RESUMEN
Background: For patients with prostate cancer (PCa), the presence of pelvic lymph node metastasis (LNM) is a strong predictor of poor outcome. However, the approaches with promising sensitivity and specificity to detect LNM are still lacking. We investigated the value of collapsin response mediator protein 4 (CRMP4) promoter methylation in biopsies as a predictor for LNM. Methods: CRMP4 promoter methylation at two previously identified CpG sites was determined in 80 case-matched biopsy samples (the training set) using bisulfite pyrosequencing. The predictive cutoff value was independently validated using cohort I of 339 PCa patients (Southern China) and cohort II of 328 case patients (Germany, across China). Mann-Whitney U test, the receiver operating characteristic curve, McNemar's test, and logistic regression were used to assess data. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: In the training set, CRMP4 promoter methylation (≥15.0% methylated) was statistically significantly associated with LNM (P < 001). Successful validations were achieved in both cohorts I and II (sensitivity = 92.3%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 79.3 to 97.9, and sensitivity = 92.2%, 95% CI = 81.1 to 97.8, respectively; specificity = 92.7%, 95% CI = 80.2 to 99.1, and specificity = 91.3%, 95% CI = 87.4 to 94.4, respectively). The sensitivity of CRMP4 promoter methylation is superior to conventional MRI (cohort I: 92.3% vs 26.2%, P < 001; cohort II: 92.2% vs 33.3%, P < 001). CRMP4 promoter methylation is an independent predictor of LNM (cohort I: hazard ratio [HR] = 8.35, 95% CI = 5.64 to 12.35, P < 001; cohort II: HR = 12.46, 95% CI = 5.82 to 26.70, P < 001) in a multivariable analysis model. Conclusion: CRMP4 promoter methylation in diagnostic biopsies could be a robust biomarker for LNM in PCa.
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Metilación de ADN , Proteínas Musculares/genética , Neoplasias de la Próstata/genética , Neoplasias de la Próstata/patología , Anciano , Área Bajo la Curva , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Biopsia , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Islas de CpG , Humanos , Metástasis Linfática , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Proteínas Musculares/metabolismo , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Regiones Promotoras Genéticas , Estudios Prospectivos , Próstata/patología , Curva ROCRESUMEN
Metastasis is the main cause of death from muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB), and the metastatic potential of tumors is often unpredictable. The role of Dachshund homolog 2 gene (DACH2) in tumorigenesis remains unexplored. We aimed to investigate whether DACH2 can be used as a biomarker to predict metastasis and prognosis of muscle-invasive UCB in a sequential training and validation fashion. For the training set (n = 40), compared with UCB patients without lymph node (LN) metastasis, both DACH2 protein and mRNA expression were greatly increased in case-matched patients with LN metastasis. For the independent validation set (n = 243), patients with primary UCB that did not express DACH2 had a longer metastasis-free survival (MFS) and overall survival (OS) than did those with tumors expressing DACH2 (5-year MFS: 88% [95% CI 80-96] versus 19% [95% CI 7-31], p < 0.001; 5-year OS: 93% [95% CI 87-99] versus 37% [95% CI 23-51], p < 0.001). Multivariable analysis of DACH2 status showed hazard ratios of 7.34 (95% CI 3.15-11.87, p < 0.001) for MFS and 3.96 (95% CI 2.04-7.16, p < 0.001) for OS which were much higher than hazard ratios associated with other independent risk factors. Collectively, DACH2 is an independent prognostic marker that can be used at initial diagnosis of UCB to identify patients who have a high potential to develop metastasis.
