Inflammatory bowel disease on the risk of acute pancreatitis: A population-based cohort study.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: To determine whether inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) influences the risk of acute pancreatitis. METHODS: We identified 11,909 patients diagnosed with IBD between 2000 and 2010 from Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database as the study cohort. A comparison cohort comprised 47,636 age-matched patients without IBD. Both cohorts were followed-up until the end of 2010 or until being censored. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to study the effects of IBD on the risks of acute pancreatitis. RESULTS: The overall incidence of acute pancreatitis was 3.56-fold higher in the study cohort than in the comparison cohort (31.8 vs 8.91 per 10,000 person-years, crude hazard ratio [HR] = 3.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.96-4.28). After adjustment for age, sex, and comorbidities, namely alcohol-related disease, biliary stone, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, obesity, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, hypertriglyceridemia, cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and hypercalcemia, the adjusted HR for acute pancreatitis was 2.93-fold higher (95% CI = 2.40-3.58) in the study cohort than in the comparison cohort. CONCLUSIONS: IBD is a risk factor for acute pancreatitis.

Association Between Colonic Diverticulosis and Erectile Dysfunction: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.

We investigated whether colonic diverticulosis (CD) is associated with an increased risk of the subsequent development of erectile dysfunction (ED).We identified 2879 patients, diagnosed with CD between 1998 and 2011 from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database as the study cohort. Patients in a comparison cohort were frequency-matched with those in the CD cohort at a ratio of 1:4, frequency matched according to age (in 5-year bands) and year of CD diagnosis. The patients were followed-up until ED development, withdrawal from the National Health Insurance system, or the end of 2011. For both cohorts, the overall and age-specific incidence density rates of ED (per 1000 person-years) were calculated. The effects of age, CD, and other comorbidities on the risk of ED development were examined using Cox proportional hazards regression models.The average follow-up durations were 4.76 years and 4.97 years for the CD patients and comparison cohorts, respectively. The overall incidence of ED was 1.70-fold higher in the CD cohort than in the comparison cohort (2.92 and 1.71 per 1000 person-years, respectively). Colonic diverticulosis was an independent risk factor for subsequent ED development (adjusted HR [aHR] = 1.56, 95% confidence interval = 1.07-2.28) in a multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model.In this large retrospective cohort study, CD was associated with future ED development. Additional studies are required for validating our results.

Clinicopathological characteristics in the differential diagnosis of hepatoid adenocarcinoma: a literature review.

Hepatoid adenocarcinoma (HAC) is a rare but important special type of extrahepatic adenocarcinoma with clinicopathological presentation mimicking hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and prompt and correct diagnosis can be a challenge, especially in endemic areas with a high incidence of HCC. To date, HAC has only been reported in case series or single case reports, so we aimed to review the clinicopathological characteristics of HAC to obtain a more complete picture of this rare form of extrahepatic adenocarcinoma. All the articles about HAC published from 2001 to 2011 were reviewed, and clinicopathological findings were extracted for analysis. A late middle-aged male with high serum α-fetoprotein and atypical image finding of HCC should raise the suspicion of HAC, and characteristic pathological immunohistochemical stains can help with the differential diagnosis. Novel immunohistochemical markers may be useful to clearly differentiate HAC from HCC. Once metastatic HAC is diagnosed, the primary tumor origin should be identified for adequate treatment. The majority of HAC originates from the stomach, so panendoscopy should be arranged first.