Mechanism of Yiqi Huoxue Huatan recipe in the treatment of coronary atherosclerotic disease through network pharmacology and experiments.

In recent years, with population aging and economic development, morbidity and mortality of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease associated with atherosclerosis (AS) have gradually increased. In this study, a combination of network pharmacology and experimental verification was used to systematically explore the action mechanism of Yiqi Huoxue Huatan Recipe (YHHR) in the treatment of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CAD). We searched and screened the active ingredients of Coptis chinensis, Astragalus membranaceus, Salvia miltiorrhiza, and Hirudo. We also searched multiple databases for related target genes corresponding to the compounds and CAD. STRING was used to construct the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of genes. Metascape was used to perform gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis for common targets to analyze the main pathways, and finally, the molecular docking and main possible pathways were verified by experimental studies. Firstly, a total of 1480 predicted target points were obtained through the Swiss Target Prediction database. After screening, merging, and deleting duplicate values, a total of 768 targets were obtained. Secondly, "Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease" was searched in databases such as the OMIM, GeneCards, and TTD. 1844 disease-related targets were obtained. Among PPI network diagram of YHHR-CAD, SRC had the highest degree value, followed by AKT1, TP53, hsp90aa1 and mapk3. The KEGG pathway bubble diagram was drawn using Chiplot, the Signal pathways such as NF kappa B signaling pathway, Lipid and AS, and Apelin signaling pathway are closely related to the occurrence of CAD. The PCR and Western blot methods were used to detect the expression of NF-κB p65. When compared with that in the model group, the expression of NF-κB p65mRNA decreased in the low-concentration YHHR group, with P < .05, while the expression of NF-κB p65mRNA decreased significantly in the high-concentration YHHR group, with P < .01. On the other hand, when compared with that in the model group, the expression of NF-κB p65 decreased in the low-concentration YHHR group, but was not statistically significant, while the expression of NF-κB p65 was significant in the high-concentration YHHR group, and has statistical significance with P < .05. YHHR has been shown to resist inflammation and AS through the SRC/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Reversible three equal-step spin crossover in an iron(ii) Hofmann-type metal-organic framework.

A novel bent ligand-pillared three-dimensional Hofmann-type metal-organic framework, [FeII(Hbpt)Pt(CN)4]·1/2Hbpt·1/2CH3OH·5/2H2O [1, Hbpt = 4,4'-(1H-1,2,4-triazole-3,5-diyl) dipyridine], was synthesized and crystallographically and magnetically characterized, which showed incomplete three-step spin-crossover behavior with a reversible three equal-step sequence of HS1.00 ↔ HS0.75LS0.25 ↔ HS0.5LS0.5 ↔ HS0.25LS0.75.

Clinical features of ischemic hepatitis caused by shock with four different types: a retrospective study of 328 cases.

The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical features of ischemic hepatitis due to shock with four different types (allergic shock, hypovolemic shock, septic shock, and cardiogenic shock). A total of 328 patients (200 males, 128 females, mean age, 65.84 ± 15.21 years old, range, 15-94 years) diagnosed with shock in Tongji Hospital were retrospectively investigated from Jun 2008 to Feb 2010. The parameters of liver function test, including alanine aminotransferanse (ALT), aspartate aminotransferanse (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total bilirubin (TB), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and γ-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT), were recorded and analyzed. Besides, the serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were also measured and relevant correlation analysis was conducted. Among all the cases, 242 (73.8%) patients developed ischemic hepatitis. The mortality of shock patients combined with ischemic hepatitis was significantly higher than the total mortality (26.0% vs 23.8%, P < 0.05). The incidence of hepatic damage was highest in the septic shock (87.5%), while the lowest in thehypovolemic shock (49.4%). The sensitivity of ALT elevation was higher than that of AST. In addition, CRP was positively correlated with the levels of liver function parameters in the septic shock and BNP was positively correlated with that in the cardiogenic shock. Ischemic hepatitis is a common complication of shock, increasing the mortality of shock patients. The septic shock is the most common cause of hepatic damage in shock patients. CRP may be a useful predictor for septic shock, while BNP may be a useful predictor for cardiogenic shock.