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Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Proteínas Nucleares/metabolismo , Factores de Transcripción/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/secundario , Adulto , Anciano , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Proteínas de Unión al ADN , Femenino , Humanos , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Metástasis Linfática , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Músculos/patología , Invasividad Neoplásica/patología , Proteínas Nucleares/genética , Pronóstico , Estudios Prospectivos , ARN Mensajero/genética , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , ARN Neoplásico/genética , ARN Neoplásico/metabolismo , Factores de Riesgo , Factores de Transcripción/genética , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/genéticaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: c-Myc, EZH2 and p27 were defined to modulate the behavior of prostate cancer with pro-tumoral or anti-tumoral effects and had ability in predicting prostate cancer progression, but the research of their co-expression value of prognosis is rarely. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of combining tri-marker together in patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer after surgery. METHODS: Expression levels of c-Myc, EZH2 and p27 in 129 patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer were assessed using immunohistochemistry in a semi-quantitative manner. The expression profiles of these three markers were analyzed and investigated for association with biochemical recurrence. RESULTS: In all, fifty of 129 cases experienced biochemical recurrence during a median follow-up time of 31 months (range, 6 - 60 months). Of these relapse patients, one case without and 10 cases with any single positive marker were observed; 39 cases were detected with any two or all three positive markers (22 cases with any two and 17 cases with all three positive markers). Survival analysis showed that patients with over-expression of c-Myc or EZH2, and lower expression of p27 manifested significantly higher biochemical recurrence rates. Subsequent multivariate analysis revealed that c-Myc, EZH2 and p27 expression statuses showed potential in predicting relapse, respectively. Notably, combining three markers together as a "composite index" (0 or 1, vs. 2 or 3 positive markers) provided powerful prognostic value (HR 6.57, 95% CI 3.02 - 14.31, P < 0.001). There was a significant difference between the patient subgroups with 0 or 1 and those with 2 or 3 positive markers expression statuses, and tri-marker composite index was an independent risk factor for predicting relapse in patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer after surgery. CONCLUSION: Composite index of c-Myc, EZH2, and p27 can be valued as powerful prognosis parameter for intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients after the surgery, and postoperative adjuvant therapy can be adopted accordingly.
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Inhibidor p27 de las Quinasas Dependientes de la Ciclina/análisis , Complejo Represivo Polycomb 2/análisis , Neoplasias de la Próstata/química , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-myc/análisis , Proteína Potenciadora del Homólogo Zeste 2 , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/epidemiología , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Pronóstico , Neoplasias de la Próstata/mortalidad , Neoplasias de la Próstata/patología , Neoplasias de la Próstata/cirugíaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: We aimed to analyze whether ERG rearrangement in biopsies could be used to assess subsequent cancer diagnosis in high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) and the risk of lymph node metastasis in early prostate cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Samples from 523 patients (361 with early prostate cancer and 162 with HGPIN) were collected prospectively. On the basis of the cutoff value established previously, the 162 patients with HGPIN were stratified to two groups: one with an ERG rearrangements rate ≥1.6% (n = 59) and the other with an ERG rearrangements rate <1.6% (n = 103). For the 361 prostate cancer cases undergoing radical prostatectomy, 143 had pelvic lymph node dissection (node-positive, n = 56 and node-negative, n = 87). All ERG rearrangement FISH data were validated with ERG immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: A total of 56 (of 59, 94.9%) HGPIN cases with an ERG rearrangements rate ≥1.6% and 5 (of 103, 4.9%) HGPIN cases with an ERG rearrangements rate <1.6% were diagnosed with prostate cancer during repeat biopsy follow-ups (P < 0.001). There were significant differences in ERG rearrangement rates between lymph node-positive and -negative prostate cancer (P < 0.001). The optimal cutoff value to predict lymph node metastasis by ERG rearrangement was established, being 2.6% with a sensitivity at 80.4% [95% confidence interval (CI), 67.6-89.8] and a specificity at 85.1% (95% CI, 75.8-91.8). ERG protein expression by immunohistochemistry was highly concordant with ERG rearrangement by FISH. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of ERG rearrangement in HGPIN lesions detected on initial biopsy warrants repeat biopsies and measuring ERG rearrangement could be used for assessing the risk of lymph node metastasis in early prostate cancer.
