important early postoperative complication of the adenocarcinoma's surgical treatment. Fistula Laser Closure (FiLaC®) is a minimal invasive technique that use diode laser energy to obtain the fistula track obliteration and it is finding large application for other affection characterized by fistula tracts presence. PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 56 years old male, with no clinical history of adenocarcinoma in his family, underwent a laparoscopic low anterior resection with ileostomy for a rectal adenocarcinoma. Approximately 3 months after the procedure an anastomotic leak with an associated abscess was found. The patient underwent an endoscopic FiLaC off-label procedure on the AL and after further 4 months, he obtained a complete resolution of the anastomosis dehiscence. DISCUSSION: The literature is poor about the minimal invasive AL treatment and there is no paper about the management of the AL with the FiLaC® procedure. For asymptomatic patients a conservative solution is preferred, it could be considered a drain positioning for emptying abscesses and for irrigation or the use of an Endosponge to decrease the resolution time. The FiLaC® procedure could be a more feasible technique that could also reduce the healing time as well with no discomfort for the patient. CONCLUSION: Considering the results and our patient healing time, we think that an off-label application of FiLaC® procedure on asymptomatic low anastomotic leak could be an opportunity for a morbidity resolution shorter than the simple wait and see strategy, and more sustainable for the patient.