Syntheses, crystal structures, luminescent and magnetic properties of two molecular solids containing naphthylmethylene triphenylphosphinium cations and tetra(isothiocyanate)cobalt(II) dianion.

The reaction of CoCl2 with the naphthalene methylated triphenylphosphinium bromide [n-NAPMeTPP]Br (n=1, 2) and KSCN, in a methanolic medium at ambient temperature, leads to the self-assembly formation of hybrid 2:1 organic-inorganic molecular solids, [1-NAPMeTPP]2[Co(NCS)4](1) and [2-NAPMeTPP]2[Co(NCS)4](2) ([NAPMeTPP](+)=(naphthylmethylene)(triphenyl)phosphinium), which have been characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectra, ESI-MS, molar conductivity and single-crystal X-ray diffraction structural analyses. Compound 1 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pna21, while 2 does in the monoclinic space group C2/c. The cations form a dimer through the weak intermolecular C-H⋯π interactions in 1 and π⋯π interaction in 2, while the anion and cation are linked by the C-H⋯S hydrogen bond in 1. Two molecular solids show dual functionalities: (1) the broad fluorescence emission around 400nm in the solid state at room temperature; (2) the weak antiferromagnetic coupling behavior.

[The relation between angiotensin II receptors 1 and 2, and CYP11B2 and atrial structural remodeling in patients with atrial fibrillation].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relation between of the angiotensin II receptors 1 and 2 (AT1-R and AT2-R), and aldosterone (Ald) synthetase CYP11B2 gene expression and atrial structural remodeling. METHODS: Thirty-eight patients were divided into three groups: sinus rhythm (SR) group (n = 11), paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (pAF) group (n = 13, with a duration of AF < 6 months), and constant atrial fibrillation (cAF) group (n = 14, with a duration of AF > 6 months) and underwent open thoracic surgery. 500 mg of tissue of right appendage was taken during the off-pump operation (tissue of left appendage was also taken in 8 patients of the cAF group). The levels of AT1-R, AT2-R, and CYP11B2 were detected. With semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction. Immunohistochemistry was used to localize AT1-R. RESULTS: The mean diameter of the left atrium of the cAF group was (5.8 +/- 0.6) cm, significantly greater than those of the pAF and SR groups (4.2 +/- 0.7) cm and (3.3 +/- 0.4) cm respectively, (both P < 0.01). However, there was not significant difference in the mean diameter of left atrium between the pAF and SR groups (P > 0.05). The CYP11B2R mRNA expression of the cAF group was 0.41 +/- 0.03, significantly higher than those of the pAF and SR groups (0.27 +/- 0.09 and 0.23 +/- 0.01 respectively, both P < 0.05). The AT1-R mRN expression level of the cAF group was 1.03 +/- 0.04, significantly lower than that of the SR group (0.90 +/- 0.10, P < 0.05). The AT2-R mRNA expression level of the cAF group was 1.16 +/- 0.16, significantly higher than that of the SR group (0.90 +/- 0.10, P < 0.05). In the SR group the AT1-R protein expression was mainly seen in the cellular membrane of the atrial cardiac muscle cells and rarely seen in the fibroblasts and vascular sooth muscle cells, however, in the pAF group AT1-R positive staining was seen in the cellular membrane, cytoplasm of the atrial cardiac cells, fibroblasts, and vascular sooth muscle cells, and the AT1-R positive staining of the cAF group was stronger than that of the pAF group and weaker then that of the SR group. CONCLUSION: The atrial structural remodeling is mediated by tissue RAS. The downregulation of AT1-R mRNA is probably an excessive reaction of atrial myocardium to tissue Ang II, while the upregulation of AT2-R mRNA is probably an adaptive and compensatory reaction of atrial myocardium to tissue Ang II. The regulation of AT-R may occur at the level of transcription and translation of the protein synthesis. In the cAF and pAF patients, the increase of the gene expression of CYP11B2 shows that Ald may be involved in the pathophysiological process of atrial remodeling in AF.