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Reordenamiento Génico , Neoplasia Intraepitelial Prostática/genética , Neoplasias de la Próstata/genética , Transactivadores/genética , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Biopsia , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Hibridación Fluorescente in Situ , Metástasis Linfática , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Clasificación del Tumor , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Pronóstico , Prostatectomía/métodos , Neoplasia Intraepitelial Prostática/diagnóstico , Neoplasia Intraepitelial Prostática/patología , Neoplasias de la Próstata/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Próstata/patología , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Transactivadores/metabolismo , Regulador Transcripcional ERGRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To study the clinicopathologic features of various types of mature T-cell and natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma in Guangdong, China, with respect to the 2008 WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms. METHODS: Eleven hundred and thirty-seven (1137) cases of mature T-cell or NK/T-cell lymphoma diagnosed during the period from 2002 to 2006 in Guangzhou area were retrieved. The clinical data, histologic features and immunohistochemical findings were reviewed by a panel of experienced hematopathologists. Additional immunostaining was performed if indicated. The cases were re-classified according to the 2008 WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms. RESULTS: Nine hundred and sixty-three (963) cases fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of mature T-cell or NK/T-cell lymphoma and accounted for 20.1% of all cases of lymphoma encountered during the same period (963/4801). A predominance of extranodal involvement was noted in 644 cases (66.9%), while 319 cases (33.1%) showed mainly nodal disease. The prevalence of various lymphoma subtypes was as follows: peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified (PTCL, NOS) 293 cases (30.4%), extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type 281 cases (29.2%), anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) 198 cases (20.6%), and angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AILT) 46 cases (4.8%). The male-to-female ratio was 1.99. The median age of the patients was 44 years, with the peak age of PTCL, NOS, extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type and AILT being 55 to 64 years, 25 to 54 years and 65 to 74 years, respectively. ALK-positive ALCL occurred more frequently in young age, while the ALK-negative ALCL cases occurred mainly in the elderly. CONCLUSIONS: Extranodal lesions predominate in mature T-cell and NK/T-cell lymphomas occurring in Guangzhou area. There is a male predominance and the overall incidence shows no increasing trend with age of the patient. The peak age of various subtypes however varies. The most common subtype was PTCL, NOS, followed by extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, ALCL and AILT. The relatively frequent occurrence of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type in Guangdong area is likely associated with the high incidence of Epstein-Barr virus infection there.
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Linfoma Extranodal de Células NK-T/patología , Linfoma Anaplásico de Células Grandes/patología , Linfoma de Células T Periférico/patología , Linfoma de Células T/clasificación , Linfoma de Células T/patología , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Quinasa de Linfoma Anaplásico , Niño , Preescolar , China , Infecciones por Virus de Epstein-Barr , Femenino , Humanos , Linfadenopatía Inmunoblástica/metabolismo , Linfadenopatía Inmunoblástica/patología , Linfadenopatía Inmunoblástica/virología , Lactante , Linfoma Extranodal de Células NK-T/metabolismo , Linfoma Extranodal de Células NK-T/virología , Linfoma Anaplásico de Células Grandes/metabolismo , Linfoma Anaplásico de Células Grandes/virología , Linfoma de Células T/metabolismo , Linfoma de Células T/virología , Linfoma de Células T Periférico/metabolismo , Linfoma de Células T Periférico/virología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Proteínas Tirosina Quinasas/metabolismo , Proteínas Tirosina Quinasas Receptoras , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores Sexuales , Organización Mundial de la Salud , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Fusion of the prostate-specific and androgen-regulated transmembrane-serine protease gene (TMPRSS2) with the erythroblast transformation-specific (ETS) family members is the most common genetic alteration in prostate cancer. However, the biological and clinical role of TMPRSS2-ETS fusions in prostate cancer, especially in problematic prostate needle core biopsies, has not been rigorously evaluated. We randomly collected 85 specimens including 50 archival prostate cancer tissue blocks, 15 normal prostate specimens, and 20 benign prostatic hyperplasia specimens for TMPRSS2-ETS fusion analyses. Moreover, the fusion status in an additional 20 patients with initial negative biopsies who progressed to biopsy-positive prostate cancer at subsequent follow-ups was also characterized. Fluorescently labeled probes specific for ERG-related rearrangements involving the TMPRSS2-ERG fusion as well as TMPRSS2-ETV1 and TMPRSS2-ETV4 were used to assess samples for gene rearrangements indicative of malignancy under a design of sequential trial. Rearrangements involving TMPRSS2-ETS fusions were detected in 90.0% of the 50 postoperative prostate cancer samples. The positive rate for the rearrangements in the initial prostate cancer-negative biopsies of 20 patients who eventually progressed to prostate cancer was 60.0% (12/20). Our preliminary study demonstrates that the clinical utility of TMPRSS2-ETS fusion detection as a biomarker and ancillary diagnostic tool for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer is promising, given this approach shows significant high sensitivity and specificity in detection.
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Hibridación Fluorescente in Situ/métodos , Neoplasias de la Próstata/diagnóstico , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-ets/genética , Serina Endopeptidasas/genética , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Biopsia con Aguja , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Proyectos Piloto , Neoplasias de la Próstata/genética , Neoplasias de la Próstata/patologíaRESUMEN
Current predictive tools and imaging modalities are not accurate enough for preoperative diagnosis of lymph node metastatic prostate cancer (LNM PCa). Proteomic analysis is introduced to screen potential biomarkers for early detection of LNM PCa. In our initial study, protein samples from localized and LNM PCa as well as benign prostatic hyperplasia tissues were analyzed using two-dimensional fluorescence difference in gel electrophoresis (2-D DIGE) coupled with MALDI-TOF/TOF MS. We identified 58 proteins that were differentially expressed in the LNM PCa group relative to the localized PCa group. Six of these proteins, e-FABP5, MCCC2, PPA2, Ezrin, SLP2, and SM22, are functionally relevant to cancer metastasis. Expression of these proteins was therefore further validated in tissue samples from the original cohort and also from a larger, independent cohort of patients using real time PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry staining. In addition, the serum levels of e-FABP5 were also examined by ELISA. Relative to localized PCa tissues, LNM PCa tissues had increased expression of e-FABP5, MCCC2, PPA2, Ezrin, and SLP2 and decreased expression of SM22. Patients with LNM PCa had significantly higher levels of serum e-FABP5. This study presents evidence that increased expression of e-FABP5, MCCC2, PPA2, Ezrin, and SLP2 and decreased expression of SM22 are useful diagnostic markers for the existence of LNM PCa.
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Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Electroforesis en Gel Bidimensional/métodos , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Próstata/metabolismo , Proteómica/métodos , Anciano , Análisis de Varianza , Western Blotting , Proteínas de Unión a Ácidos Grasos/sangre , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Ganglios Linfáticos/metabolismo , Ganglios Linfáticos/patología , Metástasis Linfática , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Hiperplasia Prostática/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Próstata/patología , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Espectrometría de Masa por Láser de Matriz Asistida de Ionización Desorción , Espectrometría de Masas en TándemRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) in mucosal natural killer/T cell and mature T cell lymphomas and its relation to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. METHODS: The expression of MMP9 and EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) were detected by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization in 59 cases of mucosal natural killer/T cell and mature T cell lymphomas. RESULTS: The positivity rates of MMP9 and EBERs were 83.05% and 72.88% respectively. The positivity rate of EBERs was correlated with histopathological subtype (P<0.05), but not with clinical stage, vascular invasion or the patients' survival time (P>0.05). The expression level of MMP9 was not correlated with the clinical stage, vascular invasion or survival time (P>0.05). No significant correlation was found between MMP9 expression and EBV infection. CONCLUSION: EBV may play an important role in the development of mucosal natural killer/T cell and mature T cell lymphomas and promote disease progression by up-regulating MMP9 expression indirectly. Elimination of EBV infection may be helpful to prevent the development of lymphoma.
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Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Herpesvirus Humano 4/fisiología , Linfoma de Células T/genética , Linfoma de Células T/virología , Metaloproteinasa 9 de la Matriz/metabolismo , Membrana Mucosa/patología , Células T Asesinas Naturales/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Linfoma de Células T/patología , Masculino , Membrana Mucosa/virología , Células T Asesinas Naturales/virologíaRESUMEN
AIM: To examine the impact and prognostic significance of alpha-tocopherol associated protein (TAP) expression in a series of prostate cancer patients. METHODS: Tissues from 87 patients underwent radical prostatectomy were examined for TAP expression by immunohistochemistry. The relationships of the staining results, the clinic pathological characteristics and the recurrence times were analyzed. RESULTS: Compared with the adjacent areas of normal and benign glands, immunoreactivity of TAP was reduced in areas of prostate cancer. A lower TAP-positive cell number per mm(2) of the largest cancer area (defined as TAP-PN) was associated with higher clinical stage (r = -0.248, P = 0.0322). Inverse associations were found among the TAP-PN and positive lymph nodes (r = -0.231, P = 0.0325), preoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels (r = -0.423, P = 0.0043), tumor size (r= -0.315, P= 0.0210) and elevated tumor cell proliferation, which was indicated by the staining of Ki-67 (r = -0.308, P = 0.0026). TAP-PN was a significant predictor of recurrence univariately (P = 0.0006), as well as multivariately, adjusted for known markers including preoperative PSA, clinical stage, Gleason score, surgical margin, extra-prostatic extension, seminal vesicle invasion and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.0012). CONCLUSION: Reduced expression of TAP was associated with the cell proliferation status of prostate cancer, adverse pathological parameters and the increased risk of recurrence.
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Proteínas Portadoras/biosíntesis , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Lipoproteínas/biosíntesis , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/etiología , Neoplasias de la Próstata/metabolismo , Transactivadores/biosíntesis , Anciano , Proteínas Portadoras/genética , Proliferación Celular , Humanos , Antígeno Ki-67/biosíntesis , Lipoproteínas/genética , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias de la Próstata/patología , Transactivadores/genéticaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To explore the transcription regulation of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine(5-Aza-CdR) on SHP-1 gene and its effects on Daudi cell line growth. METHODS: MTT method and flow cytometry were used to detect the growth and apoptosis of Daudi cells after treated with different dosage of 5-Aza-CdIR. Bisulfite sequencing PCR ( BSP) , T-A cloning and sequence analysis were evaluated for methylation status. The SHP-I mRNA and protein were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) ,immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: (1)After 7 d treatment with 2. 00 micromol/L of 5-Aza-CdR, all cytosines (C) in Daudi cells genome DNA were converted to thymidine, and SHP-1 mRNA and protein expressed again in the cells while those Cs in CpG dinucleotides in untreated Daudi cells remained Cs; (2)5-Aza-CdR inhibited the cell growth,The effects within certain extent were dose and time dependent:after 72 h treatment with 5-Aza-CdR at 200. 00, 20. 00, 2. 00 and 0. 20 micromol/L, the inhibitive rates were 72. 0% , 65. 1%, 51. 5%, 28.8% ,23.4% respectively; (3) 5-Aza-CdR increased apoptosis rate of tumor cells with a dose and times dependent manner within certain extent, too:at the 1,3,5 d treatment with 5-Aza-CdR 2. 00 micromol/L,the apoptosis rates were 2. 3% ,10. 8 % and 17. 1% ; respectively. (4) 5-Aza-CdR also changed cell cycle of tumor cells: at 24 h treatment with 5-Aza-CdR 2.00 micromol/L,92. 7% tumor cells stopped at S phase and G, phase cells were increased gradually with time. CONCLUSION: DNA promoter hypermethylation is associated with SHP-1 gene silence in Daudi lymphoma cell line. 5-Aza-CdR could effectively cause demethylation and inhibit the growth of tumor cell by reactivating the gene transcription.
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Antimetabolitos Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Apoptosis , Azacitidina/análogos & derivados , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Metilación de ADN , Proteína Tirosina Fosfatasa no Receptora Tipo 6/genética , Azacitidina/farmacología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Decitabina , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Humanos , Linfoma/genética , Linfoma/patología , Proteína Tirosina Fosfatasa no Receptora Tipo 6/biosíntesis , ARN Mensajero/biosíntesis , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa InversaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is a group of heterogeneous malignancies with poor prognosis, and without ideal therapeutic regimen. This study was to summarize clinical and pathologic features of T-cell NHL. METHODS: Records of 111 patients with T-cell NHL, treated from Jan. 1994 to Dec. 2001 in Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University, were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients were classified according to WHO classification criteria. RESULTS: Median age of the whole group was 37 years (ranged 7-77 years). Of the 111 patients, 82 were men, 29 were women;45 (40.5%) were treated with chemoradiotherapy, 62 (55.8%) were treated with chemotherapy alone, and 4 (3.6%) were treated with radiotherapy alone. The 3-year survival rate of the whole group was 45% with a median follow-up of 28 months. The 3-year survival rates of chemoradiotherapy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy groups were 56%, 38%, and 25%, respectively. Among all histological type subgroups, the prognosis of NK/T-cell lymphoma was the worst with the 3-year survival rate of only 25%u the 3-year survival rate was 40% in unspecified peripheral T-cell lymphoma group,and 85% in angioimmunoblast T-cell lymphoma group. International prognostic index was a significant factor for predicting overall survival. The 3-year survival rates of low risk,low-intermediate risk,intermediate-high risk, and high risk groups were 60%, 30%, 10%, and 0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Present treatment modalities for T-cell NHL patients, especially the high risk patients, can't achieve satisfactory outcomes. New treatment modality for these patients needs to be explored.
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Linfoma de Células T/tratamiento farmacológico , Linfoma de Células T/radioterapia , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Niño , Terapia Combinada , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , L-Lactato Deshidrogenasa/sangre , Linfoma de Células T/mortalidad , Linfoma de Células T/patología , Linfoma de Células T Periférico/tratamiento farmacológico , Linfoma de Células T Periférico/mortalidad , Linfoma de Células T Periférico/patología , Linfoma de Células T Periférico/radioterapia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/tratamiento farmacológico , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/mortalidad , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/patología , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/radioterapia , Pronóstico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tasa de Supervivencia , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical and pathological features of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and to evaluate the applicability of the new WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms. METHODS: According to the new WHO classification, a total of 500 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma diagnosed during the period 1992 - 2003 were reviewed and reappraised with their morphological, immunological and clinical characteristics. Clinical survival analysis was performed in 156 cases that accompanied with follow-up data. RESULTS: Among 500 cases previously diagnosed as lymphomas, 493 cases (98.6%) were confirmed to be NHL, of which B-cell neoplasms was 69.0% and T/NK-cell neoplasms 29.8%. Overall, 6 subtypes including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), unspecified peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PT-un), precursor T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL), extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT type (MALT) and B-small lymphocytic lymphoma (B-SLL) were among the most common subtypes. In pediatric and young patient populations, the most common subtypes were LBL, DLBCL and Burkitt's lymphoma. The frequency of LBL in all patients, especially in the juniors, was much higher than those reported outside Mainland China, and the frequency of FL was much higher than the reported in Mainland China. The frequency of FL was much higher than the reported in Mainland China. Clinical survivals among different histological subtypes of NHL varied considerably with statistic significance (P < 0.001). Marginal zone B-cell lymphoma and SLL demonstrated the best prognosis, LBL and PT-un both the worst, whereas DLBCL and FL had an intermediate prognosis, however, subgrouping of FL according to WHO classification did not reveal a significant survival difference (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Basing upon the results of a comprehensive survey on the morphologic features, immunophenotyping and clinical data of the above cases, the new WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms is practical and easily applicable for routine pathological evaluation of lymphoproliferaive disorders and in guiding the clinical management. It appears that the diagnostic and grading criteria for FL in Mainland China need to be re-evaluated.
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Linfoma no Hodgkin/clasificación , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Linfoma de Burkitt/epidemiología , Linfoma de Burkitt/patología , Niño , Preescolar , China/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Células Asesinas Naturales , Linfoma de Células B/clasificación , Linfoma de Células B/epidemiología , Linfoma de Células B/patología , Linfoma Folicular/clasificación , Linfoma Folicular/epidemiología , Linfoma Folicular/patología , Linfoma de Células B Grandes Difuso/epidemiología , Linfoma de Células B Grandes Difuso/patología , Linfoma no Hodgkin/epidemiología , Linfoma no Hodgkin/patología , Linfoma de Células T/clasificación , Linfoma de Células T/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Organización Mundial de la SaludRESUMEN
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Fas and FasL have been proved to be the inductional genes of cell apoptosis. Genesis of many tumors relates with functional disorder and abnormal expressions of Fas and FasL. This study was designed to detect protein expressions of Fas and FasL in B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) and benign lymphoid tissue, and to provide new markers for diagnosis of lymphoma. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry was used to detect protein expressions of Fas and FasL in 92 specimens of B-NHL, and 20 specimens of benign lymphoid tissue. RESULTS: Fas mostly expressed on membrane. FasL mostly expressed in cytoplasm, and partially expressed in nuclei. Positive rate of Fas in B-NHL was 66.3% (61/92), and that of FasL in B-NHL was 67.4% (62/92). Positive rates of both Fas and FasL in benign lymphoid tissue were 60.0% (12/20). There was no significant difference in expressions of Fas and FasL between B-NHL group and benign group (P>0.05), but positive locations of Fas and FasL in these 2 groups are different. Positive rates of Fas and FasL were higher in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBL) than in follicular lymphoma (FL), and small cell lymphoma (SLL) (87.2% vs. 64.5%, and 31.8%, P<0.05u 89.7% vs. 67.7%, and 27.3%, P<0.05). Positive rates of Fas and FasL in FL were higher than those in SLL. No correlation was found between Fas/FasL expression and patients' gender, age, and tumor location. CONCLUSIONS: The expressions of Fas and FasL are not useful for distinguishing benign lymphoid tissue from lymphoma tissue, while their locational characteristics are valuable for differential diagnosis. The expressions of Fas and FasL are considered valuable in evaluating the malignant grade of B-NHL.
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Linfoma de Células B/metabolismo , Linfoma Folicular/metabolismo , Linfoma de Células B Grandes Difuso/metabolismo , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Factores de Necrosis Tumoral/metabolismo , Receptor fas/metabolismo , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Membrana Celular/metabolismo , Niño , Preescolar , Citoplasma/metabolismo , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Proteína Ligando Fas , Femenino , Humanos , Leucemia Linfocítica Crónica de Células B , Linfadenitis/metabolismo , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: About 3%-10% of condyloma acuminatum (CA) may develop into cancer. Some studies indicated that homologous deletion of p16 gene is a major factor that causes cancerization of CA. This study was to detect expression of P16 protein in CA tissues and its cancerization tissues, and to investigate relationship of abnormal expression of P16 and cancerization of CA. METHODS: A total of 75 skin biopsy specimens were collected, including 30 normal skin samples (control group), 35 CA samples, and 10 cancerized CA samples. Expression of P16 was tested by LSAB immunohistochemistry, and relationship of P16 and cancerization of CA was statistically analyzed. RESULTS: CA and normal skin tissues showed weakly positive expression of P16, no significant difference exist (P< 0.05). Cancerized CA tissues showed positive or strongly positive expression of P16, significantly stronger than CA and normal skin tissues (P< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Positive and strongly positive expression of P16 in CA tissue implied risk of cancerization of CA. P16 may be a useful predictor for cancerization of CA.
Asunto(s)
Transformación Celular Neoplásica/metabolismo , Condiloma Acuminado/metabolismo , Inhibidor p16 de la Quinasa Dependiente de Ciclina/metabolismo , Enfermedades del Pene/metabolismo , Enfermedades Vaginales/metabolismo , Adulto , Anciano , Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Transformación Celular Neoplásica/patología , Condiloma Acuminado/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedades del Pene/patología , Lesiones Precancerosas/metabolismo , Lesiones Precancerosas/patología , Piel/metabolismo , Enfermedades Vaginales/patologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate the clinicopathologic significance of the ALK gene expression in neoplasms and normal tissues. METHODS: Using the immunohistochemical method, the expressions of ALK gene were examined on 14 anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). 10 Hodgkin's lymphoma, 46 B lymphoma, 13 T lymphoma, 21 malignant astrocytoma, 5 medulloblastoma, 5 ependymoma, 69 carcinomas, 19 sarcomas, and many normal tissues. RESULTS: (1) The expression rate of ALK was 64.3% in ALCL, it is significantly higher than that in Hodgkin's lymphoma, B lymphoma, and other T lymphoma(P < 0.01). (2) There was strongly expression of ALK in hepatocellular carcinoma, malignant astrocytoma, and medulloblastoma. (3) There was weakly expression of ALK in placenta tissue and astrocyte. CONCLUSIONS: (1) The ALK protein is a very important molecular marker in ALCL, it is very helpful for diagnosing and distinquishing ALCL. (2) ALK gene may take part in the origin and development of hepatocellular carcinoma, malignant astrocytoma, and medulloblastoma and may be an important gene associated with neoplasms.